Advanced Vocab Words - Set 4 Flashcards
Learn to understand and effectively use 100 advanced vocabulary words. Improve your test scores, or simply be more articulate in your daily life. Each word is used in context in a sample sentence and includes synonyms and a pronunciation guide. (200 cards)
1
Q
Define:
aseptic
(uh-sep-tik)
A
adj. free of pathogens or germs
adj. with little or no emotion
Doctors are always careful to use aseptic surgical equipment to prevent infection.
Prefix: a- (from Greek, meaning “not” or “without”); Root: sept (from Greek sēptikos, meaning “putrefying”)
2
Q
Define:
prolix
(proh-liks)
A
adj. wordy or prolonged; tedious in length
The prolix manuscript took days to read.
Prefix: pro- (from Latin, meaning “forward”); Root: lix (from Latin liquere, meaning “to flow”)
3
Q
Define:
foolhardy
(fool-hahr-dee)
A
adj. reckless, unwisely bold; thoughtlessly rash
It was a foolhardy attempt to climb the Sears Tower that went very wrong.
Root: fool (from Old French fol, meaning “foolish”); Suffix: -hardy (from Old French hardi, meaning “bold”)
4
Q
Define:
picaresque
(pik-uh-resk)
A
adj. involving clever rogues in episodes of comedy or adventure
Huck Finn is a picaresque hero.
Root: picaro (from Spanish, meaning “rogue” or “rascal”); Suffix: -esque (from French, meaning “in the style of”)
5
Q
Define:
raucous
(raw-kuhs)
A
adj. rough sounding, harsh
adj. boisterous, rowdy, disorderly
The raucous laughter went on long into the night.
Root: rauc (from Latin raucus, meaning “hoarse”)
6
Q
Define:
providential
(prov-ih-den-shuhl)
A
adj. to occur as if from divine intervention or great time
His providential recovery, when it seemed that he would surely succumb, brought hope to many.
Root: provident (from Latin providentia, meaning “foresight”); Suffix: -ial (forming adjectives)
7
Q
Define:
antipodal
(an-tip-uh-dl)
A
adj. diametrically opposed to, polar opposite
adj. on the opposite side of the earth
The couple had totally antipodal personalities, but they enjoyed each other’s company.
Prefix: anti- (from Greek, meaning “opposite”); Root: pod (from Greek pous, meaning “foot”); Suffix: -al (forming adjectives)
8
Q
Define:
pillory
(pill-uh-ree)
A
v. to punish; to hold up for public scorning
n. a wooden framework with holes for head and hands, in which criminal offenders are held
Dan was pilloried in class for his inability to spell “potato”.
Root: pillar (from Old French pilori, meaning “pillar”)
9
Q
Define:
infelicitous
(in-fuh-liss-ih-tuss)
A
adj. unfortunate, awkward, inappropriate
In Thailand, it is considered infelicitous to touch someone’s head.
Prefix: in- (from Latin, meaning “not”); Root: felicit (from Latin felicitas, meaning “happiness”); Suffix: -ous (forming adjectives)
10
Q
Define:
dilatory
(dil-uh-tawr-ee)
A
adj. tending to delay, put off, or procrastinate
adj. intended to slow progress
Courtney employed dilatory tactics in the debate in order to collect her thoughts, but the judges noticed and she was docked a point.
Root: dilat (from Latin dilatus, meaning “deferred”); Suffix: -ory (forming adjectives)
11
Q
Define:
overweening
(oh-ver-wee-ning)
A
adj. presumptuously arrogant or conceited; overconfident, overbearing
Ian made the overweening assumption that people would rush to help him.
Prefix: over- (meaning “excessive”); Root: ween (from Old English wenan, meaning “to think”); Suffix: -ing (forming adjectives)
12
Q
Define:
neologism
(nee-awl-uh-djiz-uhm)
A
n. the creation of new words, expressions, or usages for words
“Technophile” is a neologism, just as “UFO” once was.
Prefix: neo- (from Greek, meaning “new”); Root: log (from Greek logos, meaning “word”); Suffix: -ism (forming nouns indicating a practice or system)
13
Q
Define:
lassitude
(lass-ih-tood)
A
n. a state of listless exhaustion, weakness, or weariness of the mind or body
The extreme heat led to a general lassitude that settled on the village from May to October.
Root: lass (from Latin lassus, meaning “weary”); Suffix: -itude (forming nouns indicating a state or condition)
14
Q
Define:
locution
(loh-kyoo-shuhn)
A
n. a particular word, phrase, or style used by a person or group
n. style of speaking, phraseology
The newcomers were fascinated by the Aussie’s locution.
Root: locut (from Latin loqui, meaning “to speak”); Suffix: -ion (forming nouns indicating an action or condition)
15
Q
Define:
jocose
(joh-kohss)
A
adj. characterized by a joking or humorous manner
The jocose innkeeper could always be counted on for a bit of levity.
Root: joc (from Latin jocus, meaning “joke”); Suffix: -ose (forming adjectives indicating fullness or abundance)
16
Q
Define:
rend
(rend)
A
v. to forcibly take
v. to tear apart
The three-year-old decided she wants to play with the teddy bear, so she rended it from her infant sister’s hands.
Root: rend (from Old English rendan, meaning “to tear”)
17
Q
Define:
stanch
(stawnch)
A
v. to cease the flow of a liquid (esp. blood)
The doctor’s attempt to stanch the flow of blood eventually succeeded, and the patient’s blood pressure stabilized.
Root: stanch (from Latin stare, meaning “to stand”)
18
Q
Define:
solder
(sod-er)
A
v. to weld, fuse, or join (esp. metals)
Harry soldered the bits of scrap metal together to make a pet door.
Root: solder (from Latin solidare, meaning “to make solid”)
19
Q
Define:
demure
(duh-myoor)
A
adj. modest, shy
Lindsay was demure and had a tough time opening up to new people.
