ALL KEY CONCEPTS PERIOD 4.1 Flashcards
Marshall Court,
Marbury V. Madison contradicted what piece of legislation?
The Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions
What Supreme Court Case set the precedence that federal laws took precedence of state laws?
McCulloch V. Maryland
What doctrine did the Marshall court use in McCulloch V. Maryland to increase the authority and power of the federal government?
The doctrine of implied powers
What were examples of Supreme Court cases that increased federal power during the Marshall Court?
- McCulloch V. Maryland
- Gibbons V. Ogden
What Supreme Court case ruled that the Federal government had control over interstate commerce?
Gibbons V. Ogden
What determined the judicial branch as the institution which determined the meanings of the U.S. Constitution?
The decisions of the Marshall Court
What was a Supreme case that Jackson ignored?
Worcester V. Georgia which gave natives right to their land
What some examples of interactions between state governments and other branches of the state government with the Judicial Branch?
- Jackson declaring National Bank unconstitutional
- FDR’s Court Packing Plan
- Southern states’ defiance of Brown V. Board of Education
What caused the Market Revolution?
- Innovations in textile machinery increased the efficiency of textile methods
- Embargo Acts created before and during the War of 1812 forced manufacturing to increase
What often was more important to politicians, regional interests or national concerns in period 4?
Regional Interests
What was Henry Clay’s plan to unify the National economy?
The American System
How would the American System improve each part of the country?
Tariffs- largely help northeast
National Bank - aid the economies of all parts of the country
International Transportation - Help the growth of the west and the south
How did the views of Democratic-Republicans change after the War of 1812?
They began to support the idea of a National Bank
Why did Democratic-Republicans after the War of 1812 support the National Bank of the U.S.?
- They believed it would improve the U.S. economy
- They believed it provided access to easy credit
How did the purpose of the Tariff of 1816 differ from all previous tariffs?
It was passed to provide protection for American industries AKA Protective Tariff
Why was the Tariff of 1816 more controversial than the Bank of the U.S.?
Some saw the Tariff as sectional legislation and found that it would hurt the south while improving the north
What were some topics that were debated by political parties in the early 1800s?
- The tariff
- Powers of the Federal Government
- Relations with European powers
What were ways Thomas Jefferson ruled as a Jeffersonian Democrat-Republican?
- Allowed the Sedition to expire
- Reduced the size of the military
- Eliminated excise tax on whiskey
What were some examples of ways Thomas Jefferson did not act as a Jeffersonian Democratic-Republican?
- Kept the bank of the U.S.
- Used a loose interpretation of the Constitution to make the Louisiana Purchase
What were Thomas Jefferson’s reasons for the Louisiana Purchase?
- Fulfill the goal of agrarian society
- Secure borders of the U.S.
- Farmers on west get access to the Mississippi River
Why was Napoleon willing to give up the Louisiana territory?
- Busy dealing with the Haitian Revolution and Napoleonic Wars
What was an example of an event that made it more difficult for the U.S. to remain neutral in the early 1800s?
The Chesapeake-Leopard Affair
When and what was the Chesapeake Leopard Affair?
British ship leopard attacked American ship the Chesapeake In 1807
What was Jefferson’s response to the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair?
The Embargo Act of 1807
