Agencies of Development Flashcards

Question

overal eval of ingos

Answer 1

.aid worthy and often highly successful at. local level, but not enough of it to transform a global situation

Answer 2

.smaller and more effective than large star beaurocracies .continuity unlike gov aid which can be affected by elections .not driven by profit unlike tncs

Answer 3

.somwrtimes work to closely w govs/rely on gov funds .have links w tncs which are often corrupt .some ngos have portrayed ppl in dev. countries as victims and objects of pity that are unable to help themselves - more for developed world to feel like they've achieved smth

Answer 4

.comprises a loose collection of ingos, activist groups and others that overlap w anti-gl. movement .theres a debate on whether there's a coherent gcs or whether the orgs. are too different and lack any common focus

Answer 5

.'civil society' - networks of groups and orgs that exist in ant society between in. and families as well as state - size and vitality of cs often seen as as a sign of health in soc in general

Answer 6

.meant that worldwide cs is emerging, made up of all groups and org. who's interests and antivirus are no longer confined to one state

Answer 7

.activists focus on working on one particular area of concern and can be seen forming clusters working within global social movement - movements have grown in size as ppl around world become disenchanted w trad. politics and issues it tends to focus on and seek new ways of expressing themselves and demanding change

Answer 8

.emergence of anti-gl. movement - global justice movement .global activist come together to protest at imp and wto meetings - represent many gsm groups .acts as a voice of a wide range on radicals, reformists, creating a board that opposes neoliberal gl.

Answer 9

.states cooperate to set up growing no. of suprastate org. .can cover large areas e.g. un but can also be regional e.g. African Union

Answer 10

.set up partly to promote dev. but activist in this area were initially limited by a lack of commitment from developed countries .1960s - many colonies become ind. and had vote in un general assembly so voices from third world began to be more influential - but votes weren't binding .real power within un w security council w 15 members .also takess on peacekeeping role in conflicting situations

Answer 11

.wide variety of programmes and agencies - may take on more radical and pro-south line than ima, wto bus of numerical strength of dev. countries when voting based on one-country-one-vote rather than on econ. strength/financial contributions .e.g. human development report - more radical interp. than world banks world develop. report

Answer 12

.United Nations develop. programme (undp) - provides grants for sustainable develop. and produces humans develop. report .who .world food programme - provides food aid in disaster and emergency situations - wfp buys food to distribute but also accepts donations

Answer 13

.brings together 28 nation-states in our. - total amount spent on aid by eu states bilaterally and through eu ins. multilaterally is over $50 bil and makes eu and it smemebr worlds largest aid donor

Answer 14

.run the world econ. - internet. monetary fund, world bank and world trade org. - formally part of un system but are separate .imf and world banks has voting based on financial contributions meaning they're essentially under contRolmof developed countries - developed countries reject attempts to reform allocation if votes .both large beaurocratic org. in which admirals goals e.g. pov alleviation can be lost within internal demands of org.

Answer 15

-initial role was to control system of fixed exchange rates based on gold - system ended in early 70s and imf lacked clear role until deb cries began in 80s - became a financial police for countries in debt, giving loans provided that countries adopt an imf econ programme w many countries adopting this

Answer 16

.adheres strictly to neoliberal policies despite lack of ev. of its effectiveness .imposes sam conditions on all, regardless of how far country has developed and what resources it requires - creates a system if inequality where countries are gin resources that they don't need while others are in severe need of resources yet do not have enough/none at all .failed to foresee econ. crises - effects are much worse

Answer 17

.always had clear develop. goal than imf .raises money from finance markets at much lower rate of interest than govs would be able to and then passes rate onto members - enables gov of dev. contries to borrow at much lower rates of interest than they could commercially .also provides internat. develop. ass. loans to poorest countries at 0 interest .recently focused more on pov eradication, setting of millennial dev. goals strengthened this

Answer 18

.has been restricted to lending specific projects e.g. dams which were often inappropriate .still ass. w saps as works closely w imf

Answer 19

.set up largest at the instigation of the usa - wants to push for neoliberal reforms inure of trade .in theory all members have equal say but non votes are taken and decisions are reached by consensus - means decision making often difficult and talks usually end w/o agreement

Answer 20

.decision making undemocratic - poorer countries in there have avid but in practice are excluded from important org. .ineffective in making rich nations reduce subsidies and tariffs when they're determined not to .gives free trade priority, even over sustainable develop.

Answer 21

.main place developed countries meet - reps of govs and central banks of member countries disuss global econ. issues