Acute kidney injury

Question 1

What is acute kidney injury?

Answer 1

Rapid loss of kidney function

Question 2

AKI will have 3 increased 1 decreased

Answer 2

BUN creatinine urine

Question 3

AZOTEMIA

Answer 3

Increase of nitrogen in blood

Question 4

3 categories of ARF

Answer 4

Prerenal, intrreanal, postrenal

Question 5

What causes prerenal 2

Answer 5

Sever drop in BP interruption of blood flow to kidneys

Question 6

what causes intrarenal 6

Answer 6

Direct damage to the kidneys toxins, drugs, infection, reduced blood flow, inflammation, prerenal

Question 7

what causes post renal 5

Answer 7

Sudden obstruction of urine flow enlarged prostate, kidney stones, tumor, injury, reflux

Question 8

4 things to look at that cause prerenal

Answer 8

hypovolemia, Decreased CO, Decreased peripheral vascular resistance, decreased renal blood flow

Question 9

2 things to look at with intrarenal YOu didnt know

Answer 9

Acute tubular necrosis, hemoglobin from hemolyzed rRBC

Question 10

What is Acute tubular necrosis

Answer 10

Acute tubular necrosis is a condition that causes the lack of oxygen and blood flow to the kidneys in the basement membrane

Question 11

Why are nephrotoxins with tubular necrosis

Answer 11

They cause it and the epithelial cells come off and get stuck

Question 12

What causes acute tub necro 3

Answer 12

Ischemia, nephrotoxins, sepsis

Question 13

Risks of Acute tub necro 5

Answer 13

Surgery, shock, blood transfusion, mm injury, prolonged hypotension

Question 14

4 nephrotoxins

Answer 14

NSAIDS, Vanco, chemo, contrast

Question 15

hydronephorsis

Answer 15

swelling in kidney

Question 16

phases of AKI

Answer 16

Oliguric, Diuresis, recovery

Question 17

Olugaric urine number and specific gravity and what does that mean?

Answer 17

Less than 400ml/day 1.010 kidneys can’t concentrate urine.

Question 18

casts and when do they mean?

Answer 18

tube shaped particles indicative of AKI

Question 19

S/S of Olugaric 6

Answer 19

Na+ K+ increase, widening QR intervals, med acidosis, Neurological(Seizures) From build up of toxins, leukocytosis

Question 20

Why is there an increase in urine output in the diuresis phase?

Answer 20

Because of the oncotic pressure from the o stage

Question 21

What needs to be monitored in the Diuretic stage?

Answer 21

fluid level

Question 22

How much urine output could we see with Diuresis stage?

Answer 22

more than 5l a day

Question 23

What function is lacking in the Diuresis stage?

Answer 23

urine concentration

Question 24

2 things to know about the recovery stage

Answer 24

Older people may not recover and go to chronic renal fail and it may last 3-12 months

Question 25

Normal BUN

Answer 25

Less than 20

Question 26

What to know about Creatinine and AKI

Answer 26

May not show up until 50% is gone

Question 27

Normal BUN to creatinine level

Answer 27

20:1

Question 28

Normal creatinine clearance level

Answer 28

less than 70

Question 29

Management of Oli stage 4

Answer 29

Watch for fluid overload, loop diuretics, fluid and electrolytes, daily weights

Question 30

Management of Diuretic phase 2

Answer 30

Fluid/electrolytes, daily weights

Question 31

Nursing priorities 1 step in AKI

Answer 31

Make sure there is CO and fluid volume

Question 32

Other nursing priorities 5

Answer 32

Protect against infection, monitor antibiotic use, Question NSAIDS, Skin care, oral care

Question 33

What is an NSAID you didn’t know

Answer 33

Ketorolac

Question 34

Why oral care for AKI what can it cause?

Answer 34

Because of the elevation in urea stomatitis

Question 35

Nutrition for AKI 3

Answer 35

Cals should come from fats and carbs, 0.8-1.0g prots, K+, Na+ and phosphate restriction

Question 36

One thing that can decrease perfusion

Answer 36

Ace inhib