Adverse Effect

Question 1

muscle cramps

Answer 1

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor - Imatinib

Question 2

(1) Formation of inhibitors, anti-factor VIII/IX antibodies (IgG)(2) Viral infection(3) Thrombophlebitis at the infusion site(4) Bacterial contamination of the concentrate(5) Primary prophylaxis(a) Cost (very expensive)(b) Catheter-related infections (often a central venous line isnecessary)”

Answer 2

Factor VIII/IX replacement Plasma-derived products and Recombinant factor VIII/IX

Question 3

Acute infusion reactions, associated particularly with the first infusion, including fever, chills, urticaria, headache, bronchospasm, angioedema and hypotension

Answer 3

Rituximab

Question 4

a) Pulmonary emboli b) DVTc) MI

Answer 4

Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) and activated PCC(aPCC)

Question 5

Inhibition of protein synthesis in normal tissues which can lead to hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, clotting abnormalities due to deficient clotting factors, and hypoalbuminemia

Answer 5

Asparaginase

Question 6

stomatitis, conjunctivitis, dermatitis,

Answer 6

Cytarabine

Question 7

Myelosuppression

Answer 7

flucytosine

Question 8

Peripheral neuropathy

Answer 8

Fludarabine; Lamivudine (nucleoside analog of cytosine), Emtricitabine (fluorinated analog of lamivudine), Tenofovir (nucleotide analog of adenosine)

Question 9

N/V; diarrhea, dizziness; rare: neutropenia, anemia, hemolysis, allergic reactions

Answer 9

Artemisinin

Question 10

“Dose-related QT and PR intervals prolongation; Embryo-toxic, thus contraindicated in pregnancy”

Answer 10

Halofantrine

Question 11

Rash which could progress to Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Answer 11

Nonnucleoside: Efavirenz and TMP/SMX and Pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine

Question 12

Can cause anaphylaxis

Answer 12

iron dextran

Question 13

a. Formation of inhibitors b. Viral infection associated with use of plasma-derived product sc. Thrombophlebitis at the infusion site

Answer 13

Plasma-derived vWF-containing products

Question 14

neurotoxic, urotoxic, myelosuppression

Answer 14

cyclophosphamide

Question 15

cardiotoxic

Answer 15

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin - anthracyclines

Question 16

Mucositis

Answer 16

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin - anthracyclines; methotrexate

Question 17

Cough, pyrexia, upper respiratory tract infection, rash, musculoskeletal symptoms, abdominal pain and postural dizziness, Hepatotoxicity

Answer 17

Penetration blocker: Maraviroc

Question 18

ECG abnormalities

Answer 18

Mefloquine; Chloroquine; Quinine

Question 19

Dry skin, cheilitis, reversible hepatic enzyme abnormalities

Answer 19

Tretinoin

Question 20

– Hyperlipidemia– Leukopenia– Thrombocytopenia

Answer 20

sirolimus

Question 21

Pruritus; Nausea, abdominal pain, blurring of vision; Hemolysis in persons deficient in G6PD; Hypotension; ECG changes: QRS widening; T wave abnormalities

Answer 21

Chloroquine

Question 22

lipoatrophy

Answer 22

Lamivudine (nucleoside analog of cytosine), Emtricitabine (fluorinated analog of lamivudine), Tenofovir (nucleotide analog of adenosine)

Question 23

Mitochondrial toxicity due to inhibition of mitochondrial DNA polymerase-γ

Answer 23

Lamivudine (nucleoside analog of cytosine), Emtricitabine (fluorinated analog of lamivudine), Tenofovir (nucleotide analog of adenosine)

Question 24

pancreatitis

Answer 24

Lamivudine (nucleoside analog of cytosine), Emtricitabine (fluorinated analog of lamivudine), Tenofovir (nucleotide analog of adenosine)

Question 25

Antigenicity as a foreign protein-Hypersensitivity reactions can occur and may be fatal

Answer 25

Asparaginase

Question 26

seizures, dementia, and coma (cerebral toxicity)

Answer 26

Cytarabine

Question 27

Peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, lipoatrophy, myopathy, anemia, increased transaminases Mitochondrial toxicity due to inhibition of mitochondrial DNA polymerase-γ

Answer 27

Lamivudine (nucleoside analog of cytosine), Emtricitabine (fluorinated analog of lamivudine), Tenofovir (nucleotide analog of adenosine)