Prefix: de- (from Latin, meaning “down” or “away”); Root: mure (from Old French murer, meaning “to wall”)
20
Q
Define:
insensible
(in-sen-suh-buhl)
A
adj. unconscious, unresponsive
The boxer lay insensible on the floor of the ring.
Prefix: in- (from Latin, meaning “not”); Root: sens (from Latin sentire, meaning “to feel”); Suffix: -ible (forming adjectives indicating capability)
21
Q
Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. free of pathogens or germs
adj. with little or no emotion
Hint: starts with “a”
A
aseptic
synonyms: barren, clean; withdrawn, introverted, sterile, unemotional
The hospital room was kept aseptic to prevent infections.
His aseptic demeanor made it hard to read his feelings.
22
Q
Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The professor’s ________ lecture caused several students to lose focus.
Hint: The word starts with ‘p’.
A
prolix
adj. wordy or prolonged; tedious in length
23
Q
Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. reckless, unwisely bold; thoughtlessly rash
Hint: starts with “f”
A
foolhardy
synonyms: daredevil, venturous, risky, audacious, imprudent
His foolhardy decision to drive through the storm led to disaster.
24
Q
Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The novel’s ________ hero was always getting into mischief.
Hint: The word starts with ‘p’.
A
picaresque
adj. involving clever rogues in episodes of comedy or adventure
25
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. rough sounding, harsh
adj. boisterous, rowdy, disorderly
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "r"*
raucous
## Footnote
synonyms: noisy, chaotic, loud, clamorous, disorderly
The _raucous_ laughter filled the noisy bar.
The _raucous_ crowd disrupted the concert.
26
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Their ________ meeting led to a lifelong friendship.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*
providential
## Footnote
adj. to occur as if from divine intervention
27
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. diametrically opposed to, polar opposite
adj. on the opposite side of the earth
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
antipodal
## Footnote
synonyms: opposed, contrary, counter, opposite, divergent
Their views on politics were _antipodal_.
Australia and Argentina are _antipodal_ regions.
28
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
He was ________ in the press for his controversial remarks.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*
pillory
## Footnote
v. to punish; to hold up for public scorning
n. a wooden framework with holes for head and hands, in which criminal offenders are held
29
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. unfortunate, awkward, inappropriate
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "i"*
infelicitous
## Footnote
synonyms: improper, ill-suited, inopportune, unsuitable
His _infelicitous_ comment ruined the otherwise pleasant dinner.
30
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Her ________ approach to her work caused deadlines to be missed.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*
dilatory
## Footnote
adj. tending to delay, put off, or procrastinate
adj. intended to slow progress
31
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. presumptuously arrogant or conceited, overconfident, overbearing
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "o"*
overweening
## Footnote
synonyms: brash, conceited, pompous, hubristic, egotistical
His _overweening_ arrogance made him unpopular among his colleagues.
32
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The tech industry is full of ________ that are hard to keep up with.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'n'.*
neologism
## Footnote
n. the creation of new words, expressions, or usages for words
33
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. a state of listless exhaustion, weakness, or weariness of the mind or body
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "l"*
lassitude
## Footnote
synonyms: lethargy, weariness, fatigue, listlessness, apathy
After the long hike, she was overcome with _lassitude_.
34
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
His ________ was filled with regional slang that made him hard to understand.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'l'.*
locution
## Footnote
n. a particular word, phrase, or style used by a person or group
n. style of speaking, phraseology
35
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. characterized by a joking or humorous manner
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "j"*
jocose
## Footnote
synonyms: facetious, humorous, funny, playful, lighthearted
His _jocose_ personality made him the life of the party.
36
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
He tried to ________ the book from her hands.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'r'.*
rend
## Footnote
v. to forcibly take
v. to tear apart
37
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to cease the flow of a liquid (esp. blood)
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "s"*
stanch
## Footnote
synonyms: halt, stop, quench, check
The nurse quickly _stanched_ the bleeding.
38
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
He carefully ________ the broken circuit board back together.
## Footnote
Hint: The word starts with 's'.
solder
## Footnote
v. to weld, fuse, or join (esp. metals)
39
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. modest, shy
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "d"*
demure
## Footnote
synonyms: reserved, bashful, coy, retiring, unassuming
She gave a _demure_ smile when complimented.
40
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
He was ________ after being hit on the head.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'i'.*
insensible
## Footnote
adj. unconscious, unresponsive
41
# Define:
rail
| (**reyl**)
v. to complain bitterly
## Footnote
The citizens _railed_ against the injustice of the federal land grab in tersely-worded editorials and letters to the editor.
Root: *regula* (from Latin, meaning "a straight stick")
42
# Define:
noisome
| (**noy**-suhm)
adj. unpleasant (smell) or harmful
## Footnote
The _noisome_ odor of the garbage nauseated Audrey.
Suffix: *-some* (from Old English, meaning "tending to" or "causing")
43
# Define:
mellifluous
| (muh-**lif**-loo-uhs)
adj. sweetly flowing (esp. of words or sounds)
## Footnote
Lucy's _mellifluous_ voice was noted by her interviewer.
Prefix: *melli-* (from Latin *mel*, meaning "honey"); Root: *fluere* (from Latin, meaning "to flow")
44
# Define:
inveterate
| (in-**vet**-er-it)
adj. established, habitual, deep-rooted
## Footnote
It was Tony's _inveterate_ preference to drink orange juice every morning.
Prefix: *in-* (from Latin, meaning "in" or "into"); Root: *vetus* (from Latin, meaning "old")
45
# Define:
coterie
| (**koh**-tuh-ree)
n. a small or exclusive group of people with common interests
## Footnote
The _coterie_ of musicians began to meet on Tuesday nights and eventually established a weekly concert series.
Root: *cote* (from Old French, meaning "cottage" or "hut")
46
# Define:
impugn
| (im-**pyoon**)
v. to challenge or attack one's beliefs or motives as false
## Footnote
The candidate went too far when he began to _impugn_ the character of his opponent's husband.
Prefix: *im-* (from Latin, meaning "against"); Root: *pugnare* (from Latin, meaning "to fight")
47
# Define:
voluble
| (**vol**-yuh-buhl)
adj. able to speak easily and in quantity, glib, talkative
## Footnote
The _voluble_ speaker talked late into the night.
