AIDS/HIV

Question 1

They are two infamous names surrounding the study of immunology

Answer 1

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Question 2

It is a retrovirus that attacks cells of the immune system, leading to a loss of immune function and often the development of AIDS

Answer 2

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 3

It is a DISEASE state caused by infection with HIV, leading to a progressive deterioriation of the immune system and characterized by development of a large number of OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS

Answer 3

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Question 4

T or F

AIDS causes the disease that attacks the immune system

Answer 4

False

HIV causes the disease

Question 5

T or F

HIV is a condition caused by the development of the virus

Answer 5

False

AIDS is the condition

Question 6

It is the causative agent of AIDS

Answer 6

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 7

What is the enzyme that the virus possesses which allows it to integrate its genome into the host cell’s DNA

Answer 7

reverse transcriptase

Question 8

What are the specific glycoproteins found in the membrane envelope that helps in facilitating the binding and absorption of CD4+ T-lymphocytes

Answer 8

gp41 and gp120

Question 9

As HIV begins to infect its host, where does it binds?

Answer 9

it binds to the receptors found on the SURFACE of the cell.

Question 10

where does the catalyzation of the viral DNA takes place?

Answer 10

from the original DNA of the host cell by the viral RNA

Question 11

what is the enzyme that helps in the budding of the new virus particles that contains the viral RNA and viral proteins

Answer 11

protease

Question 12

what are the 2 types of HIV?

Answer 12

HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV type 2 (HIV-2)

Question 13

This type of HIV is found throughout the world

Answer 13

HIV-1

Question 14

this type of HIV is most common in WEST AFRICAN countries, and is less likely to spread due to LOWER virus levels in people that are infected

Answer 14

HIV-2

Question 15

risk factors & mode of transmission of HIV are not limited to only _______________, _____________, and _______________.

Answer 15

sexual contact, parenteral, transplacental transmission

Question 16

_____________ occurs mainly in sexually active individuals that participate in sexual intercourse, especially those that are not in a ____________ relationship.

Answer 16

Sexual transmission; monogamous

Question 17

Body fluids such as __________, __________, ___________, and ______________ can transmit the virus through condomless anal or vaginal sex.

Answer 17

semen, pre-ejaculate, rectal fluids, and vaginal fluids

Question 18

It occurs primarily via the blood through contaminated needles that are injected on the skin

Answer 18

Parenteral transmission

Question 19

These (4) are processes that can transmit the virus directly into the host’s bloodstream.

Answer 19

Blood transfusion, tattooing, ear piercing, and injection

Question 20

this occurs between a mother and her baby

Answer 20

Transplacental transmission

Question 21

this accounts for most childhood HIV infections and may occur during second and third trimesters of pregnancy, labor and delivery, or breastfeeding

Answer 21

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT)

Question 22

HIV cannot be transmitted via ______________ with an infected person

Answer 22

physical contact

Question 23

These (2) type of transmission also do not spread the virus

Answer 23

airborne and droplet transmission

Question 24

what is the incubation period of HIV where the patient is ASYMPTOMATIC

Answer 24

less than a year to about 10 years

Question 25

what is Stage 1 of HIV

Answer 25

Acute HIV Infection

Question 26

What is stage 2 of HIV

Answer 26

Chronic HIV Infection

Question 27

What is stage 3 of HIV

Answer 27

AIDS

Question 28

what symptoms will people generally experience as part of the body's natural response to the infection

Answer 28

flu-like symptoms

Question 29

what symptoms will the person experience within two to four weeks if he has infection

Answer 29

fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle achaes, sore throat, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, mouth ulcers

Question 30

as virus progresses to stage 2, it enters ____________ stage as the infection becomes CHRONIC

Answer 30

clinical latency stage

Question 31

T or F The virus multiplies inside the host at a fast rate, hence, the host feels the symptoms

Answer 31

False The virus multiplies at a SLOWER rate, hence, host feels NO symptoms and is ASYMPTOMATIC

Question 32

this stage is where HIV progresses to AIDS as the virus continues to weaken the host's immune system

Answer 32

Late Stage of HIV Infection (Stage 3)