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Foundations of Human Behavior: 1 > Adoescense > Flashcards

Adoescense Flashcards

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1
Q

Age 11-14

A

Early adolescense

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2
Q

Age 15-17

A

Middle adolescence

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3
Q

Ag 18-20

A

Late adolescence

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4
Q

What are the 4 devo tasks of adolescent?

A
  1. Construct emancipated identity
  2. Construct realistic ambitions and reasonable ideals
  3. Further devo of sexual identity
  4. Further devo of social identity
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5
Q

What are 3 central themes of Adolescents?

A
  1. necessity for partial disenchantment and increasing attunement of reality
  2. Endorse narcissistic solutions to life’s challenges
  3. Aggression and castration fantasies while growing into adult power
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6
Q

Puberty in early adolescents marked by:

A
  1. secondary sex characteristics
  2. Menstration by 11-14
  3. Ejaculation around 12-15
  4. Sex drive expressed via physical activity and masturbation
  5. Cognitive maturation and formation of personality
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7
Q

Ejaculation by:

A

12-15

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8
Q

Menstruation by:

A

11-14

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9
Q

What are tanner stages?

A

Physical change that occurs during puberty~ good for knowing ranges of normal

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10
Q

Small testicles/small penis
No glandular breast tissue and areolar follows contour of chest
no pubic hair

A

Tanner I: 10 and under

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11
Q

Testicles increase in size, scrotum thins/reddens and enlarges while penis stays same
Breast bud forms w/ small amount of glandular tissue and areola widens
Small amount of downy hair w/ slight pigmentation at base of penis and labia majora

A

Tanner II: 10-11.5

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12
Q

testicles increase in size, scrotum enlarges/darkens, penis increase in length to 10 cm and circumference increase

  • Increased breast size, areola and papilla make second mound projecting from breast
  • adult hair quality and goes across pubis
A

Tanner IV: 13-15

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13
Q

Testicles increase size and scrotum enlarges, penis lengthens

  • hair becomes course/curly and extends laterally
  • breast become more elevated and extend beyond border of areola which widens
A

Tanner III: 11.5-13

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14
Q

-breast become more elevated and extend beyond border of areola which widens

A

Tanner III

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15
Q

-hair becomes course/curly and extends laterally

A

Tanner III

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16
Q

Testicles increase size and scrotum enlarges, penis lengthens

A

Tanner III

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17
Q

-adult hair quality and goes across pubis

A

Tanner IV

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18
Q

-Increased breast size, areola and papilla make second mound projecting from breast

A

Tanner IV

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19
Q

testicles increase in size, scrotum enlarges/darkens, penis increase in length to 10 cm and circumference increase

A

Tanner IV

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20
Q

Testicles increase in size, scrotum thins/reddens and enlarges while penis stays same

A

Tanner II

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21
Q

Breast bud forms w/ small amount of glandular tissue and areola widens

A

Tanner II

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22
Q

Small amount of downy hair w/ slight pigmentation at base of penis and labia majora

A

Tanner II

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23
Q

Testicle Volume greater then 20 ml and penis at 15 cm

  • breast at adult size, areola returns to contour of breast w/ papilla projecting outward
  • hair extends to medial surface of thigh
A