Root: *volvere* (from Latin, meaning "to turn" or "to roll")
48
# Define:
misogynist
| (mih-**sodj**-uh-nist)
n. one who hates women
## Footnote
The song contained several lyrics that were so offensive to women that the singer was immediately labeled a _misogynist_.
Prefix: *miso-* (from Greek, meaning "hatred"); Root: *gyn* (from Greek *gynē*, meaning "woman")
49
# Define:
pedagogy
| (**ped**-uh-goh-djee)
n. the art or profession of training, teaching, or instructing
## Footnote
Training in _pedagogy_ can't prepare you for manic third graders.
Root: *ped* (from Greek *pais*, meaning "child"); Suffix: *-agogy* (from Greek *agogos*, meaning "leader")
50
# Define:
ambient
| (**am**-bee-uhnt)
adj. relating to the immediate surroundings; surrounding environment
## Footnote
The low _ambient_ lighting made for a romantic dinner setting.
Prefix: *ambi-* (from Latin, meaning "around"); Root: *ire* (from Latin, meaning "to go")
51
# Define:
inquest
| (**in**-kwest)
n. a judicial inquiry of some matter held before a jury
n. an investigation, inquiry
## Footnote
The police opened an _inquest_ into the cause of death.
Prefix: *in-* (from Latin, meaning "in" or "into"); Root: *quaerere* (from Latin, meaning "to seek")
52
# Define:
preen
| (**preen**)
v. to primp, to dress up
v. to clean fur or feathers of an animal
## Footnote
The bird _preened_ its feathers with its beak for a few moments before taking flight.
53
# Define:
parry
| (**pear**-ee)
v. to block, evade, or ward off
## Footnote
The politician _parried_ the reporter's questions with a few of her own.
Root: *parare* (from Latin, meaning "to prepare" or "to ward off")
54
# Define:
guy
| (**gahy**)
n. rope or cord attached to something as a brace
## Footnote
I was nervous that the _guy_ for the pulley would snap.
55
# Define:
sallow
| (**sal**-oh)
adj. of a sickly yellowish hue or complexion
## Footnote
There was a large number of _sallow_-looking patients in the doctor's office.
56
# Define:
plangent
| (**plan**-djuhnt)
adj. pounding, thundering, resounding
## Footnote
The _plangent_ honking of geese flying overhead jolted me awake.
Root: *plangere* (from Latin, meaning "to strike" or "to lament")
57
# Define:
peripatetic
| (per-uh-puh-**tet**-ik)
adj. itinerant, nomadic
## Footnote
A _peripatetic_ existence can take its toll on your relationships with the ones you love.
Prefix: *peri-* (from Greek, meaning "around"); Root: *patein* (from Greek, meaning "to walk")
58
# Define:
rue
| (**roo**)
v. to regret; to feel or experience remorse
## Footnote
I _rued_ the day I ever let her go.
59
# Define:
macerate
| (**mass**-uh-reyt)
v. to soften by steeping in a liquid, or decompose
v. to emaciate; to starve
## Footnote
Now, we will _macerate_ the rest of the melon in hot water so we can use it to flavor the cream.
Root: *macerare* (from Latin, meaning "to soften" or "to steep")
60
# Define:
callow
| (**kal**-oh)
adj. lacking maturity or experience
## Footnote
A _callow_ young man was tormenting the elderly in the park.
61
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to complain bitterly
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "r"*
rail
## Footnote
synonyms: berate, abuse, complain, rant, criticize
She _railed_ against the unfair treatment she received.
62
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ fumes made it difficult to breathe.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'n'.*
noisome
## Footnote
adj. offensive or harmful
63
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. sweetly flowing (esp. of words or sounds)
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "m"*
mellifluous
## Footnote
synonyms: euphonic, harmonic, mellow, pleasing, smooth, soothing
Her _mellifluous_ voice captivated the audience.
64
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
He was an ________ smoker despite numerous attempts to quit.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'i'.*
inveterate
## Footnote
adj. established, habitual, deep-rooted
65
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. a small or exclusive group of people with common interests
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "c"*
coterie
## Footnote
synonyms: clique, crowd, collective, group, association
She belonged to an elite _coterie_ of art collectors.
66
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
He ________ her integrity during the heated debate.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'i'.*
impugn
## Footnote
v. to challenge or attack ones beliefs or motives as false
67
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. able to speak easily and in quantity, glib, talkative
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "v"*
voluble
## Footnote
synonyms: articulate, chatty, conversational, talkative, garrulous
The _voluble_ speaker entertained the crowd for hours.
68
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ was known for his discriminatory views.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'm'.*
misogynist
## Footnote
n. one who hates women
69
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. the art or profession of training, teaching, or instructing
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "p"*
pedagogy
## Footnote
synonyms: education, apprenticeship, discipline, instruction, teaching
She excelled in _pedagogy_, making complex subjects accessible to students.
70
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ noise of the city made it hard to concentrate.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*
ambient
## Footnote
adj. relating to the immediate surroundings; surrounding environment
71
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. a judicial inquiry of some matter held before a jury.
n. an investigation, inquiry
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "i"*
inquest
## Footnote
synonyms: a judicial inquiry, an official review before a panel, investigation, examination
The court held an _inquest_ into the cause of the accident.
72
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The bird ________ its feathers in the sunlight.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*
preen
## Footnote
v. to primp, to dress up
v. to clean fur or feathers of an animal
73
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to block, evade, or ward off
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "p"*
parry
## Footnote
synonyms: block, dodge, circumvent, deflect, counter
He skillfully _parried_ his opponent's attack.
74
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The tent was secured with a ________ to withstand the wind.
## Footnote
Hint: The word starts with 'g'.
guy
## Footnote
n. rope or cord attached to something as a brace
75
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. of a sickly yellowish hue or complexion
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "s"*
sallow
## Footnote
synonyms: pale, unhealthy-looking, jaundiced, sickly, wan
Her _sallow_ complexion was a sign of her illness.
