Airport Lights/Markings

Question 1

2 Bar VASI

Answer 1

Question 2

3 Bar VASI

Answer 2

Question 3

PAPI

Answer 3

• Visible from 5 miles during the day and up to 20 miles at night
• Obstruction clearance within plus or minus 10 degrees of the extended runway centerline

Question 4

Tri-Color Visual Approach Slope Indicator

Answer 4

• Typically one single light on left side of RWY

Question 5

REILS

Answer 5

• Provide rapid and positive identification of the approach end of a particular runway
• Pair of synchronized flashing lights located laterally on each side of the runway threshold
• May be omni or unidirectional

Question 6

RWY Edge Light Systems

Answer 6

• HIRLS (High),MIRLS (Medium), or LIRLS (Low) Intensity
• White
• On instrument runways yellow replaces white on the last 2,000 feet or half the runway length, whichever is less.

Question 7

Runway Centerline Lighting System (RCLS)

Answer 7

• Precision approach RWYs
• 50’ intervals
• White until the last 3000’
• Alternate red and white for next 2000’
• Red for final 1000’

Question 8

Touchdown Zone Lights (TDZL)

Answer 8

• Precision approach RWY
• 2 rows of light bars placed symmetrically about RWY centerline
• Steady burning white lights
• Start 100’ beyond threshold
• Extend to 3,000 feet beyond the landing threshold or to the midpoint of the runway, whichever is less

Question 9

Taxiway Centerline Lead-Off Lights

Answer 9

• Visual guidance to persons exiting the runway
• Alternate green and yellow

Question 10

Taxiway Centerline Lead-On Lights

Answer 10

• Visual guidance to persons entering the runway
• Alternate green and yellow

Question 11

Land and Hold Short Lights

Answer 11

• Indicate hold short point on RWY with LAHSO
• A row of pulsing white lights installed across the runway at the hold short point
• On when LAHSO active
• Off when LAHSO inactive

Question 12

Airport Marking Colors

Answer 12

• RWY - White
• TWY - Yellow
• Areas not intended for use by aircraft - Yellow
• Hold Position Markings - Yellow

Question 13

Types of Signs at Aiports

Answer 13

1. Mandatory instruction signs
2. Location signs
3. Direction signs
4. Destination signs
5. Information signs
6. Runway distance remaining signs

Question 14

Mandatory Instruction Signs

Answer 14

• White letters on white background
• Show entrance to RWY
• Show areas where AC are prohibited

Question 15

Location Signs

Answer 15

• Black with yellow writing
• Identify either a taxiway or runway on which the aircraft is located

Question 16

Runway Boundary Sign

Answer 16

• Yellow background with black inscription
• Visual cue to show when AC is “clear of the runway.”

Question 17

ILS Critical Area Boundary Sign

Answer 17

• Yellow background with a black inscription with a graphic depicting the ILS pavement holding position marking
• Located adjacent to red/white mandatory sign
• Must not cross without ATC clearance

Question 18

Direction Signs

Answer 18

• Yellow background with a black inscription

Question 19

Destination Signs

Answer 19

• Yellow background with black writing
• Have an arrow showing the direction of the taxiing route to that destination

Question 20

Information Signs

Answer 20

• Yellow background with black writing
• Information on:
  
  • Areas that cannot be seen from the control tower
  • Applicable radio frequencies
  • Noise abatement procedures, etc.

Question 21

Runway Distance Remaining Signs

Answer 21

• Black background with white numeral
• Indicates the distance (in thousands of feet) of landing runway remaining

Question 22

Types of TWY Lights

Answer 22

• TWY Edge Lights
• TWY Centerline Lights
• Clearance Bar Lights
• RWY Guard Lights
• Stop Bar Lights

Question 23

TWY Centerline Lights

Answer 23

• Steady burning green light

Question 24

Clearance Bar Lights

Answer 24

• Installed at holding positions on taxiways
• Show location of an intersecting taxiway
• 3 in-pavement steady-burning yellow lights.

Question 25

RWY Guard Lights

Answer 25

* Installed at taxiway/runway intersections * Pair of elevated flashing yellow lights on either side of TWY Or, * A row of in-pavement yellow lights across TWY at the runway holding position marking

Question 26

Stop Bar Lights

Answer 26

* Confirm the ATC clearance to enter or cross the active RWY * A row of red, unidirectional, steady in-pavement lights across TWY at RWY holding position, and elevated steady-burning red lights on each side

Question 27

Enhanced Centerline

Answer 27

* Parallel line of yellow dashes on either side of the normal TWY centerline * Enhanced for a maximum of 150' prior to a runway holding position marking * Warn pilot of approaching a RWY hold position marking

Question 28

Code Beacons

Answer 28

* ID airports and landmarks * Flashes the 3-4 character airport ID in Morse Code 6-8 times per minute * Land airports flash green * Water airports flash yellow

Question 29

Aviation Red Obstruction Lights

Answer 29

* Flashing red beacons (20-40 flashes per minute) and steady red lights during night ops * Orange and white paint is used for daytime marking

Question 30

Medium Intensity Flashing White Obstruction Lights

Answer 30

* Daytime/Twilight * Reduced intensity for night ops * Not normally installed on structures less than 200' AGL * When used on structures 500' AGL or less, other methods of marking and lighting may be omitted * Orange and white paint required on structures 500' AGL or more for daytime ops

Question 31

High Intensity White Obstruction Light

Answer 31

* Flashing high intensity white lights during day with reduced intensity for twilight and night ops * Marking of structures with red obstruction lights and orange and white paint may be omitted

Question 32

Dual Lighting

Answer 32

* Flashing red beacons and steady red lights for night ops * Flashing high intensity white lights for daytime ops * Orange and white paint may be omitted

Question 33

Catenary Lights

Answer 33

* Lighted markers for increased night conspicuity of high-voltage transmission line * Lighted markers provide conspicuity both day and night.