ADAPTATIONS FOR NUTRITION Flashcards
(24 cards)
Define autotrophic organism
Make their own food from simple inorganic raw materials
2 types of autotrophic organisms
Chemoautotrophic
Photoautotrophic
Define photoautotrophic
Use light as energy source and perform photosynthesis
Define chemoautotrophic organisms
Use energy from chemical reactions
Define heterotrophic organism
Can’t make their own food and consume complex organic molecules produced from autotrophs
Define saprotrophs
Feed on decaying matter or dead matter
Define parasitic nutrition
Organism that Brian’s nutrition from a host
2 types of parasites
Endoparasites
Ectoparasites
Difference between endo/ectoparasites
Endoparasites live in body of host
Ectoparasites live on its surface
Define holozoic nutrition
They ingest food, digest it and egest the indigestible remains
Define herbivores
Animals that eat plant material
Define carnivores
Only eat meat
Define omnivores
Eat both plant and meat
Define detritivires
Feed on dead decaying material
What type of nutrition does amoeba use
Holozoic
2 layers cells of hydra
Ectoderm
Endoderm
2 reasons why food must be digested
Insoluble and too big to cross membrane and be absorbed into blood
Polymers must be converted to their monomers so they can be rebuilt into molecules needed by body cells
Define mechanical digestion
Crushing and cutting by teeth and muscle contractions of the gut wall increase surface area over which enzymes can act
Define chemical digestion
Digestive enzymes, bile and stomach acid contribute to breakdown of food
What does serosa do
Reduce friction with other abdominal organs
What does inner circular muscles and outer longitudinal muscles do
Make coordinated waves of contractions
What does submucosa contain
Blood and lymph vessels
What does submucosa do
Remove absorbed products of digestion
What does mucosa do
Its epithelium secretes mucas for lubrication and protection
