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Anti-Anxiety > Adrenocorticosteriods > Flashcards

Adrenocorticosteriods Flashcards

1
Q

where are adrenocorticosteriods released from?

A

adrenal cortex

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2
Q

what is released by the adrenal cortex in response to the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

hydrocortisone

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3
Q

Glucocorticoids cause an increase in the circulating levels of which white blood cells?

A

neutrophils

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4
Q

for which type of oral lesion would glucocorticoids be contraindicated?

A

herpetic gingivostomatitis

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5
Q

for which type of oral lesion would glucocorticoids be contraindicated?

A

herpetic gingivostomatitis

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6
Q

what will be reduced/decreased when glucocorticoid is in excess?

A

secretion of growth hormone, bone formation, linear growth, and visceral obesity

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7
Q

what is the result when there is an excessive production of adrenocort?

A

cushings disease

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8
Q

which drug has super high potency in glucocorticoid activity?

A

Clobetasol propionate (Temovate)

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9
Q

where are corticost used most extensively in both medicine and dentistry?

A

inflammatory and allergic conditions

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10
Q

more often than not, patients with what condition do not normally require steroid supplementation for most routine dental procedures?

A

secondary adrenal insufficiency

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11
Q

without stress, the normal adult secretes approx how much hydrocortisone daily?

A

20 mg

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12
Q

when does the maximal secretion of hydrocortisone occur in the body?

A

between 4am and 8am in people with a normal schedule

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13
Q

under the influence of what hormone does the pituitary gland secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal cortex to release hydrocortisone?

A

corticotropin-releasing hormone

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14
Q

what is secreted from the pitury gland in response to corticotropin-releasing hormone?

A

ACTH

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15
Q

What are the mineralocorticoid effects of corticosteriods?

A

increased sodium retention, decreased potassium retention, edema, and hypertension

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16
Q

how are the adverse effects of glucocorticoids caused?

A

primarily an extension of their therapeutic actions

17
Q

what is addison disease caused by?

A

produced by deficiency of adrenocorticosteriods

18
Q

what is cushing syndrome caused by?

A

excess of adrenocorticosteriods

19
Q

what are the characteristics of cushing syndrome?

A

moon (round) face, muscle wasting, and buffalo hump (fat deposit on back of neck)

20
Q

patients who are on which corticosteriod regimen should be prescribed supplemental corticosteriods before a stressful dental procedure?

A

patients currently taking between 20-40 mg of hydrocortisone every day

21
Q

inhibition of phospholipase A by steriods leads to decreased production of what?

A

prostaglandins and leukotrienes

22
Q

because of the antiinflammatory action of this drug, they may decrease resistance to infection and also mask its symptoms

A

corticosteriods

23
Q

what drug may mask symptoms of an infection, but also decreases a patients ability to fight infection by suppression of the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes?

A

adrenocorticosteriods

24
Q

what are some adverse reactions of corticosteriods

A

cataracts, hypertension, congestive heart failure, osteoporosis, and they increase intraocular pressure, which may exacerbate glaucoma

25
Q

what dose of hydrocortisone would be equivalent to a 1mg dose of triamcinolone?

A

5mg oral dose

26
Q

the mucosal surfaces are more likley to have an infection and are more friable when taking these drugs?

A

adrenocorticosteriods

27
Q

what happens to endogenous corticosteriod levels in response to an especially stressful stimulus?

A

can increase tenfold

28
Q

corticosteriods reduce resistance to what?

A

infection

29
Q

is it true that supplemental steriods may be required if the patient has severe dental fears or for major surgical procedures?

A

do not need additional corticosteriods

30
Q

what occurs because of a relative lack of corticosteriods during stress?

A

adrenal crisis

31
Q

what do dental professionals need to know about adrenal crisis?

A

is a rare event in dentistry

32
Q

negative feedback involves the action of adrenocorticosteriods on what parts of the body?

A

hypothalamus and pituary gland

Anti-Anxiety (5 decks)

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