Advanced Vocab Words - Set 1

Question 1

Define:

temerity

(tuh-mer-i-tee)

Answer 1

n. reckless confidence

The temerity of the pirate crew cost them their ship.

Root: temer (from Latin temere, meaning “rashly” or “recklessly”)

Question 2

Define:

depredate

(dep-rih-deyt)

Answer 2

v. to plunder, pillage, destroy

v. to exploit

The Vikings depredated the whole valley.

Prefix: de- (from Latin, meaning “down” or “away”), Root: pred (from Latin praedari, meaning “to plunder”)

Question 3

Define:

genuflect

(djen-yoo-flekt)

Answer 3

v. to bend knee to ground (as in worship)

v. to grovel

The king’s subjects genuflected when he entered the room.

Root: genuflect (from Latin genu, meaning “knee” and flectere, meaning “to bend”)

Question 4

Define:

wend

(wend)

Answer 4

v. to go, proceed, walk

We wended our way through the market.

Root: wend (from Old English wendan, meaning “to turn” or “to go”)

Question 5

Define:

pelagic

(puh-ladj-ik)

Answer 5

adj. relating to open seas rather than waters adjacent to land

The pelagic organism was only found in the deepest part of the ocean.

Root: pelag (from Greek pelagos, meaning “sea”)

Question 6

Define:

froward

(froh-werd)

Answer 6

adj. intractable, stubbornly disobedient, difficult to manage

The froward mule sat down and refused to move all afternoon.

Prefix: fro- (an old variant of “from”); Root: ward (indicating direction or tendency)

Question 7

Define:

punctilious

(puhngk-til-ee-uhs)

Answer 7

adj. precise, paying attention to trivialities of etiquette

A secretary who punctiliously records every detail.

Root: punct (from Latin punctum, meaning “point”); Suffix: -ilious (indicating having the quality of)

Question 8

Define:

aphorism

(af-uh-riz-uhm)

Answer 8

n. a tersely phrased truth or opinion; adage; epigram

n. a brief statement of principle; or general truth

The children had finally learned the meaning of the aphorism “You can’t have your cake and eat it too”.

Root: aphor (from Greek aphorizein, meaning “to define”); Suffix: -ism (indicating a practice or system)

Question 9

Define:

purloin

(per-loin, per-loin)

Answer 9

v. to steal

The manipulative thief purloined the diamonds after gaining the confidence of their location.

Prefix: pur- (from Old French pur, meaning “for”); Root: loin (from Old French loigner, meaning “to remove”)

Question 10

Define:

esoteric

(es-uh-ter-ik)

Answer 10

adj. intended for or understood only by a particular group

adj. not publicly disclosed; confidential

The esoteric ideas of the cult failed to enlighten many outsiders.

Root: esoter (from Greek esoterikos, meaning “inner” or “within”)

Question 11

Define:

succor

(suhk-er)

Answer 11

n. relief during a time of struggle

The Red Cross provides succor to refugees in emergency shelters.

Root: succor (from Latin succurrere, meaning “to run to help”)

Question 12

Define:

protean

(proh-tee-uhn)

Answer 12

adj. readily assuming different forms or characters, versatile

Fans regarded the protean actress as capable of playing any role.

Root: Proteus (from Greek mythology, a sea god known for changing shape)

Question 13

Define:

callous

(kal-uhs)

Answer 13

adj. insensitive; having no feeling

The callous remark upset the entire family.

Root: call (from Latin callum, meaning “hard skin”)

Question 14

Define:

proscribe

(proh-skrahyb)

Answer 14

v. to prohibit or forbid as harmful or unlawful

Citizens pushed to proscribe swimming in the polluted lake.

Prefix: pro- (indicating forward or forth); Root: scribe (from Latin scribere, meaning “to write”)

Question 15

Define:

denouement

(dey-noo-mahn)

Answer 15

n. an outcome or solution to a complex series of events

Though public interest slackened after the arsonist was caught, the denouement of the case was just as interesting as the manhunt that had preceded it.

Root: noue (from Latin nodare, meaning “to knot”); Prefix: de- (indicating removal or reversal)

Question 16

Define:

supercilious

(soo-per-sill-ee-uhs)

Answer 16

adj. arrogant, overbearing; displaying condescending superiority over someone else

His supercilious behavior drove away many of his peers.

Prefix: super- (meaning “above” or “over”); Root: cili (from Latin cilium, meaning “eyelid”)

Question 17

Define:

parley

(pahr-lee)

Answer 17

n. discussion between enemies, often to prepare terms of surrender

The longtime enemies held a parley to work on peace negotiations.

Root: parler (from French, meaning “to speak”)

Question 18

Define:

apoplectic

(ap-uh-plek-tik)

Answer 18

adj. furious; enraged; overcome with anger

When Jim found out he was fired, he apoplectically stormed out of the office.

Root: apoplex (from Greek apoplexia, meaning “a seizure”); Suffix: -tic (indicating pertaining to)

Question 19

Define:

simper

(sim-per)

Answer 19

v. to say with a coy smile; to smirk

Dave simpered a feeble attempt at an apology.

Root: simper (from Middle English simperen, meaning “to smile”)

Question 20

Define:

miscegenation

(mih-sedj-uh-ney-shuhn)

Answer 20

n. the interbreeding of different races

n. any mixture or hybrid

Miscegenation, the intermarriage or mixing of different racial groups, was historically met with social and legal barriers in many societies. But today, miscegenation is widely accepted in many societies, and interracial relationships are common and often celebrated as a sign of cultural diversity and tolerance.

Prefix: misc- (from Latin miscere, meaning “to mix”); Root: gen (from Latin genus, meaning “race” or “kind”); Suffix: -ation (indicating an action or process)

Question 21

Which vocabulary word means the following?

n. recklessness

Hint: starts with “t”

Answer 21

temerity

synonyms: arrogance, brashness, foolhardiness, audacity, impudence

His temerity in challenging the seasoned lawyer surprised everyone in the courtroom.

Question 22

Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.

The invaders ________ the village, leaving little behind.

Hint: The word starts with ‘d’.

Answer 22

depredate

v. to plunder, pillage, destroy

v. to exploit

Question 23

Which vocabulary word means the following?

v. to bend knee to ground (as in worship)

v. to grovel

Hint: starts with “g”

Answer 23

genuflect

synonyms: kneel, beg, bow, prostrate, submit

The faithful genuflect before the altar during the ceremony.

He would rather leave the company than genuflect to the unreasonable demands of his boss.

Question 24

Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.

After the meeting, she ________ her way through the crowded streets back home.

Hint: The word starts with ‘w’.