76
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ roar of the waves echoed through the cliffs.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*
plangent
## Footnote
adj. pounding, thundering, resounding
77
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. itinerant, nomadic
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "p"*
peripatetic
## Footnote
synonyms: migrant, vagrant, wandering, traveling, roving
His _peripatetic_ lifestyle took him all over the world.
78
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
He ________ the day he made that fateful decision.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'r'.*
rue
## Footnote
v. to regret; to feel or experience remorse
79
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to soften by steeping in a liquid, or decompose
v. to emaciate; to starve
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "m"*
macerate
## Footnote
synonyms: soak, dissolve, break down, soften
The fruit was left to _macerate_ in the wine overnight.
The harsh conditions caused the prisoners to _macerate_.
80
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ youth made many naive mistakes.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'c'.*
callow
## Footnote
adj. lacking maturity or experience
81
# Define:
wistful
| (**wist**-fuhl)
adj. yearning, longing, or melancholy
## Footnote
The child stared _wistfully_ out the window for days, waiting for her dog to return.
Suffix: *-ful* (meaning 'full of')
82
# Define:
corroborate
| (kuh-**rob**-uh-rehyt)
v. to confirm or validate
## Footnote
The mailman _corroborated_ the alleged thief's story, confirming that he had merely been passing by when the robbery occurred.
Prefix: *cor-* (from Latin *com-*, meaning 'together'); Root: *robor* (from Latin *roborare*, meaning 'to strengthen')
83
# Define:
couch
| (**couch**)
v. to express in indirect terms; to frame in a certain way
## Footnote
Her criticism was _couched_ in flattering terms so that her coworker wouldn't take offense.
Root: *couch* (from Old French *coucher*, meaning 'to lay down')
84
# Define:
innervate
| (ih-**nur**-veyt)
v. to give nervous energy to; to supply with nerves
## Footnote
The team was _innervated_ by the coach's pep talk and approached the second half with renewed energy.
Prefix: *in-* (meaning 'into'); Root: *nerve* (relating to nerves or the nervous system)
85
# Define:
impecunious
| (im-puh-**kyoo**-nee-us)
adj. poor; without any money
## Footnote
A graduate student generally leads an _impecunious_ existence.
Prefix: *im-* (meaning 'not'); Root: *pecun* (from Latin *pecunia*, meaning 'money')
86
# Define:
grovel
| (**gruhv**-uhl)
v. to behave in a servile manner to receive forgiveness or a favor
v. to kneel with one's head down
## Footnote
The servants _groveled_ at the king's throne.
Root: *grovel* (from Middle English *grovelen*, meaning 'to lie face downward')
87
# Define:
epicurean
| (ep-ih-kyoo-**ree**-uhn)
adj. characterized by luxury (esp. in terms of food and drink) or by a propensity for indulging in luxury
## Footnote
The cruise was marketed as an _epicurean_ adventure through the cuisines of four Caribbean nations.
Root: *Epicure* (from the Greek philosopher Epicurus, associated with pleasure and luxury)
88
# Define:
hirsute
| (**hur**-soot)
adj. hairy, shaggy
## Footnote
A _hirsute_ sheepdog won the Dog Showing Contest.
Root: *hirsut* (from Latin *hirsutus*, meaning 'hairy')
89
# Define:
countenance
| (**koun**-tuh-nunce)
n. appearance of a person's face
v. to permit, to allow
## Footnote
Many people thought she was friendly because of her kindly _countenance_.
Root: *counten* (from Latin *continentia*, meaning 'bearing' or 'demeanor')
90
# Define:
scurvy
| (**skur**-vee)
adj. not admirable, despicable
## Footnote
The _scurvy_ pirate secured his escape by throwing gun powder into the eyes of his pursuers.
Root: *scurv* (from Old English *scurf*, meaning 'scaly skin')
91
# Define:
covert
| (**koe**-vert)
adj. hidden; secret
## Footnote
The government's _covert_ operations were laid bare by the shocking article.
Root: *cover* (from Old French *covrir*, meaning 'to cover')
92
# Define:
craven
| (**kray**-vun)
adj. cowardly
## Footnote
The _craven_ man ran away at the first sign of danger.
Root: *crav* (from Old French *cravent*, meaning 'defeated')
93
# Define:
eugenics
| (yoo-**djen**-iks)
n. the study of heredity improvements by genetic control
## Footnote
Nazi Germany is known to have carried out many _eugenics_ experiments that provoked outrage once they came to light.
Prefix: *eu-* (meaning 'good' or 'well'); Root: *gen* (from Greek *genos*, meaning 'race' or 'kind')
94
# Define:
credence
| (**creed**-enss)
n. belief that something is true
n. plausibility
## Footnote
She gave _credence_ to the rumors when she failed to deny them.
Root: *cred* (from Latin *credere*, meaning 'to believe')
95
# Define:
execrate
| (**ek**-si-kreyt)
v. to declare to be hateful or abhorrent; denounce
v. to loathe
v. to curse
## Footnote
The rival teams appeared on the news to _execrate_ one another.
Prefix: *ex-* (meaning 'out'); Root: *secr* (from Latin *sacer*, meaning 'sacred')
96
# Define:
sempiternal
| (sem-pih-**tur**-nl)
adj. eternal, infinite
## Footnote
Nothing in life is _sempiternal_, alas.
Prefix: *sem-* (from Latin *semper*, meaning 'always'); Root: *etern* (meaning 'eternal')
97
# Define:
credulous
| (**kredj**-uh-luss)
adj. easily convinced that something is true
## Footnote
His lies were so ridiculous that only the most _credulous_ child would have believed them.
Root: *cred* (from Latin *credere*, meaning 'to believe'); Suffix: *-ous* (meaning 'full of')
98
# Define:
plumb
| (**pluhm**)
v. to measure the depth
v. to examine critically
## Footnote
I think she is the only architect working today who has the courage to truly _plumb_ the possibilities of recycled construction materials.