Question 28

can cause allergic reactions (pruritus, wheals,rash, anaphylaxis)

Answer 28

Deferoxamine

Question 29

↑Risk of reactivating latent tuberculosis – screenpatients for TB; ↑Risk of demyelinating disease

Answer 29

TNF-α Inhibitors: Etanercept, Infliximab, Adalimumab

Question 30

myelosuppression, N/V, anorexia

Answer 30

Mercaptopurine, Fludarabine

Question 31

Lower risk of anaphylactic reactions

Answer 31

Sodium Ferric gluconate and iron sucrose

Question 32

Hepatotoxicity

Answer 32

Penetration blocker: Maraviroc; cyclosporine; Amodiaquine; Protease inhibitors: Atazanavir, Darunavir, Ritonavir

Question 33

Well-tolerated: diarrhea, nausea, dizziness, and headache

Answer 33

Integrase inhibitor: raltegravir

Question 34

Hemolytic abnormalities; Hypoglycemia; ECG abnormalities; Flushing; Hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 34

Quinine and Quinidine

Question 35

Diarrhea

Answer 35

leflunomide

Question 36

Nephrotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity can occur after long-term use

Answer 36

methotrexate

Question 37

reversible hepatic enzyme elevations, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema; GI disturbances; myelosuppression

Answer 37

Cytarabine

Question 38

Metabolic changes including increased lipids, insulin insensitivity, and central fat accumulation

Answer 38

Protease inhibitors: Atazanavir, Darunavir, Ritonavir

Question 39

Neutropenia, aplastic anemia and hepatotoxicity are common adverse effects

Answer 39

Amodiaquine

Question 40

edema (ankles and periorbital tissues)

Answer 40

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor - Imatinib

Question 41

Skin necrosis, fetal toxicity, and bleeding

Answer 41

warfarin

Question 42

Cinchonism: Tinnitus; Headache; Visual disturbances; Nausea; Dizziness

Answer 42

Quinine and Quinidine

Question 43

Almost all patients develop local injection site reactions,with mild or moderate pain, erythema, induration, nodules and cysts

Answer 43

enfuvirtide

Question 44

hepato-, nephro-,& neuro—toxicity; hypertension, hyperlipidemia

Answer 44

cyclosporine

Question 45

Prolonged high dose - Irreversible ototoxicity; retinopathy; myopathy; peripheral neuropathy

Answer 45

Chloroquine

Question 46

bleeding and risk of hemorrhage; HIT

Answer 46

Heparin and LWMH

Question 47

Tissue necrosis upon extravasation

Answer 47

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin - anthracyclines; dacarbazine

Question 48

Facial flushing

Answer 48

DDAVP (desmopressin)

Question 49

GI symptoms; photosensitivity

Answer 49

Doxycycline

Question 50

↑Risk of cancer, especially bladder cancer

Answer 50

cyclophosphamide

Question 51

ataxia and slurred speech (Cerebellar toxicity)

Answer 51

Cytarabine

Question 52

Antidiuretic effects: water retention and dilutional hyponatremia

Answer 52

DDAVP (desmopressin)

Question 53

(a) heartburn (b) constipation or diarrhea (c) nausea (more prevalent at higher doses) (d) upper abdominal pain (more prevalent at higher doses)

Answer 53

oral iron

Question 54

N/V, Rash, Hepatitis, Endocrinologic abnormalities: women, menstrual irregularities; men, gynecomastia; due to inhibition of steroid biosynthesis

Answer 54

azoles, particularly ketoconazole

Question 55

Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash

Answer 55

"Atovaquone-proguanilaka Malarone"

Question 56

Hyperpigmentation, hyperkeratosis, erythema, and ulcerations over the elbows, knuckles, and other pressure areas

Answer 56

Bleomycin

Question 57

Begins with cough and rales progressing to fibrosis;may be reversible but patients die of this complication.

Answer 57

Bleomycin

Question 58

numbness and tingling of the extremities and loss of deep tendon reflexes, and motor weakness (Neurotoxicity)

Answer 58

vincristine

Question 59

Stevens Johnson syndrome; kernicterus in infants; Acute hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficiency; Crystalluria

Answer 59

TMP/SMX and Pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine

Question 60

Nephrotoxicity, normochromic and normocytic anemia

Answer 60

Polyenes: Amphotericin B