Answer 24

wend

v. to go, proceed, walk

Question 25

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. relating to open seas rather than waters adjacent to land

Answer 25

pelagic | (puh-**ladj**-ik) ## Footnote synonyms: aquatic, oceanic, marine, deep-sea, oceanic The _pelagic_ fish are adapted to life far from the shores, swimming in the deep ocean.

Question 26

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ child refused to listen to any instructions from his teacher. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'f'.*

Answer 26

froward ## Footnote adj. intractable, stubbornly disobedient, difficult to manage

Question 27

# Which of your vocabulary words means the following? adj. precise, paying attention to trivialities of etiquette ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "p"*

Answer 27

punctilious ## Footnote synonyms: meticulous, careful, finicky, scrupulous, exacting, detailed She was _punctilious_ about every detail of the formal dinner, ensuring everything was perfect.

Question 28

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. His speech was filled with insightful \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ that resonated with the audience. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 28

aphorism ## Footnote n. a tersely phrased truth or opinion; adage; epigram n. a brief statement of principle; or general truth

Question 29

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to steal ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "p"*

Answer 29

purloin | (per-**loin**, **per**-loin) ## Footnote synonyms: burglarize, cheat, swindle, filch, pilfer, take The thief managed to _purloin_ several valuable paintings from the gallery.

Question 30

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The professor’s \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ lecture was difficult for those unfamiliar with the subject. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'e'.*

Answer 30

esoteric ## Footnote adj. intended for or understood only by a particular group adj. not publicly disclosed; confidential

Question 31

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. relief during a time of struggle ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "s"*

Answer 31

succor ## Footnote synonyms: aid, comfort, refuge, support, assistance, help The refugees sought _succor_ in neighboring countries after fleeing the conflict.

Question 32

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. His \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ talent allowed him to excel in both acting and directing. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*

Answer 32

protean ## Footnote adj. readily assuming different forms or characters, versatile

Question 33

# Which of your vocabulary words means the following? adj. insensitive; having no feeling ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "c"*

Answer 33

callous ## Footnote synonyms: soulless, cruel, heartless, unfeeling, unsympathetic Her _callous_ remarks about the disaster shocked everyone.

Question 34

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The government decided to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the use of certain chemicals due to their harmful effects. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*

Answer 34

proscribe ## Footnote v. to prohibit or forbid as harmful or unlawful

Question 35

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. an outcome or solution to a complex series of events ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 35

denouement ## Footnote synonyms: finale, final achievement, resolution, conclusion, outcome The _denouement_ of the mystery novel tied together all the loose ends.

Question 36

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. Her \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ attitude made her unpopular among her colleagues. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 's'.*

Answer 36

supercilious ## Footnote adj. arrogant, overbearing; displaying condescending superiority over someone else

Question 37

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. discussion between enemies, often to prepare terms of surrender ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "p"*

Answer 37

parley ## Footnote synonyms: conference, mediation, negotiation, dialogue, discussion The generals held a _parley_ to negotiate the terms of the ceasefire.

Question 38

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. He became \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ when he discovered the mistake in the report. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 38

apoplectic ## Footnote adj. furious; enraged; overcome with anger adj. relating to a stroke

Question 39

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to say with a coy smile; to smirk ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "s"*

Answer 39

simper ## Footnote synonyms: grin, leer, sneer, smirk, smirk, smile coyly She _simpered_ at the compliment, clearly enjoying the attention.

Question 40

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The laws against \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ were finally repealed in the 20th century. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'm'.*

Answer 40

miscegenation ## Footnote n. the interbreeding of different races n. any mixture or hybrid

Question 41

# Define: androgynous | (an-**drodj**-uh-nuhs)

Answer 41

adj. not distinguishable between male and female ## Footnote The name Sam is _androgynous_ because it could stand for Samantha or Samuel. Prefix: *andro-* (from Greek *anēr*, meaning "man"); Suffix: *-gynous* (from Greek *gynē*, meaning "woman")

Question 42

# Define: covey | (**kuhv**-ee)

Answer 42

n. a family of partridges n. a small group ## Footnote Outside the classroom was a _covey_ of giggling schoolgirls. Root: *cov-* (from Middle English *covee*, meaning "brood of birds")

Question 43

# Define: supine | (adj. soo-**pahyn**)

Answer 43

adj. inactive, lying on one's back apathetically adj. morally slack ## Footnote The officials exhibited a _supine_ acceptance of corruption. Root: *supin-* (from Latin *supinus*, meaning "lying on the back")

Question 44

# Define: cozen | (**kuhz**-uhn)

Answer 44

v. to cheat, beguile, or deceive ## Footnote The corrupt televangelist _cozened_ money from viewers by lying about charitable intentions. Root: *coz-* (from Italian *cozzonare*, meaning "to cheat")

Question 45

# Define: limpid | (**lim**-pid)

Answer 45

adj. calm, untroubled, serene adj. transparent, clear (as of water, air, or crystal) ## Footnote The family flew a kite down by the _limpid_ blue pond. Root: *limp-* (from Latin *limpidus*, meaning "clear")

Question 46

# Define: refulgent | (rih-**fuhl**-juhnt)

Answer 46

adj. shining radiantly; brilliant ## Footnote The _refulgent_ palace seemed out of place amid the poverty of the villages surrounding it. Prefix: *re-* (from Latin, meaning "again" or "back"); Root: *fulg-* (from Latin *fulgere*, meaning "to shine")

Question 47

# Define: phlegmatic | (fleg-**mat**-ik)

Answer 47

adj. hard to excite, calm, sluggish adj. unemotional, stoic ## Footnote Pete's _phlegmatic_ response was difficult for his friends to read. Root: *phlegm-* (from Greek *phlegma*, meaning "inflammation" or "phlegm")

Question 48

# Define: attenuate | (uh-**ten**-yoo-eyt)

Answer 48

v. to weaken or reduce in force or value v. to make small or fine ## Footnote The medicine _attenuated_ the fever's effect. Prefix: *at-* (from Latin *ad-*, meaning "to"); Root: *tenu-* (from Latin *tenuis*, meaning "thin")

Question 49

# Define: disingenuous | (diss-in-**djen**-yoo-uhs)

Answer 49

adj. lacking in sincerity or candor ## Footnote When the oil prospector's promises were discovered to be _disingenuous_, he was run out of town. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "not"); Root: *ingenu-* (from Latin *ingenuus*, meaning "natural" or "honest")

Question 50

# Define: epistle | (uh-**piss**-uhl)

Answer 50

n. a written message, usually a formal letter ## Footnote The _epistle_ was hand-delivered by a confidant in order to avoid interception. Root: *epist-* (from Greek *epistole*, meaning "letter")

