Alkenes

Question 1

Structure and bonding in Alkenes

Answer 1

Planar, 120

Question 2

Why does E-Z isomerism exist?

Answer 2

Rigidity about the pi bond between the carbon-carbon

Question 3

Stereoisomers

Answer 3

Molecules with the same molecular formula and the same arrangement of covalent bonds but with different spatial orientations of the groups.

Question 4

E-Z stereoisomers

Answer 4

Stereoisomers with different spatial orientations around the carbon-carbon double bond.

Question 5

Heterolytic fission

Answer 5

The breaking of a covalent bond which results in both electrons going to the same atom.

Question 6

An electrophile is

Answer 6

a species which can accept a pair of electrons from a species with a high electron density

Question 7

Alkene to Alcohol

Answer 7

Step 1: cold concentrated H2SO4

Step 2: warm and add H2O

Question 8

Markownikoff’s rule

Answer 8

The more electronegative part of the electrophile will usually attach itself to the more highly substituted carbon atom

Question 9

Production of pure ethanol

Answer 9

When alkenes are treated with steam at 300C, a pressure of 60 atmospheres and a phosphoric acid (H3PO4) catalyst, the H2O is added across the double bond and an alcohol is formed in a reaction known as hydration