Alcohols

Question 1

What is an alcohol?

Answer 1

A molecule containing a hydroxyl functional group(OH)

Question 2

What is the molecular formula for an alcohol

Answer 2

CnH2n+1OH

Question 3

What are the three different types of alcohols?

Answer 3

Primary, secondary, tertiary

Question 4

What are primary alcohols?

Answer 4

Alcohols where 1 carbon is attached to the carbon with the OH bond

Question 5

What are secondary alcohols?

Answer 5

Alcohols where 2 carbons are attached to the carbon with the OH bond

Question 6

What are tertiary alcohols?

Answer 6

Alcohols where three carbons are attached to the carbon with the OH bond

Question 7

What are alcohols with two hydroxyl groups and three hydroxyl groups called?

Answer 7

Diol, triol

Question 8

Do hydroxyl groups make the alcohol more or less polar? What type of bonding occurs because of the hydroxyl groups?

Answer 8

More polar which gives rise to hydrogen bonding

Question 9

What does hydrogen bonding do to the boiling point, viscosity and solubility of the alcohols?

Answer 9

-Increases the boiling point when the number of hydroxyl groups increases as more energy is required to break the hydrogen bonds between the molecules
-The more hydroxyl groups the more hydrogen bonds can form the more viscous the liquid is so in an experiment the air bubble will take longer to move in a liquid with a high number of hydroxyl groups
-Alcohols are polar so they dissolve in other polar liquids eg. Water but don’t dissolve in non polar liquids eg. Hexane