Alcohol (test 1)

Question 1

drinking guidelines for men

Answer 1

• 15 drinks a week

- no more than 3 a day most days

Question 2

drinking guidelines for women

Answer 2

• 10 drinks a week

- no more than 2 a day most days

Question 3

heavy drinking

Answer 3

• drinking 5 or more drinks in one occasion

- 12 or more times over the past year

Question 4

typical spike in drinking habits

Answer 4

18-24

Question 5

Mac got your back campaign

Answer 5

education on a standard drink

Question 6

BAC of intoxication

Answer 6

0.08

Question 7

BAC to vomit, and trigger zone

Answer 7

0.15, trigger zone is Area Postrema

Question 8

ethyl alcool

Answer 8

• drinking alcohol

- smaller and can get into bloodstream easier

Question 9

methyl alcohol

Answer 9

fuel and industrial solvents

Question 10

isopropyl alcohol

Answer 10

rubbing alcohol

Question 11

________ inhibitory neurotransmitters

Answer 11

increases

• GABA
• glycine
• adenosine

Question 12

________ excitatory neurotransmitters

Answer 12

decreases

• glutamate
• aspartate

Question 13

too much firing of neurotransmitters may cause ________

Answer 13

seizures

Question 14

glutamate with acute use

Answer 14

• inhibition of glutamate transmission by reducing, decreasing the effectiveness of glutamate at the NMDA receptors
• memory loss

Question 15

glutamate with chronic use

Answer 15

• increases the number of NMDA receptors in response to reduced glutamate activity

Question 16

glutamate response in withdrawal

Answer 16

increased glutamate activity , brain damage

Question 17

GABA with acute use

Answer 17

enhances GABA induced Cl- influx

hyper polarization

Question 18

GABA with chromic use

Answer 18

neuro-adaptation compensates for initial GABA enhancing, contributes to appearance of tolerance and signs of withdrawal (seizures)

Question 19

dopamine with acute use

Answer 19

increase in transmission in meso-limbic tract (pleasure)

Question 20

dopamine with chronic use

Answer 20

reduced firing rate

drink more to chase the feeling of the original happy pleasure

Question 21

opioids response to withdrawal

Answer 21

negative affect

Question 22

opioids with acute use

Answer 22

increase in endogenous opioid synthesis and release (reinforcement)

Question 23

opioids with chronic use

Answer 23

neuro-adaptive decrease in endorphin levels (dysphoria)

Question 24

first ___% of alcohol absorbed in stomach

Answer 24

10%

Question 25

rest absorbed in what order ________

Answer 25

The intestines, bloodstream, then the liver

Question 26

how much can the body effectively metabolize

Answer 26

1 drink per hour

Question 27

symptoms of intoxication

Answer 27

- relaxation - memory deficits - decreased social inhibition - decreased judgement - decreased coordination - impaired fine motor - delayed reaction time

Question 28

what factors can impact impairment

Answer 28

- speed of consumption - food consumption - mixed with drugs - frequency of alcohol consumption - mood and physiological makeup - size, weight, sex

Question 29

male vs. females

Answer 29

- alcohol dehydrogenase is 60% more active in genetic males | - leaving an increased percent of alcohol to be absorbed in the blood of women

Question 30

alcohol breakdown

Answer 30

alcohol broken down by alcohol dehydrogenase into acetaldehyde which is broken down by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase into acetic acid which is broken down by oxidation into CO2, H2O, energy

Question 31

Alcohol and dopamine neurons

Answer 31

- causes increased firing of dopamine neurons - NOT increase in dopamine throughout the brain - dopamine increase in reward pathway

Question 32

alcohol induced brain damage

Answer 32

- increased ventricle size from neuronal death | - decrease in axon health

Question 33

hierarchal organization

Answer 33

Higher levels of information processing control the more complex aspects of behaviour