Tanner V: 15+

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24
Q

Testicle Volume greater then 20 ml and penis at 15 cm

A

Tanner V

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25
-breast at adult size, areola returns to contour of breast w/ papilla projecting outward
Tanner V
26
-hair extends to medial surface of thigh
Tanner V
27
Qualities of Sexuality in Early adolescents
``` Girls ahead of boys Same sex friend/group activities shyness/bullying/modesty show off attitudes greater interest in privacy and masturbation concerned w/ being normal ```
28
Characteristics of Early Adolescents
SENSITIVE to opinions of peers OBEDIENT to parents Express feelings with ACTIONS not words Close FRIENDSHIPS gain importance
29
CC: Alterations in expected devo during early adolescents
-leads to psycological difficulties | issues are excessive acne, obesity, late breast devo in girls, or boobs in boys
30
Middle Adolesence Age
15-17
31
When does risk taking behavior occur
15-17 in middle adolescence
32
Characteristics of middle adolescence
More interested in gender roles Unattainable crushes Identity devo via popular fashion/music Prefer to spend time w/ friends over family
33
Risk taking behavior
During middle adolescence ready to challenge parents and feel omnipotent Education is only about obvious short term benefits over long term consequences (educating about good choices needs to focus on immediate stuff)
34
Ave age intercourse occurs
16 and most by 19
35
How many use contraceptives
Little over half
36
Why don't teens use contraceptives?
lack of access, don't think they'll get pregnant, lack of education about effective methods
37
When is late adolescents?
18-20
38
When do moral and ethical concerns devo?
late adolescents
39
What level of operations do late adolescents devo?
Formal Operations
40
Rational thinking and reasoning is deductive and futuristic (delayed gratification), morals become important and use creativity to express inner world
Formal operations
41
If Identity Crisis is not resolved, what does it lead to?
Role Confusion
42
What is role confusion?
You don't know place in world and display behavioral issues like criminality and cult activty
43
What Psycosocial devo stage are late adolescents experiencing?
Identity vs Role Diffusion
44
What characterizes Identity vs Role Diffusion
preoccupied w/ apperance struggle to devo ego identity (sense of inner sameness and continuity) Figure out which group they fit into
45
What are the dangers of role diffusion?
Doubts about sexuality and vocational identity | Identity vs: I don't know who I am
46
Goals of Identity vs role confusion
- learn who you are as INDIVIDUAL away from group | - understand own interest/abilities==leads to future planning
47
CC during Identity vs Role Diffusion
Can become rebel or robot
48
Identity Crisis is normal or not?
normal during end of adolescence
49
Failure to negotiate identity crisis
role confusion or identity confusion~ can't consolidate identity may result in running away, criminal behavior, drug/alcohol abuse/ sexual identity disorder and psychosis
50
What are characteristics of sexuality during late adolescents
concerned w/ serios relationships have clear sexual identity have capacity for tender/sensual love
51
What is the trend of teen pregnancy?
dropping significantly dropped 9% from 09 to 2010 only 34births/1000 women from age 15-19
52
Stats of 2000 for teen moms
470,000 babies for teen moms w/ 500,000 abortions
53
% chance of becoming dependent on tobacco if use it for more than a year
80%
54
Stats on Substance use
75% high school students tried alcohol and 40% have tried marijuana
55
Up to 50% of college age students met criteria for this disorde
Binge drinking
56
Risk factors for alcohol abuse/drug use
family history, depressed/ low self esteem/ kids who don't fit in
57
Axons and dendrites during late adolescents
Axons get myelinated, dendrites extend and have synaptic pruning Occurs REAR TO FRONT and corpus callosum thickens
58
What strenghtens links to frontal areas of brain?
Hippocampus
59
Brain remodeling:
better at balancing impulses, desires, goals, self-interest, rules and ethics and altruism - NOT a smooth process - Neural gawkiness
60
Frontal Lobe devo
Myelination completion improves speed of processing and shortens rxn time *Judgement/Insight/Planning/Motor Function
61
Teen Risk taking
peaks at mid adolescence, teens take more risks even though they understand consequences Teens value rewards of risk taking more then adults which may allow for adaptive edge
62
Dopamine and social rewards
Adolescents sensitivity to dopamines peaks during this age, teen respond to SOCIAL REWARDS
63
What does dopamine do?
Prime and FIRES REWARDS CIRCUITS | aids in LEARNING PATTERNS and DECISION MAKING
64
what explains teen's quickness of learning and receptivity to award
Dopamine
65
Oxytocin
brain is attuned to oxy much like it is to dopa | -makes social connections more rewarding
66
Explains why teens prefer novel company of other teens
oxytocin~ teens offer other teens more novelty then familiar family
67
When do general reward and social interactions overlap
during teens when neural networks are devo'd together
68
Peer relationships during adolescents
MAIN SHOW~ knowing/understanding and building relationships w/ peers bears critically on success
69
Peer exclusion and the brain
brain responds to peer exclusion the same way responds to physical health or food supply ~ on neural level, teens perceive social rejections as threat to existance
70
What is there prolongued plasticity and slow maturation of frontal areas?
bc speed would come at price of flexibility | the delayed completion heightens flexibility as teen confronts and enters the world
71
CC: myelination occurs too quickly
then axon branching is inhibited
72
Identity formation and Separation
must be accomplished by teen
73
Need to explore and answer questions about self
Identity formation
74
The process of creating distance btwn teens and caregivers, moving on to be responsible for self
Separation

Foundations of Human Behavior: 1 (7 decks)

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