Adaptation & Competition Flashcards
1
Q
Give three ways tapeworms are adapted
A
- Suckers and hooks to help them hold on to the wall of the hosts intestine
- A body with flattened segments and do gut. Large surface area so it can absorb food from the hosts gut. Flattened segments produce a lot of eggs she so the tapeworm can have lots of babies.
- Thick outer cuticle to stop them getting digested by the enzymes in the hosts gut
2
Q
Give ways that a flea is adapted
A
- Sharp mouthparts to help them break the hosts skin and suck blood
- Flattened body so they are not easily brushed off their host
- Long hind legs so they can jump between hosts
- Hard body so they’re not damaged when the animal scratches them
3
Q
What are the four different forms of the malaria parasite?
A
- Gametocytes
- Sporozoites
- Merozoites
- Shizonts
4
Q
Describe the gametocytes stage?
A
- when a mosquito sucks blood from an animal with malaria, it takes up gametocytes
- the gametocytes reproduce sexually inside the mosquito
- in the Mosquitos salivary glands the gametocytes turn into sporozoites
5
Q
Describe the sporozoites stage?
A
- When the mosquito bites another animal, it transfers the sporozoites into the animals bloodstream
- The sporozoites pass through the blood the liver, where they enter the liver cells
- Inside the cells, the sporozoites rapidly divide asexually to produce merozoites
6
Q
Describe the merozoite stage?
A
- thousands of merozoites are released from the liver cells into the blood
- they invade red blood cells
- the merozoite grows and it’s nucleus divides asexually to produce a cell with many nuclei called a schizont
7
Q
Describe the schizonts stage?
A
- the schizont divides to produce many merozoites
- the red blood cell bursts, releasing merozoites into the blood. –Toxins are released too, triggering the fever attacks that are associated with Malaria
- these merozoites go on to invade other red blood cells and the cycle repeats
8
Q
What do plants need to survive ?
A
Water,light,space and minerals
9
Q
What do animals need to survive?
A
Food,water,space(territory) and mates