Root: *plumb* (from Latin *plumbum*, meaning 'lead')
99
# Define:
culpable
| (**kull**-puh-bull)
adj. deserving of blame or punishment
## Footnote
He confessed that he was _culpable_ for the crime and faced the consequences.
Root: *culp* (from Latin *culpa*, meaning 'fault' or 'blame'); Suffix: *-able* (meaning 'capable of')
100
# Define:
debase
| (dih-**base**)
v. to corrupt or lower the value of
## Footnote
Many argue that modern society has been _debased_ by materialism.
Prefix: *de-* (meaning 'down' or 'away'); Root: *base* (meaning 'low' or 'bottom')
101
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. yearning, longing, or melancholy
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "w"*
wistful
## Footnote
synonyms: forlorn, reflective, pensive, melancholic
She gave a _wistful_ glance at the old photographs, remembering better times.
102
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The witness's testimony ________ the alibi of the defendant.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'c'.*
corroborate
## Footnote
v. to confirm or validate
103
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to express in indirect terms; to frame in a certain way
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "c"*
couch
## Footnote
synonyms: formulate, phrase, surround, present, articulate
She _couched_ her criticism in more diplomatic language to avoid offense.
104
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The motivational speech ________ the team before the big game.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'i'.*
innervate
## Footnote
v. to give nervous energy to; to supply with nerves
105
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. poor; without any money
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "i"*
impecunious
## Footnote
synonyms: destitute, impoverished, broke, needy
He was _impecunious_ after years of struggling to find steady work.
106
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
They ________ to win favor with the influential leader.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'g'.*
grovel
## Footnote
v. to behave in a servile manner
v. to indulge in unworthy pursuits
107
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. characterized by luxury (esp. in terms of food and drink) or by a propensity for indulging in luxury
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "e"*
epicurean
## Footnote
synonyms: gluttonous, libertine, luxurious, indulgent
The _epicurean_ feast featured the finest wines and gourmet dishes.
108
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ dog left fur all over the furniture.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'h'.*
hirsute
## Footnote
adj. hairy, shaggy
109
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. appearance of a person's face
v. to permit, to allow
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "c"*
countenance
## Footnote
synonyms: aspect, demeanor, expression; face, approval
His serious _countenance_ made him look older than his years.
The manager _countenanced_ the team's request for a day off.
110
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
His ________ behavior left him with few friends.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 's'.*
scurvy
## Footnote
adj. not admirable, despicable
111
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. hidden; secret
n. a covered place for hiding
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "c"*
covert
## Footnote
synonyms: cloaked, secret, sly, concealed, hidden
The agent's _covert_ operation was unknown to most of his colleagues.
The fox darted into the _covert_ to avoid the hunters.
112
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
His ________ refusal to stand up for his beliefs cost him his reputation.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'c'.*
craven
## Footnote
adj. cowardly
113
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. the study of heredity improvements by genetic control
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "e"*
eugenics
## Footnote
synonyms: genetic enhancement, genetic manipulation, biogenetics
The controversial theory of _eugenics_ has raised ethical concerns over the years.
114
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The scientist's findings lent ________ to the new theory.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'c'.*
credence
## Footnote
n. belief that something is true
n. plausibility
115
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to declare to be hateful or abhorrent; denounce
v. to loathe
v. to curse
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "e"*
execrate
## Footnote
synonyms: accurse, condemn; hate, detest, revile
The dictator was _execrated_ by the people for his brutal regime.
She _execrated_ the idea of injustice.
116
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The stars in the sky seem ________, twinkling throughout the ages.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 's'.*
sempiternal
## Footnote
adj. eternal, infinite
117
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. easily convinced that something is true
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "c"*
credulous
## Footnote
synonyms: gullible, too trusting, naive, unsuspecting
The _credulous_ child believed every story his older brother told him.
118
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
They used a rope to ________ the depths of the ocean.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*
plumb
## Footnote
v. to measure the depth
v. to examine critically
119
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. deserving of blame or punishment
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "c"*
culpable
## Footnote
synonyms: guilty, liable, responsible, accountable
He was found _culpable_ for the accident and faced legal consequences.
120
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The scandal ________ the reputation of the company.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*
debase
## Footnote
v. to corrupt or lower the value of
121
# Define:
decadent
| (**deck**-ih-dunt)
adj. in a state of decline
adj. self-indulgent
## Footnote
Louis XIV was known for his _decadent_ displays of wealth and power.
Prefix: *de-* (from Latin, meaning "down" or "away"), Root: *cad* (from Latin *cadere*, meaning "to fall")
122
# Define:
decorous
| (**dek**-core-us)
adj. conforming to what is acceptable to society
adj. marked by propriety and etiquette
## Footnote
One must always behave in a _decorous_ manner at formal events.
Root: *decor* (from Latin *decorus*, meaning "proper" or "becoming")
123
# Define:
decry
| (dih-**cry**)
v. to strongly disapprove of
## Footnote
The preacher _decried_ society's indifference towards the poor.
Prefix: *de-* (from Latin, meaning "down" or "away"), Root: *cry* (from Old French *crier*, meaning "to cry out")
124
# Define:
artless
| (**art**-liss)
adj. simple and natural
adj. unable to mask true feelings
adj. without artistic merit; crudely made
## Footnote
She had an _artless_ grace about her that endeared her to strangers.
Root: *art* (from Latin *ars*, meaning "skill" or "craft"), Suffix: *-less* (meaning "without")
125
# Define:
ascetic
| (uh-**set-**ik)
adj. relating to self-denial
n. a person who practices self-denial
## Footnote
The _ascetic_ monks rejected modern comforts such as electricity.
Root: *ascet* (from Greek *asketes*, meaning "monk" or "hermit")
126
# Define:
ascendant
| (uh-**sen**-dent)
adj. rising
adj. most powerful
n. a position of being dominant or in control
## Footnote
In this game, newcomers are _ascendant_ because of their youth.