Question 51

# Define: factitious | (fak-**tish**-uhs)

Answer 51

adj. produced artificially; not natural adj. fake ## Footnote The _factitious_ laughter of insincere talk show hosts makes my skin crawl. Root: *fact-* (from Latin *facere*, meaning "to make"); Suffix: *-itious* (indicating a tendency or quality)

Question 52

# Define: pied | (**pahyd**)

Answer 52

adj. containing patches of two or more colors, usually in blotches ## Footnote The jester's _pied_ coat was stitched together from scraps of blue and red fabric. Root: *pie-* (from Middle English *pied*, meaning "having patches of two or more colors")

Question 53

# Define: militate | (**mill**-ih-teyt)

Answer 53

v. to have substantial weight on preventing; to argue against; discourage. ## Footnote The volatility of the situation _militated_ against any rash action. Root: *milit-* (from Latin *militare*, meaning "to serve as a soldier")

Question 54

# Define: Stygian | (**stidj**-ee-uhn)

Answer 54

adj. dark, gloomy, dismal adj. infernal, hellish ## Footnote The _stygian_ murk of the cave made it difficult to navigate. Root: *Styg-* (from Greek *Styx*, meaning "the river Styx")

Question 55

# Define: gainsay | (**geyn**-sey)

Answer 55

v. to declare false v. to deny v. to contradict or claim exception to ## Footnote Evidence and witness testimony all _gainsaid_ the defendant's claims. Prefix: *gain-* (from Old English *gean-,* meaning "against"); Root: *say* (from Old English *secgan*, meaning "to say")

Question 56

# Define: palliate | (**pal**-ee-eyt)

Answer 56

v. to make something appear less serious; to mitigate; to alleviate ## Footnote The student tried to _palliate_ the significance of his plagiarism. Root: *palli-* (from Latin *palliare*, meaning "to cloak"); Suffix: *-ate* (used to form verbs)

Question 57

# Define: nostrum | (**nos**-truhm)

Answer 57

n. cure-all, questionable remedy, or a placebo ## Footnote An ad on television depicted a _nostrum_ that claims to cure hangovers. Root: *nostr-* (from Latin *nostrum*, meaning "our" or "our own")

Question 58

# Define: obstreperous | (uhb-**strep**-er-uhs)

Answer 58

adj. unruly, noisy, loudly stubborn ## Footnote The _obstreperous_ two-year-old cried the entire train ride. Prefix: *ob-* (from Latin, meaning "against"); Root: *streper-* (from Latin *strepere*, meaning "to make a noise")

Question 59

# Define: precocious | (prih-**koh**-shuhs)

Answer 59

adj. unusually quick development or maturation, especially in intelligence ## Footnote The child's _precocious_ understanding of calculus stunned his teachers. Prefix: *pre-* (from Latin, meaning "before"); Root: *coc-* (from Latin *coquere*, meaning "to cook" or "to ripen")

Question 60

# Define: regale | (rih-**geyl**)

Answer 60

v. to entertain; to supply lavishly ## Footnote Steve _regaled_ his guests with exciting tales. Root: *regal-* (from Old French *regaler*, meaning "to entertain or feast")

Question 61

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. hermaphroditic adj. not distinguishable between male and female ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 61

androgynous | (an-**drodj**-uh-nuhs) ## Footnote synonyms: cross-sexual, unisexual, trans-sexual, gender-neutral, ambiguous The creature in the myth was portrayed as _androgynous_, embodying both male and female traits. The _androgynous_ fashion trend blurred traditional gender lines in clothing.

Question 62

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. We spotted a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of partridges in the field during our hike. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'c'.*

Answer 62

covey ## Footnote n. a family of partridges n. a small group

Question 63

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. inactive, lying on one's back apathetically adj. morally slack ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "s"*

Answer 63

supine ## Footnote synonyms: lying down, flat; apathetic, lazy, prostrate, recumbent He lay _supine_ on the couch, unwilling to do anything productive. The government’s _supine_ attitude towards corruption allowed it to flourish.

Question 64

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The con artist \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ people into giving him their life savings. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'c'.*

Answer 64

cozen ## Footnote v. to cheat, beguile, or deceive

Question 65

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. calm, untroubled, serene adj. transparent, clear (as of water, air, or crystal) ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "l"*

Answer 65

limpid ## Footnote synonyms: tranquil, peaceful; glassy, translucent, clear, unclouded, bright The _limpid_ expression on her face showed she wasn’t worried at all. The _limpid_ water of the lake made it easy to see the fish swimming below.

Question 66

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ glow of the setting sun bathed the landscape in golden light. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'r'.*

Answer 66

refulgent ## Footnote adj. shining radiantly; brilliant

Question 67

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. hard to excite, calm, sluggish adj. unemotional, stoic ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "p"*

Answer 67

phlegmatic ## Footnote synonyms: apathetic, dispassionate, lethargic, unemotional, placid, indifferent His _phlegmatic_ response to the exciting news surprised everyone. The _phlegmatic_ soldier remained composed even in the face of danger.

Question 68

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The long drought \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the strength of the river’s current. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 68

attenuate ## Footnote v. to weaken or reduce in force or value v. to make small or fine

Question 69

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. lacking in sincerity or candor ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 69

disingenuous ## Footnote synonyms: dishonest, crooked, deceitful, duplicitous, insincere His _disingenuous_ apology did little to mend the rift between them.

Question 70

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The scholar wrote an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to his colleagues, detailing his latest findings. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'e'.*

Answer 70

epistle ## Footnote n. a written message, usually a formal letter

Question 71

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. produced artificially; not natural adj. fake ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "f"*

Answer 71

factitious ## Footnote synonyms: artificial, false, sham, manufactured, synthetic, spurious The diamonds in the necklace were _factitious_ but still looked stunning. His _factitious_ enthusiasm at the event was apparent to everyone.

Question 72

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ horse stood out with its distinct black and white markings. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*

Answer 72

pied ## Footnote adj. containing patches of two or more colors, usually in blotches

Question 73

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to have substantial weight or bearing on; to argue for or against ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "m"*

Answer 73

militate ## Footnote synonyms: weigh, important, influential, affect, contribute, determine The evidence presented in the trial will _militate_ heavily against the defendant.

Question 74

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The forest at night had a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ atmosphere, making it feel eerie and foreboding. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 's'.*

Answer 74

Stygian ## Footnote adj. dark, gloomy, dismal adj. infernal, hellish

Question 75

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to declare false v. to deny v. to contradict or claim exception to ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "g"*

Answer 75

gainsay ## Footnote synonyms: deny, disaffirm, disprove, contradict, refute, challenge No one could _gainsay_ the facts presented in the report. It was difficult to _gainsay_ her argument given the strong data backing it up.

