Airway Emergencies and Management

Question 1

What is intermittent positive pressure ventilation?

Answer 1

external application of positive pressure to provide adequate ventilation to the lungs.

Question 2

When to ventilate your patient?

Answer 2

RR under 10 or over 30, inadequate tidal volume, increased/decreased c02.

Question 3

Label the endotracheal intubation picture.

Answer 3

A - ET Tube
B - Valve
C - trachea
D - oesophagus

Question 4

When should we intubate?

Answer 4

Persistent vomiting/aspiration
Prolonged transport ties with artificial ventilation required.
Airway has lost protective reflexes

Question 5

Complications of endotracheal intubation?

Answer 5

Oesophageal intubation. accidental extubation, hypoxia, aspiration and induction of vomiting, trauma to soft tissues/teeth. Increasing C spine. Blockage of the tube, induced bradycardia.

Question 6

Types of procedures used in intubation

Answer 6

BURP Procedure (Backwards, upwards, rightwards pressure)
Cricoid pressure - Sellick maneuver

Question 7

End tidal c02 monitoring?

Answer 7

Measurement of ventilation and indirectly circulation and metabolic status.

Question 8

Normal levels of c02 in a healthy person?

Answer 8

4.5 - 6.0kPa - If the patient is constantly ventilated, decreased in ETCO2 may represent in a fall in the quality of CPR.

Question 9

POST ROSC Patient?

Answer 9

High C02 - cerebral vasodilation, which may increase ICP
Low CO2 - cerebral vasoconstriction decreases cerebral blood flow- poorer neurological outcome.