Root: *ascend* (from Latin *ascendere*, meaning "to climb"), Suffix: *-ant* (used to form adjectives or nouns indicating an agent or something that performs the action)
127
# Define:
ascribe
| (uh-**scribe**)
v. to attribute or assign to a cause
## Footnote
Her success was _ascribed_ to the hours she had spent studying.
Prefix: *a-* (from Latin, meaning "to"), Root: *scribe* (from Latin *scribere*, meaning "to write")
128
# Define:
assiduous
| (uh-**sidj**-oo-us)
adj. making careful and persistent effort
## Footnote
John was an _assiduous_ student who always tried his best.
Prefix: *as-* (variant of *ad-*, from Latin, meaning "to"), Root: *sid* (from Latin *sedere*, meaning "to sit"), Suffix: *-uous* (forming adjectives)
129
# Define:
assuage
| (uh-**swaydj**)
v. to relieve
## Footnote
Her anger was _assuaged_ by her friend's soothing words.
Prefix: *as-* (variant of *ad-*, from Latin, meaning "to"), Root: *suage* (from Latin *suavis*, meaning "sweet")
130
# Define:
astute
| (uh-**stewt**)
adj. having practical intelligence and good judgment
## Footnote
An _astute_ teacher always checks for plagiarism.
Root: *astut* (from Latin *astutus*, meaning "shrewd" or "crafty")
131
# Define:
suppliant
| (**suhp**-lee-uhnt)
adj. asking humbly, beseeching
n. a person who requests or begs
## Footnote
The boy was peering into the pet store window with the look of a _suppliant_ on his face.
Root: *suppli* (from Latin *supplicare*, meaning "to plead humbly"), Suffix: *-ant* (used to form adjectives or nouns indicating an agent or something that performs the action)
132
# Define:
atrophy
| (**at**-ruh-fee)
n. deterioration (esp. due to inactivity)
v. to deteriorate, to waste away (esp. due to inactivity)
## Footnote
The paralyzed patient began to show signs of _atrophy_ in his leg muscles.
Prefix: *a-* (from Greek, meaning "not" or "without"), Root: *troph* (from Greek *trophe*, meaning "nourishment")
133
# Define:
anosmia
| (an-**oz**-mee-uh)
n. loss of the sense of smell
## Footnote
Melissa has been afflicted with _anosmia_ since birth; she likes to say that sometimes it is a curse, and sometimes a blessing.
Prefix: *an-* (from Greek, meaning "without"), Root: *osmia* (from Greek *osme*, meaning "smell")
134
# Define:
austere
| (aw-**steer**)
adj. severe, strict, or very plain
## Footnote
The _austere_ room was anything but inviting.
Root: *auster* (from Greek *austeros*, meaning "harsh" or "severe")
135
# Define:
autonomous
| (aw-**tawn**-ih-muss)
adj. independent
## Footnote
The revolutionaries are fighting to make their country _autonomous_.
Prefix: *auto-* (from Greek, meaning "self"), Root: *nom* (from Greek *nomos*, meaning "law"), Suffix: *-ous* (forming adjectives)
136
# Define:
rapacious
| (ruh-**pey**-shuhs)
adj. voracious, greedy, plundering
## Footnote
The Vikings were _rapacious_ warriors.
Root: *rapac* (from Latin *rapax*, meaning "greedy"), Suffix: *-ious* (forming adjectives)
137
# Define:
avarice
| (**av**-uh-riss)
n. insatiable greed
## Footnote
The rich man's _avarice_ led him to buy up most of the neighborhood.
Root: *avar* (from Latin *avaritia*, meaning "greed")
138
# Define:
unflappable
| (uhn-**flap**-uh-buhl)
adj. not easily upset or excited (e.g., in a crisis)
## Footnote
The _unflappable_ hero maintained his level-headed mentality during the disaster.
Prefix: *un-* (meaning "not"), Root: *flap* (from Middle English *flappen*, meaning "to flap"), Suffix: *-able* (forming adjectives)
139
# Define:
aver
| (uh-**vurr**)
v. to declare as true
## Footnote
When interviewed, Susan's friends all _averred_ that she was a trustworthy person.
Prefix: *a-* (from Latin, meaning "to"), Root: *ver* (from Latin *verus*, meaning "true")
140
# Define:
emasculate
| (uh-**mass**-kyuh-leyt)
v. to castrate or make effeminate
v. to weaken
## Footnote
Wearing the frilly pink shirt made him feel _emasculated_.
Prefix: *e-* (from Latin, meaning "out"), Root: *mascul* (from Latin *masculus*, meaning "male"), Suffix: *-ate* (forming verbs)
141
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. in a state of decline
adj. self-indulgent
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "d"*
decadent
## Footnote
synonyms: decaying, hedonistic, luxurious, indulgent
The once-vibrant city now appeared _decadent_, with crumbling buildings and empty streets.
The _decadent_ lifestyle of the wealthy left them morally bankrupt.
142
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Her ________ behavior at the formal event impressed the guests.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*
decorous
## Footnote
adj. conforming to what is acceptable to society
adj. marked by propriety and etiquette
143
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. to strongly disapprove of
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "d"*
decry
## Footnote
synonyms: denounce, deplore, condemn, criticize, vilify
The politician _decried_ the corruption in the system.
144
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Her ________ charm made her instantly likable.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*
artless
## Footnote
adj. simple and natural
adj. unable to mask true feelings
adj. without artistic merit; crudely made
145
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. relating to self-denial; and
n. a person who practices self-denial
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
ascetic
## Footnote
synonyms: abstinent, restrained, austere, self-disciplined, rigorous
His _ascetic_ lifestyle was characterized by minimal possessions and strict routines.
The _ascetic_ devoted his life to meditation and reflection, seeking enlightenment through simplicity.
146
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ sun signaled the start of a new day.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*
ascendant
## Footnote
adj. rising
adj. most powerful
n. a position of being dominant or in control
147
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to attribute or assign to a cause
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
ascribe
## Footnote
synonyms: assign, appoint, accredit, attribute, impute
He _ascribed_ his success to hard work and determination.