Question 76

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The doctor prescribed medication to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the symptoms of the disease. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*

Answer 76

palliate ## Footnote v. to make something appear less serious; to mitigate; to alleviate

Question 77

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. cure-all, questionable remedy, or a placebo ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "n"*

Answer 77

nostrum ## Footnote synonyms: elixir, quick fix, aid, remedy, potion, fix The herbalist claimed to have a _nostrum_ for every ailment, but none of them worked.

Question 78

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ crowd refused to leave, even after the event was over. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'o'.*

Answer 78

obstreperous ## Footnote adj. unruly, noisy, loudly stubborn

Question 79

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. unusually quick development or maturation, especially in intelligence ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "p"*

Answer 79

precocious ## Footnote synonyms: advanced, developed, quick, intelligent, mature, ahead of one's years, gifted The _precocious_ child was reading at a college level by the age of 10.

Question 80

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the guests with stories of his adventures abroad. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'r'.*

Answer 80

regale ## Footnote v. to entertain; to feast

Question 81

# Define: ambit | (**am**-bit)

Answer 81

n. the extent, boundary or scope of something ## Footnote Though I find her actions reprehensible, she was acting within the _ambit_ of the law and so my hands are tied. Root: *ambi* (from Latin *ambitus*, meaning "going around")

Question 82

# Define: apostate | (uh-**poss**-teyt)

Answer 82

n. one who abandons a belief, cause, party or religion ## Footnote The _apostate_ is dealt with very harshly in many religious traditions. Prefix: *apo-* (from Greek, meaning "away from")

Question 83

# Define: sophistry | (**sof**-uh-stree)

Answer 83

n. fallacious reasoning; faulty, although plausible, logic ## Footnote The students were quickly convinced by the professor's _sophistry_ and did not inquire further. Root: *soph* (from Greek *sophos*, meaning "wise")

Question 84

# Define: perspicuity | (purr-spih-**kyoo**-ih-tee)

Answer 84

n. clarity or perceptiveness in speech, thought, or writing ## Footnote The _perspicuity_ of the writing made a complicated topic easy for all to understand. Root: *spec* (from Latin *specere*, meaning "to look")

Question 85

# Define: enjoin | (en-**join**)

Answer 85

v. to command or direct an action with authority v. to prohibit or forbid an action ## Footnote The captain _enjoined_ his men to respect the local laws while on shore leave. Prefix: *en-* (from Latin, meaning "in" or "on")

Question 86

# Define: fulsome | (**fool**-suhm)

Answer 86

adj. offensively flattering or insincere. adj. offensive to the taste adj. generous or abundant ## Footnote I prefer Sara's sincere criticism to all the _fulsome_ praise I receive from Deb. Suffix: *-some* (from Old English, meaning "characterized by")

Question 87

# Define: imprecation | (im-prih-**key**-shuhn)

Answer 87

n. a curse ## Footnote The witch cast an _imprecation_ on the villagers. Prefix: *im-* (from Latin, meaning "in" or "upon"), Root: *prec* (from Latin *precari*, meaning "to pray")

Question 88

# Define: extenuate | (ik-**sten**-yoo-eyt)

Answer 88

v. to lessen the magnitude or seriousness of; to mitigate ## Footnote The prisoner's illness may _extenuate_ the conditions of his captivity, but it shall not lead me to order his early release. Prefix: *ex-* (from Latin, meaning "out"), Root: *tenu* (from Latin *tenuis*, meaning "thin")

Question 89

# Define: ineluctable | (in-ih-**luhk**-tuh-buhl)

Answer 89

adj. certain, inevitable, unavoidable ## Footnote A hectic lifestyle seems to be the _ineluctable_ product of modernity. Prefix: *in-* (from Latin, meaning "not"), Root: *eluct* (from Latin *eluctari*, meaning "to struggle out")

Question 90

# Define: vitiate | (**vish**-ee-eyt)

Answer 90

v. to reduce the quality of v. to corrupt ## Footnote The tear in the painting _vitiated_ its overall appeal and halved its appraisal cost. Root: *vit* (from Latin *vitium*, meaning "fault" or "defect")

Question 91

# Define: turpitude | (**tur**-pih-tood)

Answer 91

n. depravity, baseness n. a vile act ## Footnote Because of stealing, he was dismissed on grounds of moral _turpitude_. Root: *turp* (from Latin *turpis*, meaning "shameful")

Question 92

# Define: plaintive | (**pleyn**-tiv)

Answer 92

adj. mournful, sorrowful, melancholy ## Footnote The procession was led by the _plaintive_ strains of the bagpipe. Root: *plaint* (from Latin *plangere*, meaning "to lament")

Question 93

# Define: pertinacious | (purt-n-**ey**-shuhs)

Answer 93

adj. holding tenaciously to a belief adj. stubbornly unyielding ## Footnote Her _pertinacious_ devotion to the debunked theory led her to be marginalized in the scientific community. Prefix: *per-* (from Latin, meaning "thoroughly"), Root: *ten* (from Latin *tenere*, meaning "to hold")

Question 94

# Define: recreant | (**rek**-ree-uhnt)

Answer 94

adj. unfaithful, disloyal to belief or principle adj. cowardly or craven n. one who is a coward, unfaithful, or disloyal ## Footnote The _recreant_ knight ran from the battle. Prefix: *re-* (from Latin, meaning "again" or "back"), Root: *cred* (from Latin *credere*, meaning "to believe")

Question 95

# Define: adduce | (uh-**doos**)

Answer 95

v. to offer as proof in an argument ## Footnote Seth _adduced_ several recent studies in support of his hypothesis. Prefix: *ad-* (from Latin, meaning "to"), Root: *duc* (from Latin *ducere*, meaning "to lead")

Question 96

# Define: traduce | (truh-**doos**)

Answer 96

v. to slander or speak maliciously of ## Footnote As a "green energy" campaigner, I distrust politicians who habitually _traduce_ the motivations of environmentalists. Prefix: *tra-* (variant of *trans-*, from Latin, meaning "across"), Root: *duc* (from Latin *ducere*, meaning "to lead")

Question 97

# Define: apposite | (**app**-uh-zit)

Answer 97

adj. relevant, suitable, or fitting ## Footnote Though clever, Dmitry's pun was not _apposite_ to the solemn occasion. Prefix: *ap-* (variant of *ad-*, from Latin, meaning "to"), Root: *posit* (from Latin *ponere*, meaning "to place")

Question 98

# Define: discursive | (diss-**kurr**-siv)

Answer 98

adj. rambling aimlessly through a wide range of subjects. ## Footnote The poor speaker gave a rambling, _discursive_ speech. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart"), Root: *cur* (from Latin *currere*, meaning "to run")

Question 99

# Define: avocation | (av-uh-**key**-shuhn)

Answer 99

n. an extracurricular activity; a hobby ## Footnote My favorite _avocation_ is playing baseball in the summertime. Prefix: *a-* (variant of *ab-*, from Latin, meaning "away from"), Root: *voc* (from Latin *vocare*, meaning "to call")

Question 100

# Define: adumbrate | (uh-**duhm**-breyt)

Answer 100

v. to foreshadow vaguely v. to produce a faint outline or resemblance of something ## Footnote The first volume merely _adumbrates_ the basics of the story to be developed in the next two books. Prefix: *ad-* (from Latin, meaning "to"), Root: *umbr* (from Latin *umbra*, meaning "shadow")

Question 101

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. the extent, boundary or scope of something ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 101

ambit ## Footnote synonyms: compass, extension, range, scope, reach, limits The discussion remained within the _ambit_ of the assigned topics for the meeting.

