Alimentary - Neoplasia

Question 1

Common clinical signs of oral tumors

Answer 1

• pain (dysphagia or anorexia)
• swelling
• ulceration & bleeding
• Halitosis
• Hypersalivation

Question 2

• Common ulcerative lesion of cats and artic dogs
• Ulcerated solitary masses & plaques of oropharynx, lips
• Eosinophilic granulomatous inflammation with FLAME FIGURES

Answer 2

Eosinophilic Granulomas

Question 3

• Raised thickened, hyperemic plaques of gingiva & buccal mucosa of CATS
• Severe submucosal lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates lead to erosions & ulcers

Answer 3

Chronic Lymphocytic Plasmacytic-Gingivits-Stomatits (LPGS)

Question 4

• Parapoxviruses causing contagious ecthyma (ORF) in camelids & bovine PS
• ZOONOTIC

Answer 4

Papular Stomatitis

Question 5

• Benign exophytic, verrucous masses common of young animals
• Hyperplastic & dysplastic stratified squamous epithelium
• Viral papillomas -> cytotoxic T cells -> regression

Answer 5

Papillomas

Question 6

• Benign proliferative gingival condition of older dogs (especially Boxers)
• Associated with chronic gingivitis / periodontal disease
• FIRM
• DDx: POF
• Histology: hyperplastic mucosa & proliferative fibrovascular tissue (PFVT)

Answer 6

Fibrogingival Hyperplasia (FGH)

Question 7

• Benign proliferative neoplasm of periodontal ligament origin
• Pedunculated or sessile
• FIRM-HARD, epithelium covered
• Excision is curable, may arise elsewhere in oral cavity
• DDx: FGH, AA
• Histology: islands of odontogenic epithelium (rests of malassez), periodontal-like stroma

Answer 7

Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma
(POF)

Question 8

• Locally AGGRESSIVE neoplasm frequently infiltrating bone & causing local tissue destruction
• Subgingival islands of neoplastic ameloblasts
• No metastasis, but post-surgical recurrence common
• Histology: cords & solid sheets of neoplastic ameloblasts +/- osseous & dentinous elements

Answer 8

Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma
(AA)

Question 9

• Most common canine oral malignancy
• Local tissue destruction & rapid metastasis
• Guarded/Grave/Poor prognosis

Answer 9

Oral Melanoma

Question 10

• Locally invasive & aggressive metastatic ulcerated masses
• Destroy local tissue and bone
• FIRM masses from desmoplasia
• Cats & dogs&raquo_space; horses & cattle; older animals
• Cats sublingual mucosa > gingiva
• Dogs tonsils & gingiva
• Histology: exophytic or endophytic, cords & nests of atypical squamous epithelium, desmosomes, keratinization, keratin pearls, secondary ulcers & inflammation

Answer 10

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Question 11

• Solid tumor masses & diffuse infiltrative GI neoplasms
• Cat: most common GI neoplasm, poor prognosis
• Cow: abomasal site most common GI neoplasm
• Horse: most common intestinal neoplasm
• Dog: similar frequency to intestinal carcinomas
• Histology: diffuse infiltration by neoplastic round cells with scant cytoplasm

Answer 11

Alimentary Lymphoma

Question 12

• Invasive neoplasm with desmoplasia and metastasis to regional lymph nodes
• Most common GI neoplasm in dogs
• Carcinomatosis common
• Poor prognosis
• Clinical signs: gastric ulcer, vomiting, anorexia, constipation & pain, tenesmus, hematochezia

Answer 12

Adenocarcinoma

Question 13

• Less common neoplasm associated with pyloric & duodenal ulcers
• Increased circulating histamine

Answer 13

Mast Cell Tumors

Question 14

• Infiltrative lesion of lamina propria and submucosa causing secondary erosions/ulcers, crypt atrophy, & fibrosis
• Chronic inflammation -> dysmotility -> secondary smooth muscle hypertrophy
• Chronic, progressive prognosis

Answer 14

Inflammatory Bowel Disease
(Eosinophilic / Lymphoplasmacytic Inflammation)