148
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Her ________ attention to detail ensured the project was flawless.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*
assiduous
## Footnote
adj. making careful and persistent effort
149
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to relieve
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
assuage
## Footnote
synonyms: soothe, alleviate, ease, calm, pacify
He tried to _assuage_ her guilt with comforting words.
150
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Her ________ observations helped the team solve the problem quickly.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*
astute
## Footnote
adj. having practical intelligence and good judgment
151
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. asking humbly, beseeching
n. a person who requests or begs
## Footnote
Hint: starts with "s"
suppliant
## Footnote
synonyms: begging; beggar, seeker, humble, beseeching, pleading, imploring
The _suppliant_ tone of her voice revealed her deep desire for help.
As a _suppliant_, he approached the council for assistance in his plight.
152
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Muscle ________ can occur when a person is bedridden for an extended period.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*
atrophy
## Footnote
n. deterioration (esp. due to inactivity)
v. to deteriorate, to waste away (esp. due to inactivity)
153
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. loss of the sense of smell
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
anosmia
## Footnote
synonyms: without smell, smell loss, olfactory loss
She was diagnosed with _anosmia_ after a severe illness.
154
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ decor of the room matched her minimalist lifestyle.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'a'.*
austere
## Footnote
adj. severe, strict, or very plain
155
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. independent
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
autonomous
## Footnote
synonyms: self-determining, independent, self-governing, sovereign, free, self-sufficient
The island nation remained _autonomous_ despite political pressures.
156
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ invaders took everything of value from the village.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'r'.*
rapacious
## Footnote
adj. voracious, greedy, plundering
157
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. insatiable greed
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
avarice
## Footnote
synonyms: selfishness, ambition, greed, covetousness, insatiability, materialism
His _avarice_ led him to exploit his employees without remorse.
158
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Even in the face of disaster, he remained ________ and calm.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'u'.*
unflappable
## Footnote
adj. not easily upset or excited (e.g., in a crisis)
159
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to declare as true
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
aver
## Footnote
synonyms: affirm, assert, declare, state
She _averred_ her innocence during the trial.
160
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The harsh criticism seemed to ________ his confidence in the project.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'e'.*
emasculate
## Footnote
v. to castrate or make effeminate
v. to weaken
161
# Define:
dormant
| (**door-**munt)
adj. inactive for a period of time
## Footnote
The _dormant_ volcano erupted unexpectedly, injuring many.
Root: *dorm* (from Latin *dormire*, meaning "to sleep")
162
# Define:
recumbent
| (rih-**kuhm**-buhnt)
adj. leaning, lying down
## Footnote
He sat _recumbent_ on the picnic blanket.
Prefix: *re-* (meaning "back" or "again"), Root: *cumb* (from Latin *cumbere*, meaning "to lie down")
163
# Define:
dote
| (**dote**)
v. to show excessive affection
## Footnote
Her parents were strict but her grandparents always _doted_ on her and showered her with gifts.
Root: *dot* (from Middle English *doten*, meaning "to be foolish")
164
# Define:
frangible
| (**fran**-djuh-buhl)
adj. fragile; easily broken
## Footnote
The _frangible_ statue was accidently pushed over and shattered.
Root: *frang* (from Latin *frangere*, meaning "to break"), Suffix: *-ible* (meaning "capable of")
165
# Define:
dupe
| (**dewp**)
n. a person who is easily tricked
v. to deceive
## Footnote
The lying politician made those who had voted for him seem like _dupes_.
Root: *dup* (from French *dupe*, meaning "deceived person")
166
# Define:
magnanimous
| (mag-**nan**-uh-muhss)
adj. noble in spirit, generous in forgiving others
## Footnote
Susan's _magnanimous_ personality made her many life-long friends.
Prefix: *magn-* (from Latin *magnus*, meaning "great"), Root: *anim* (from Latin *animus*, meaning "mind" or "spirit"), Suffix: *-ous* (meaning "full of")
167
# Define:
ebb
| (**eb**)
v. to decrease or recede
n. a decline
n. the outward flow of the tide
## Footnote
Her affection for him began to _ebb_ a few days after the hasty wedding.
Root: *ebb* (from Old English *ebbian*, meaning "to recede")
168
# Define:
wizen
| (**wiz**-uhn)
adj. shriveled, wrinkled, or withered, as of with old age
## Footnote
A _wizened_ old man was walking through the park.
Root: *wiz* (from Middle English *wisen*, meaning "to dry up")
169
# Define:
countermand
| (koun-ter-**mand**)
v. to annul, cancel, make a contrary order
## Footnote
The general _countermanded_ his previous order to retreat, telling the men to march straight into battle.
Prefix: *counter-* (meaning "against"), Root: *mand* (from Latin *mandare*, meaning "to order")
170
# Define:
ebullient
| (ih-**buhl**-yunt)
adj. very excited; joyously enthusiastic
## Footnote
Linda was _ebullient_ when she made it into the semifinals.
Prefix: *e-* (meaning "out"), Root: *bull* (from Latin *bullire*, meaning "to boil"), Suffix: *-ient* (indicating an adjective form)
171
# Define::
apogee
| (**ap**-uh-djee)
n. the highest point, zenith
## Footnote
The _apogee_ of the roller coaster terrified even the most seasoned riders.
Prefix: *apo-* (from Greek, meaning "away from"), Root: *gee* (from Greek *gē*, meaning "earth")
172
# Define:
ecclesiastical
| (ih-klee-zee-**ass**-tih-kuhl)
adj. relating to the church
## Footnote
Mary decided to take up her _ecclesiastical_ concerns with the local priest.
Root: *ecclesi* (from Greek *ekklesia*, meaning "assembly"), Suffix: *-astical* (relating to or characteristic of)
173
# Define:
eclectic
| (ih-**klek**-tik)
adj. composed of parts from many different sources
## Footnote
The girl's fashion sense was an _eclectic_ mix of conservative Victorian and colorful modern styles.