Question 102

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ was shunned by his former comrades after leaving the movement. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 102

apostate ## Footnote n. one who abandons a belief, cause, party or religion

Question 103

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. fallacious reasoning; faulty, although plausible, logic ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "s"*

Answer 103

sophistry ## Footnote synonyms: fallacy, inconsistency, misleading argument, specious reasoning The politician's argument was nothing more than _sophistry_, designed to mislead the public.

Question 104

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of her speech made even the most complex ideas easy to understand. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*

Answer 104

perspicuity ## Footnote n. clarity or perceptiveness in speech, thought, or writing

Question 105

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to command or direct an action with authority v. to prohibit or forbid an action ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "e"*

Answer 105

enjoin ## Footnote synonyms: order, command; disallow, outlaw, dictate, direct, mandate The court _enjoined_ the company to halt its illegal practices immediately. The rules _enjoin_ students from bringing their phones to class.

Question 106

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. His \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ praise made everyone uncomfortable, as it felt exaggerated and fake. ## Footnote Hint: The word starts with 'f'.

Answer 106

fulsome ## Footnote adj. offensively flattering or insincere. adj. offensive to the taste

Question 107

# Which of your vocabulary words means the following? n. a curse ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "i"*

Answer 107

imprecation ## Footnote synonyms: spell, hex, malediction, anathema, curse The angry witch muttered an _imprecation_ under her breath as she walked away.

Question 108

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The lawyer tried to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the defendant's actions by highlighting his difficult upbringing. ## Footnote Hint: The word starts with 'e'.

Answer 108

extenuate ## Footnote v. to lessen the magnitude or seriousness of; to mitigate

Question 109

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. certain, inevitable, unavoidable ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "i"*

Answer 109

ineluctable ## Footnote synonyms: inescapable, destined, inevitable, unavoidable, certain The _ineluctable_ passage of time affects everyone, no matter their status.

Question 110

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. His repeated lies \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the credibility of his testimony. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'v'.*

Answer 110

vitiate ## Footnote v. to reduce the quality of v. to corrupt

Question 111

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. depravity, baseness n. a vile act ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "t"*

Answer 111

turpitude ## Footnote synonyms: depravity, baseness, wickedness, immorality, corruption The _turpitude_ of the criminal’s actions shocked the entire community. His _turpitude_ was evident when he betrayed his own family for money.

Question 112

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ melody of the violin expressed a deep sense of loss. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*

Answer 112

plaintive ## Footnote adj. mournful, sorrowful, melancholy

Question 113

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. holding tenaciously to a belief adj. stubbornly unyielding ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "p"*

Answer 113

pertinacious ## Footnote synonyms: stubbornly unyielding, tenacious, persistent, dogged, resolute The _pertinacious_ activist refused to back down, despite the opposition. His _pertinacious_ nature made it difficult to convince him to change his mind.

Question 114

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ knight abandoned his comrades in their hour of need. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'r'.*

Answer 114

recreant ## Footnote adj. unfaithful, disloyal to belief or principle adj. cowardly or craven n. one who is a coward, unfaithful, or disloyal

Question 115

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to offer as proof in an argument ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 115

adduce ## Footnote synonyms: introduce, exhibit, cite, bring forward, present, mention The lawyer _adduced_ several pieces of evidence to support her client's innocence.

Question 116

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. He was quick to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ his rivals, spreading false rumors to damage their reputations. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 't'.*

Answer 116

traduce ## Footnote v. to slander or speak maliciously of

Question 117

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. relevant, suitable, or fitting ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 117

apposite ## Footnote synonyms: pertinent, timely, appropriate, fitting, applicable, relevant His _apposite_ remarks during the meeting helped to clarify the situation.

Question 118

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. His \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ lecture covered topics ranging from philosophy to pop culture. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*

Answer 118

discursive ## Footnote adj. rambling aimlessly through a wide range of subjects adj. drawing conclusions based on reason (as opposed to intuition)

Question 119

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. an extracurricular activity; a hobby ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 119

avocation ## Footnote synonyms: hobby, recreation, pastime, interest, pursuit, diversion Her _avocation_ of painting provided a creative outlet outside of her day job.

Question 120

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The author \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the tragic ending early in the novel. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 120

adumbrate ## Footnote v. to foreshadow vaguely v. to produce a faint outline or resemblance of something

Question 121

# Define: alchemy | (**al**-kuh-me)

Answer 121

n. the medieval study of transforming lead into gold ## Footnote Although it was never proven possible, _alchemy_ is in many ways related to the chemistry we study today. Prefix: *al-* (from Arabic, meaning "the"); Root: *chem* (from Greek *khemia*, meaning "art of transmuting metals")

Question 122

# Define: allege | (uh-**ledge**)

Answer 122

v. to state that something is true without providing proof ## Footnote The neighbors _alleged_ that it was the store owner who started the fire, but it turned out that he had been out of town after speaking with him. Prefix: *al-* (from Latin *ad-*, meaning "to"); Root: *leg* (from Latin *legare*, meaning "to send" or "to bring")

Question 123

# Define: allude | (uh-**lewd**)

Answer 123

v. to refer to another concept indirectly ## Footnote She would occasionally _allude_ to a summer house, though nobody knew exactly where it was. Prefix: *al-* (from Latin *ad-*, meaning "to"); Root: *lud* (from Latin *ludere*, meaning "to play")

Question 124

# Define: altruism | (**al-**true-iz-um)

Answer 124

n. selfless concern for others ## Footnote Many charities were formed thanks to Rajiv's _altruism_ and generosity. Root: *altr* (from Latin *alter*, meaning "other")

