Al-Mehdi NM Pharmacotherapeutics

Question 1

Autoimmune disorder resulting in loss of presynaptic neuronal VGCCs and impaired ACh release

Answer 1

Lambert-Eaton Syndrome

Question 2

patient presents with weakness what do you automatically think

Answer 2

muscle weakness

Question 3

fluctuating muscle weakness sign of

Answer 3

neuromuscular junction problems

Question 4

AchE in synapse of NMJ allows for what to be recycled

Answer 4

choline

Question 5

in the spinal cord, NOT NMJ, what prevents GABA release by degrading synaptobrevin

Answer 5

Tetanus toxin

Question 6

at the NMJ level, what degrades SNAP-25 and syntaxin causing no release of Ach

Answer 6

Botulinum toxin

Question 7

Nm receptor blockers end in

Answer 7

“curonium”

Question 8

Nm receptor agonists

Answer 8

succinylcholine
acetylcholine
nicotine

Question 9

Nm only location in the body

Answer 9

NMJ

Question 10

autoimmune disease targeting VGKC and increase in Ach release

Answer 10

neuromyotonia

Question 11

condition where your muscles are unable to relax after contraction

Answer 11

myotonia

Question 12

NMJ disorders highest prevelance in what populations

Answer 12

younger women and older men

Question 13

this can lead to myasthenia gravis and targets Nm

Answer 13

Thymoma

Question 14

this is associated w/ Lambert-Eaton syndrome and targets p/q type VGCC

Answer 14

small cell lung cancer

Question 15

features include: painless, fluctuating muscle weakness and Ptosis; weakness increases with continued activity

Answer 15

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 16

other main clinical features include dysarthria and myasthenic sneer

Answer 16

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 17

defined as the need for ventilator support for respiratory muscle weakness

Answer 17

myasthenic crisis

Question 18

ocular findings of this include shifting ptosis (from one eye to the other)

Answer 18

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 19

To diagnose MG:

Answer 19

AChE inhibitors

Question 20

AChE inhibitors used to diagnose MG:

Answer 20

Neostigmine and Edrophonium

Question 21

everything slows down on EMG

Answer 21

MG

Question 22

amplitude increases on EMG for this

Answer 22

Lambert-Eaton syndrome

Question 23

drug used to manage MG

Answer 23

Pyridostigmine bromide

Question 24

surgery to perform for MG

Answer 24

thymectomy

Question 25

type of drugs used to treat MG

Answer 25

immunosuppressants

Question 26

Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus inhibit what

Answer 26

calcineurin (decrease in IL-2)

Question 27

monoclonal Ab against CD20 (inhibits B cells)

Answer 27

Rituximab

Question 28

Eculizumab is monoclonal antibody against what

Answer 28

C5 (MAC)

Question 29

glucocorticoid that inhibits B cells

Answer 29

Prednisone

Question 30

Azathioprine and Mycophenolate Mofetil MoA

Answer 30

inhibit B cell and have cytotoxic effects

Question 31

1st line immunosuppressant drugs for MG:

Answer 31

Azathioprine and Prednisone

Question 32

lower extremity weakness and dry mouth features of

Answer 32

Lambert-Eaton syndrome

Question 33

small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) has antibodies against what transcription factor

Answer 33

SOX1

Question 34

test for LEMS

Answer 34

triple timed up and go test

Question 35

Lambert-Eaton Syndrome isassociated w/ what carcinoma

Answer 35

small cell lung carcinoma

Question 36

MoA for Amifampridine (3,4-Diaminopyridine) and used to treat...

Answer 36

opens VGCC and increases Ach release; used to treat LEMS

Question 37

cause of denervation atrophy (important for trophic function of muscle)

Answer 37

non-vesicular Ach release

Question 38

Nm blockers that are used for general anesthetics end in

Answer 38

-curium

Question 39

after surgery, paralysis is reversed by IV what

Answer 39

Neostigmine

Question 40

neuromuscular blockade drug that can lead to malignant hyperthermia

Answer 40

succinylcholine

Question 41

caused by mutation in RyR and use of succinylcholine and halothane

Answer 41

malignant hyperthermia

Question 42

increase in end-tidal CO2 during ventilation is a sign of what

Answer 42

malignant hyperthermia

Question 43

to treat malignant hyperthermia

Answer 43

Dantrolene

Question 44

velocity-dependent increase in resistance to passive movement

Answer 44

spasticity

Question 45

chronic spasticity

Answer 45

contracture

Question 46

sign of UMN lesion

Answer 46

spasticity

Question 47

Tizanidine and Baclofen are what

Answer 47

antispastic drugs

Question 48

alpha2 agonist used as antispastic drug; inhibits release of Ach

Answer 48

Tizanidine

Question 49

GABAb agonist used as antispastic drug

Answer 49

Baclofen

Question 50

GABA a agonist used as antispastic drug

Answer 50

benzodiazepines

Question 51

adverse effects of antispastic drugs

Answer 51

sedation

Question 52

one of the most prescribed drugs in the ED used to treat muscle spasm caused by local tissue trauma or muscle strains

Answer 52

Cyclobenzaprine