Prefix: *ec-* (from Greek *ek*, meaning "out"), Root: *lect* (from Greek *legein*, meaning "to choose")
174
# Define:
edify
| (**ed**-ih-fahy)
v. to educate, instruct, or benefit, especially morally or spiritually; uplift
## Footnote
John attempted to _edify_ the impolite young man.
Root: *ed* (from Latin *aedificare*, meaning "to build"), Suffix: *-ify* (meaning "to make")
175
# Define:
efficacious
| (eff-ih-**kay**-shuss)
adj. producing or able to produce a desired result
## Footnote
The woman insisted that her herbal medicines would be the most _efficacious_ remedy for the young patient.
Root: *effic* (from Latin *efficere*, meaning "to accomplish"), Suffix: *-acious* (indicating having the quality of)
176
# Define:
puerile
| (**pyoo**-er-ill)
adj. childish, immature
## Footnote
The comedian had a _puerile_ sense of humor, invoking the bathroom in practically every joke.
Root: *puer* (from Latin *puer*, meaning "boy"), Suffix: *-ile* (indicating relating to or capable of)
177
# Define:
effrontery
| (ih-**frun**-tuh-ree)
n. unjustified arrogance or boldness
## Footnote
Although my sister had not invited me to her party, she had the _effrontery_ to ask me for help setting up.
Prefix: *ef-* (variant of *ex-*, meaning "out"), Root: *front* (from Latin *frons*, meaning "forehead" or "front")
178
# Define:
effusive
| (ih-**few**-siv)
adj. related to excessive or unchecked emotion; expressing feelings of gratitude
## Footnote
Susan's _effusive_ praise of Ramon's new car made him think that perhaps she didn't really like it.
Prefix: *ef-* (variant of *ex-*, meaning "out"), Root: *fus* (from Latin *fundere*, meaning "to pour"), Suffix: *-ive* (indicating having the nature of)
179
# Define:
tortuous
| (**tawr**-choo-uhs)
adj. winding, excessively complicated
## Footnote
The philosopher made a _tortuous_ argument that not many of his students followed.
Root: *tort* (from Latin *torquere*, meaning "to twist"), Suffix: *-uous* (indicating full of or having the quality of)
180
# Define:
debauchery
| (dih-**baw**-chuh-ree)
n. extreme sensual indulgence
## Footnote
The _debauchery_ in the movie was enough to make me blush.
Prefix: *de-* (indicating removal or reversal), Root: *bauch* (from Middle French *baucher*, meaning "to turn aside"), Suffix: *-ery* (indicating a practice or condition)
181
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. inactive for a period of time
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "d"*
dormant
## Footnote
synonyms: inactive, sleeping, inoperative, latent, idle, resting
The volcano has been _dormant_ for centuries.
182
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
He remained ________ on the couch, watching TV.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'r'.*
recumbent
## Footnote
adj. leaning, lying down
183
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to show excessive affection
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "d"*
dote
## Footnote
synonyms: favor, cherish, adore, pamper
She couldn't help but _dote_ on her new puppy.
184
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ glass shattered upon impact.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'f'.*
frangible
## Footnote
adj. fragile; easily broken
185
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. a person who is easily tricked
v. to deceive
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "d"*
dupe
## Footnote
synonyms: chump, sucker, victim, fool, gull
He was such a _dupe_, falling for every scam.
The con artist _duped_ him into giving away his money.
186
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Her ________ gesture of forgiveness surprised everyone.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'm'.*
magnanimous
## Footnote
adj. noble in spirit, generous in forgiving others
187
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to decrease or recede
n. a decline
n. the outward flow of the tide
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "e"*
ebb
## Footnote
synonyms: subside; regression, decline, diminution, retreat
As the excitement began to _ebb_, the crowd slowly dispersed.
The _ebb_ of support left the candidate discouraged.
188
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The once vibrant flowers began to ________ in the heat.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'w'.*
wizen
## Footnote
v. to shrivel, wrinkle, or wither, as of old age
189
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
v. to annul or cancel; to give a contrary order
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "c"*
countermand
## Footnote
synonyms: override, recall, revoke, rescind, retract
The general _countermanded_ the earlier attack order.
190
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ crowd cheered loudly for their team.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'e'.*
ebullient
## Footnote
adj. very excited; joyously enthusiastic
191
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. the highest point, zenith
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "a"*
apogee
## Footnote
synonyms: pinnacle, apex, summit, peak
The astronaut reached the _apogee_ of his career with the moon landing.
192
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The ________ leaders gathered for the annual conference.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'e'.*
ecclesiastical
## Footnote
adj. relating to the church
193
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. composed of parts from many different sources
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "e"*
eclectic
## Footnote
synonyms: heterogeneous, multifarious, varied, diverse
Her music taste is quite _eclectic_, ranging from classical to punk rock.
194
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The speaker's words were meant to ________ the audience.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'e'.*
edify
## Footnote
v. to educate, instruct, or benefit, especially morally or spiritually; uplift
195
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. producing or able to produce a desired result
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "e"*
efficacious
## Footnote
synonyms: efficient, capable, effective, potent
The treatment was _efficacious_ in curing the disease.
196
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
His ________ jokes irritated everyone at the meeting.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'p'.*
puerile
## Footnote
adj. childish, immature
197
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
n. unjustified arrogance or boldness
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "e"*
effrontery
## Footnote
synonyms: audacity, impudence, brashness, insolence
He had the _effrontery_ to insult the host at the dinner party.
198
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
Her ________ praise made everyone in the room uncomfortable.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'e'.*
effusive
## Footnote
adj. related to excessive or unchecked emotion; expressing feelings of gratitude
199
# Which vocabulary word means the following?
adj. winding, excessively complicated
## Footnote
*Hint: starts with "t"*
tortuous
## Footnote
synonyms: ambiguous, convoluted, indirect, circuitous, twisted
The legal contract was so _tortuous_ that no one could understand it.
200
# Fill in the blank with the most appropriate vocabulary word.
The party was known for its ________ and excess.
## Footnote
*Hint: The word starts with 'd'.*
debauchery
## Footnote
n. extreme sensual indulgence