Question 125

# Define: ambivalence | (am-**biv**-uh-lunce)

Answer 125

n. confused or contradicting feelings ## Footnote The bride's _ambivalence_ towards the color of the roses meant the groom had to decide. Prefix: *ambi-* (from Latin, meaning "both"); Root: *val* (from Latin *valere*, meaning "to be strong")

Question 126

# Define: amble | (**am**-bul)

Answer 126

v. to walk slowly ## Footnote The old man _ambled_ over to our table and started up a conversation. Root: *ambul* (from Latin *ambulare*, meaning "to walk")

Question 127

# Define: ameliorate | (uh-**meal**-yuh-rate)

Answer 127

v. to make better ## Footnote The new medicine _ameliorated_ her condition rather quickly. Prefix: *a-* (from Latin *ad-*, meaning "to"); Root: *melior* (from Latin, meaning "better")

Question 128

# Define: amenable | (uh-**men**-ih-bull)

Answer 128

adj. open to suggestion or criticism adj. accountable ## Footnote A good manager is _amenable_ to his employee's new ideas. Prefix: *a-* (from Latin *ad-*, meaning "to"); Root: *men* (from Latin *minari*, meaning "to threaten")

Question 129

# Define: analgesic | (ann-ul-**djee**-zick)

Answer 129

n. pain reliever ## Footnote After the surgery, the doctor prescribed an _analgesic_ for her patient's leg. Prefix: *an-* (from Greek, meaning "without"); Root: *alg* (from Greek *algos*, meaning "pain")

Question 130

# Define: anecdote | (**ann**-ik-dote)

Answer 130

n. a story of a specific incident, used as an example or for entertainment ## Footnote The actor's acceptance speech included an _anecdote_ about his first audition. Prefix: *an-* (from Greek, meaning "not"); Root: *ecdote* (from Greek *ekdotos*, meaning "published")

Question 131

# Define: annul | (uh-**null**)

Answer 131

v. to declare invalid ## Footnote The couple had their marriage _annulled_ when it was revealed that the groom was still married to another woman. Prefix: *an-* (from Latin *ad-*, meaning "to"); Root: *nul* (from Latin *nullus*, meaning "none")

Question 132

# Define: didactic | (die-**dak-**tick)

Answer 132

adj. overly instructive, educational ## Footnote He may mean well, but Pat's efforts to help came across as fussy and _didactic_. Root: *didact* (from Greek *didaktikos*, meaning "apt at teaching")

Question 133

# Define: diffident | (**diff**-ih-dunt)

Answer 133

adj. lacking confidence; restrained or reserved ## Footnote Since it was her first day, Lucy ventured only _diffident_ answers to her superiors' requests for input. Prefix: *dif-* (from Latin *dis-*, meaning "apart"); Root: *fid* (from Latin *fidere*, meaning "to trust")

Question 134

# Define: diffuse | (v. dih-**fewz**; adj. dih-**fewss**)

Answer 134

v. to spread out adj. widely spread, scattered adj. wordy and rambling ## Footnote Such a _diffuse_ network of law enforcement will not be able to eliminate all instances of crime. Prefix: *dif-* (from Latin *dis-*, meaning "apart"); Root: *fus* (from Latin *fundere*, meaning "to pour")

Question 135

# Define: dilapidated | (dih-**lap**-ih-date-id)

Answer 135

adj. ruined, worn down ## Footnote The abandoned house was _dilapidated_ from years of neglect. Prefix: *di-* (from Latin *dis-*, meaning "apart"); Root: *lapid* (from Latin *lapis*, meaning "stone")

Question 136

# Define: dilate | (**die-**late)

Answer 136

v. to widen or enlarge v. to give a long speech on a subject ## Footnote The eye drops _dilated_ his pupils so the eye doctor could better examine them. Prefix: *di-* (from Latin *dis-*, meaning "apart"); Root: *lat* (from Latin *latus*, meaning "wide")

Question 137

# Define: dilettante | (**dill**-ih-tont)

Answer 137

n. a person with an interest in a topic without really commiting n. a patron of the arts ## Footnote The dance school accepted *_dilettante_*s as well as trained professionals. Root: *dilett* (from Italian *dilettare*, meaning "to delight")

Question 138

# Define: dirge | (**durge**)

Answer 138

n. a mournful song ## Footnote We heard a chorus singing a _dirge_ as the funeral procession began. Root: *dirg* (from Latin *dirigere*, meaning "to direct")

Question 139

# Define: disabuse | (diss-uh-**bewz**)

Answer 139

v. to free from a misconception or error in thought ## Footnote Luke made it his goal to _disabuse_ his students of the notion that they didn't need to work hard to do well. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart"); Root: *abuse* (from Latin *abuti*, meaning "to misuse")

Question 140

# Define: disaffect | (diss-uh-**fect**)

Answer 140

v. to make someone lose loyalty or affection ## Footnote Her attention-seeking behavior _disaffected_ many of her classmates. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart"); Root: *affect* (from Latin *affectus*, meaning "emotion")

Question 141

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. the medieval study of transforming lead into gold ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 141

alchemy ## Footnote synonyms: sorcery, wizardry, medieval science, magical transformation, mysticism, theurgy Medieval scientists pursued _alchemy_, hoping to turn base metals into gold.

Question 142

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. He \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ that the company was involved in illegal activities, but no evidence was presented. ## Footnote Hint: The word starts with 'a'.

Answer 142

allege ## Footnote v. to state that something is true without providing proof

Question 143

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to refer to another concept indirectly ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 143

allude ## Footnote synonyms: bring up, imply, mention, hint at, suggest, insinuate The author _alluded_ to a famous historical event in the opening chapter of the novel.

Question 144

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. Her decision to volunteer at the shelter was an act of pure \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 144

altruism ## Footnote n. selfless concern for others

Question 145

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. confused or contradicting feelings ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 145

ambivalence ## Footnote synonyms: confusion, dilemma, hesitation, uncertainty, mixed feelings, conflict His _ambivalence_ about moving to a new city made the decision difficult.

Question 146

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. They \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ along the park path, enjoying the sunny afternoon. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 146

amble ## Footnote v. to walk slowly

Question 147

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to make better ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 147

ameliorate ## Footnote synonyms: amend, help, improve, enhance, alleviate The government launched several initiatives to _ameliorate_ living conditions in the city.

Question 148

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. She was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to feedback and worked hard to improve her skills. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 148

amenable ## Footnote adj. open to suggestion or criticism adj. accountable

Question 149

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. pain reliever ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 149

analgesic ## Footnote synonyms: painkiller, soother, anodyne, remedy, analgesic agent The doctor prescribed an _analgesic_ to help manage the patient's pain after surgery.

Question 150

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. He shared a humorous \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ about his childhood during the family gathering. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*

Answer 150

anecdote ## Footnote n. a story of a specific incident, used as an example or for entertainment

Question 151

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to declare invalid ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "a"*

Answer 151

annul ## Footnote synonyms: void, abolish, cancel, invalidate, nullify, revoke The court decided to _annul_ the contract due to a breach of terms.

Question 152

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. His \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ tone made it difficult for the students to engage with the lesson. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*

Answer 152

didactic ## Footnote adj. overly instructive or preachy

Question 153

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. lacking confidence; restrained or reserved ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 153

diffident ## Footnote synonyms: hesitant, unconfident, shy, timid, self-doubting Her _diffident_ manner made her seem shy during the presentation, though her ideas were strong.

Question 154

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The scent of flowers \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ through the air as we entered the garden. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*

Answer 154

diffuse ## Footnote v. to spread out adj. widely spread, scattered adj. wordy and rambling

Question 155

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. ruined, worn down ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 155

dilapidated ## Footnote synonyms: ramshackle, wasted, decayed, crumbling, deteriorated, neglected The _dilapidated_ house on the corner had been abandoned for years.

Question 156

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The doctor used eye drops to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ his pupils for the examination. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*

Answer 156

dilate ## Footnote v. to widen or enlarge v. to give a long speech on a subject

Question 157

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. a person with an interest in a topic without really commiting n. a patron of the arts ## Footnote Hint: starts with "d"

Answer 157

dilettante ## Footnote synonyms: green, unskilled; artist, connoisseur, amateur, enthusiast, hobbyist As a _dilettante_, he dabbled in painting but never took it seriously.

Question 158

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The choir sang a somber \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ at the funeral. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*

Answer 158

dirge ## Footnote n. a mournful song

Question 159

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to free from a misconception or error in thought ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 159

disabuse ## Footnote synonyms: correct, debunk, enlighten, clarify, set straight He worked hard to _disabuse_ his friend of the belief in a common conspiracy theory.

Question 160

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The manager’s harsh treatment of employees began to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ many from the company. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*

Answer 160

disaffect ## Footnote v. to make someone lose loyalty or affection

Question 161

# Define: discern | (dih-**surn**)

Answer 161

v. to recognize, to recognize as different ## Footnote From a distance, it was difficult for Josh to _discern_ who was waving at him. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart" or "asunder"); Root: *cern* (from Latin *cernere*, meaning "to separate" or "to distinguish")

Question 162

# Define: discomfit | (diss-**kum**-fit)

Answer 162

v. to unsettle v. to upset or prevent from succeeding ## Footnote The presence of the victim's family at the trial _discomfited_ the accused. Prefix: *dis-* (from Latin, meaning "apart" or "asunder"); Root: *comfit* (from Latin *confīcere*, meaning "to make" or "to prepare")

Question 163

# Define: hackneyed | (**hack**-need)

Answer 163

adj. overdone or cliché ## Footnote The student's poem contained the _hackneyed_ expressions that typically fill teenage diaries. Root: *hackney* (from Middle English, meaning "to use a horse for ordinary riding"), Suffix: *-ed* (used to form the past participle of regular verbs)

Question 164

# Define: hallmark | (**hall-**mark)

Answer 164

n. a unique, identifying trait n. a mark used to indicate the purity of certain metals ## Footnote Complete obedience is the _hallmark_ of a good soldier. Root: *hall* (from Old English *heall*, meaning "large room" or "hall"); Root: *mark* (from Old English *mearc*, meaning "boundary" or "sign")

Question 165

# Define: harangue | (huh-**rang**)

Answer 165

v. to speak with intense emotions n. a rant ## Footnote The lobbyists arrived at the senator's office expecting to make a deal, but instead they received a 45-minute _harangue_ from the angry politician. Root: *harangue* (from Old Italian *aringare*, meaning "to speak in public")

Question 166

# Define: hedonism | (**heed-**in-iz-um)

Answer 166

n. dedication to pursuing pleasure ## Footnote Jake's _hedonism_ became apparent when he quit his job rather than cancel his trip to the Bahamas. Root: *hedon* (from Greek *hēdonē*, meaning "pleasure"); Suffix: *-ism* (from Greek *-ismos*, indicating a practice or belief)

Question 167

# Define: tan | (**tan**)

Answer 167

v. to whip v. to make leather out of animal hide ## Footnote He spent days _tanning_ the leather properly. Root: *tan* (from Old English *tannian*, meaning "to convert hide into leather")

Question 168

# Define: heretical | (huh-**ret**-ih-kull)

Answer 168

adj. differing from official beliefs ## Footnote Galileo's discoveries of the nature of Earth's place in the universe were considered _heretical_ at the time. Root: *heretic* (from Greek *hairetikos*, meaning "able to choose"); Suffix: *-al* (forming adjectives, meaning "relating to")

Question 169

# Define: hieroglyphic | (high-ruh-**glif**-ik)

Answer 169

adj. difficult to understand, mysterious ## Footnote The students could not read the teacher's _hieroglyphic_ writing on the board. Root: *hieros* (from Greek, meaning "sacred"); Root: *glyph* (from Greek *gluphē*, meaning "carving"); Suffix: *-ic* (forming adjectives, meaning "pertaining to")

Question 170

# Define: homogenous | (hoe-**modj**-ih-nus)

Answer 170

adj. composed of similar or identical parts ## Footnote The audience was mostly a _homogenous_ group of fashion design students, though one or two engineering students also attended. Prefix: *homo-* (from Greek, meaning "same"); Root: *gen* (from Greek *genos*, meaning "kind" or "race"); Suffix: *-ous* (forming adjectives, meaning "full of")

Question 171

# Define: hone | (**hone**)

Answer 171

v. to perfect v. to sharpen ## Footnote The swimmers spent all day in the water trying to _hone_ their skills before the meet. Root: *hone* (from Old English *hān*, meaning "stone" or "rock")

Question 172

# Define: husband | (**huz**-bund)

Answer 172

v. to conserve ## Footnote The campers knew they would have to _husband_ their supplies on their trip. Root: *hus* (from Old Norse *hús*, meaning "house"); Root: *band* (from Old Norse *bóndi*, meaning "occupier and tiller of the soil")

Question 173

# Define: nonplussed | (non-**plust**)

Answer 173

adj. confused ## Footnote She was _nonplussed_ when her mother scolded her for no apparent reason. Prefix: *non-* (from Latin, meaning "not"); Root: *plussed* (from Latin *plus*, meaning "more")

Question 174

# Define: noxious | (**knock**-shuss)

Answer 174

adj. harmful in a physical or moral way ## Footnote Unfortunately, the group did not notice the _noxious_ gas until it had claimed several victims. Root: *nox* (from Latin *noxius*, meaning "harmful"); Suffix: *-ious* (forming adjectives, meaning "characterized by")

Question 175

# Define: nuance | (**new**-awnss)

Answer 175

n. a small difference ## Footnote A trained scientist is sensitive to the _nuances_ between these two seemingly identical procedures. Root: *nuance* (from Latin *nubes*, meaning "cloud")

Question 176

# Define: obdurate | (**ob**-duh-ritt)

Answer 176

adj. stubborn; inflexible and unyielding adj. emotionally cold; not compassionate ## Footnote Even when the witness began to cry, the accused remained _obdurate_ and detached. Prefix: *ob-* (from Latin, meaning "against"); Root: *dur* (from Latin *durus*, meaning "hard"); Suffix: *-ate* (forming adjectives, meaning "having the quality of")

Question 177

# Define: obsequious | (ob-**see**-kwee-us)

Answer 177

adj. very submissive and flattering ## Footnote In industries where _obsequious_ service is expected, one generally leaves a tip. Prefix: *ob-* (from Latin, meaning "toward"); Root: *sequ* (from Latin *sequi*, meaning "to follow"); Suffix: *-ious* (forming adjectives, meaning "characterized by")

Question 178

# Define: obstinate | (**ob**-stuh-nitt)

Answer 178

adj. stubborn, unyielding to change an opinion ## Footnote The _obstinate_ woman refused to move out of the other customers' way. Prefix: *ob-* (from Latin, meaning "against"); Root: *stin* (from Latin *stare*, meaning "to stand"); Suffix: *-ate* (forming adjectives, meaning "having the quality of")

Question 179

# Define: obviate | (**ob**-vee-ehyt)

Answer 179

v. to anticipate and prevent v. to make obsolete ## Footnote The Internet has all but _obviated_ the need for radio stations. Prefix: *ob-* (from Latin, meaning "against"); Root: *via* (from Latin, meaning "way" or "road"); Suffix: *-ate* (forming verbs, meaning "to make")

Question 180

# Define: occlude | (uh-**clued**)

Answer 180

v. to close or block off v. to combine opposite surfaces ## Footnote The only way out of the cabin was _occluded_ by a mound of fresh snow. Prefix: *oc-* (variant of *ob-*, from Latin, meaning "against"); Root: *clude* (from Latin *claudere*, meaning "to close")

Question 181

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to see clearly ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "d"*

Answer 181

discern ## Footnote synonyms: note, notice, focus, detect, perceive, distinguish She was able to _discern_ the hidden meaning behind his words after careful reflection.

Question 182

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The unexpected question \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ the speaker, causing him to lose his train of thought. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*

Answer 182

discomfit ## Footnote v. to unsettle v. to upset or prevent from succeeding

Question 183

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. overdone or cliché ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "h"*

Answer 183

hackneyed ## Footnote synonyms: tired, common, trite, stale, unoriginal The movie’s plot was filled with _hackneyed_ dialogue that felt tired and unoriginal.

Question 184

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. Attention to detail is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of a great designer. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'h'.*

Answer 184

hallmark ## Footnote n. a unique, identifying trait n. a mark used to indicate the purity of certain metals

Question 185

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to speak with intense emotions n. a rant ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "h"*

Answer 185

harangue ## Footnote synonyms: diatribe, tirade, speech, lecture, oration, tirade The coach _harangued_ his team after their lackluster performance. His _harangue_ about politics lasted for nearly an hour.

Question 186

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. His lifestyle of constant parties and indulgence was a clear example of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'h'.*

Answer 186

hedonism ## Footnote n. dedication to pursuing pleasure

Question 187

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to whip v. to make leather out of animal hide ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "t"*

Answer 187

tan ## Footnote synonyms: flog, beat, treat, process, skin In old times, sailors were often _tanned_ for disobedience. The workers _tanned_ the hides to create durable leather goods.

Question 188

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. His \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ views on religion caused him to be ostracized by the community. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'h'.*

Answer 188

heretical ## Footnote adj. differing from official beliefs

Question 189

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. difficult to understand, mysterious ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "h"*

Answer 189

hieroglyphic ## Footnote synonyms: unclear, unreadable, cryptic, enigmatic, puzzling, obscure The professor’s notes were so _hieroglyphic_ that no one could make sense of them.

Question 190

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The population of the small town was largely \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, with little cultural diversity. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'h'.*

Answer 190

homogenous ## Footnote adj. composed of similar or identical parts

Question 191

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to perfect v. to sharpen ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "h"*

Answer 191

hone ## Footnote synonyms: train, discipline; whet, grind, refine, enhance, improve She spent years _honing_ her skills as a pianist to reach a professional level. He used a stone to _hone_ the blade of his knife.

Question 192

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. They carefully \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ their resources to ensure they would last through the winter. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'h'.*

Answer 192

husband | (**huz**-bund) ## Footnote v. to conserve

Question 193

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. confused ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "n"*

Answer 193

nonplussed ## Footnote synonyms: perplexed, baffled, puzzled, bewildered, astonished, flabbergasted He was _nonplussed_ by the strange behavior of his coworkers.

Question 194

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The factory emitted \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ fumes that were dangerous to both the environment and the workers. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'n'.*

Answer 194

noxious ## Footnote adj. harmful in a physical or moral way

Question 195

# Which vocabulary word means the following? n. a small difference ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "n"*

Answer 195

nuance ## Footnote synonyms: degree, subtlety, shade, distinction, variation The actor’s performance captured every _nuance_ of the character’s emotions.

Question 196

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. Despite their pleas, the judge remained \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in his decision to impose the harshest penalty. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'o'.*

Answer 196

obdurate ## Footnote adj. emotionally cold; not compassionate

Question 197

# Which vocabulary word means the following? adj. very submissive and flattering ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "o"*

Answer 197

obsequious ## Footnote synonyms: flattering, sycophantic, servile, fawning, subservient His _obsequious_ behavior towards his boss made him seem insincere and desperate for approval.

Question 198

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. Despite all the evidence, he remained \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in his opinion. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'o'.*

Answer 198

obstinate ## Footnote adj. stubborn

Question 199

# Which vocabulary word means the following? v. to anticipate and prevent v. to make obsolete ## Footnote *Hint: starts with "o"*

Answer 199

obviate ## Footnote synonyms: anticipate, counteract; inhibit, stymie, prevent, eliminate, preclude The new safety measures were put in place to _obviate_ potential accidents. The introduction of digital cameras quickly _obviated_ the need for film.

Question 200

# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word. The dentist noticed that the patient’s teeth did not \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ properly, causing discomfort. ## Footnote *Hint: The word starts with 'o'.*

Answer 200

occlude ## Footnote v. to close or block off v. to combine opposite surfaces