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Question 1

Role of r-RNA in life activity of a cell:
a)
participation in a transcription in a biosynthesis of proteins; b)
participation in translation in a biosynthesis of proteins; c) participation in
construction of a nucleolus; d) participation in construction of ribosomes.

Answer 1

c) participation in
construction of a nucleolus; d) participation in construction of ribosomes.

Question 1

Role of Golgi complex in a cell:
a)
participates in uniform movement of chromosomes to cell poles; b)
formation of lysosomes; c) formation of inclusions; d) excretory and secretory
functions.

Answer 1

b)
formation of lysosomes; c) formation of inclusions; d) excretory and secretory
functions.

Question 2

Role of centrioles in a cell:
a-formation of the mitotic spindle; b) formation of lysosomes; c) uniform
distribution of chromosomes in a mitosis and a meiosis; d) excretory function.

Answer 2

a-formation of the mitotic spindle;
c) uniform
distribution of chromosomes in a mitosis and a meiosis;

Question 3

Role of telomeres in chromosomes:
a)
participate in division of a cell; b) provide satiation of chromosomes; c)
preserve a chromosome as discrete unit; d) interfere with bond of chromosomes
or their fragments among themselves.

Answer 3

b) provide satiation of chromosomes; c)
preserve a chromosome as discrete unit; d) interfere with bond of chromosomes
or their fragments among themselves.

Question 4

Kinds of mitosis:
mitosis, meiosis; b) endomitosis, polyteny; c) amitosis.

Answer 4

mitosis, meiosis; b) endomitosis, polyteny;

Question 5

What is transported to cell poles in an anaphase of a mitosis?

Answer 5

chromatids

Question 6

The periods of a spermatogenesis:
a)
reproduction, growth, formation; b) reproduction, formation, maturation;
c) growth, maturation, formation; d) reproduction, growth, maturation,
formation.

Answer 6

d) reproduction, growth, maturation,
formation.

Question 7

The periods of an ovogenesis:
a-reproduction, growth, maturation; b) reproduction, formation, maturation;
c) growth, maturation, formation; d) reproduction, growth, formation,
maturation.

Answer 7

a-reproduction, growth, maturation;

Question 8

Features of prokaryote gene expression:
a)
group repression of genome genes is possible; b) group repression of
chromosome genes, genome and regulation of expression by steroid hormones
are not possible; c) the genes monitoring one biochemical reaction locate in one
place.

Answer 8

b) group repression of
chromosome genes, genome and regulation of expression by steroid hormones
are not possible; c) the genes monitoring one biochemical reaction locate in one
place.

Question 9

Features of eukaryote gene construction:
has no mosaic constitution; b) operon consists some structural genes; c)
has a mosaic constitution, operon includes one structural gene.

Answer 9

c)
has a mosaic constitution, operon includes one structural gene.

Question 10

Function of structural genes:
contain the information on synthesis t-RNA and г-RNA; b) increase or
decrease the speed of biochemical reactions; c) contain the information on
structure of protein-repressor; d) contains the information of polypeptide
structure.

Answer 10

d) contains the information of polypeptide
structure.

Question 11

Function of a gene-regulator:
a)
increase or decrease the speed of biochemical reactions; b) contains the
information on synthesis t-RNA, r-RNA; c) contains the information of enzyme
structure; d) contains the information on frame of protein-repressor.

Answer 11

d) contains the information on frame of protein-repressor.

Question 12

Function of modifiers genes:
find necessary m-RNA-polymerase; b) passes or quenches transit of the
RNA - polymerase to structural genes; c) increase or decrease the speed of
biochemical reactions; d) suppress transcription.

Answer 12

c) increase or decrease the speed of
biochemical reactions;

Question 13

Function of the gene-operator:
contains the information on structure of protein-repressor; b) passes or
quenches transit m-RNA-polymerase to structural genes; c) finds necessary
m-RNA- polymerase; d) cap-proteins binding.

Answer 13

b) passes or
quenches transit m-RNA-polymerase to structural genes;

Question 14

Influence on human sex formation of change of autosomes and sex
chromosome ratio at caryotype XXX: 44A (additional X-chromosome in
woman):
a)
underdevelopment of uterus, ovaries; b) disorders of a menstrual cycle; c)
disorders of secondary sexual attributes formation.

Answer 14

c)
disorders of secondary sexual attributes formation.

Question 15

Influence on human sex formation of change of autosomes and sex
chromosome ratio at caryotype XXY: 44A (Kleinefelter syndrome):
a)
disorders of secondary sex attributes formation; b) underdevelopment of
generative organs; c) sclerotic disorders in semeniferous tubules.

Answer 15

a)
disorders of secondary sex attributes formation;
c) sclerotic disorders in semeniferous tubules.

Question 16

The illnesses with partially sex-linked illnesses inheritance:
a)
Duschene muscular dystrophy; b) pigment retinitis, pigmentosum
xeroderma;
c) hemorrhage diathesis, total color-blindness; d) syndactylia.

Answer 16

b) pigment retinitis, pigmentosum
xeroderma;
c) hemorrhage diathesis, total color-blindness;

Question 17

The illnesses with completely sex-linked inheritance:
hemophilia C; b) hemophilia A and B; c) daltonism, Dushene muscular
dystrophia; d) hemorrhagic diathesis.

Answer 17

b) hemophilia A and B; c) daltonism, Dushene muscular
dystrophia;

Question 18

Complete linkage of genes:
a)
genes are located in different chromosomes and are free combined with
each other;
b) genes are located in same chromosome and are inherited
together; c) genes are located in same chromosome; the part of them is inherited
together, and the part is combined by a crossing-over.

Answer 18

b) genes are located in same chromosome and are inherited
together;

Question 19

Kinds of cytoplasmic inheritance:
a) cytoplasmic inheritance itself; b) mitochondrial; c)
cytoplasm predetermination; d) pseudo-cytoplasmic inheritance.

Answer 19

a) cytoplasmic inheritance itself; b c)
cytoplasm predetermination; d) pseudo-cytoplasmic inheritance.

Question 20

Types of local changes in gene mutations:
a)changing, translocation of nucleotides pair; b) insert or deletion of nucleotides
pair; c) deficiency, deletions.

Answer 20

a)changing, translocation of nucleotides pair; b) insert or deletion of nucleotides
pair;

Question 21

Consequences of a nonsense mutation:
a)new protein is synthesized; b) parts of polypeptide are synthesized; c) there is
a changing of several amino acids in a polypeptide.

Answer 21

b) parts of polypeptide are synthesized;

Question 22

Mechanisms of appearance of chromosome aberrations:
a)destruction of telomere on the ends of chromosomes; b) breaking of process
of a crossingover; c) breaking of divergence of chromosomes at mitosis and
meiosis.

Answer 22

a)destruction of telomere on the ends of chromosomes;

Question 23

Examples of semilethal mutations of human:
a)daltonism; b) Dawn syndrome; c) trisomy on X-chromosome; d) hemophilia;
e) muscular dystrophia Duchenne.

Answer 23

b) Dawn syndrome;
d) hemophilia;
e) muscular dystrophia Duchenne.

Question 24

Dermatogliphical parameters of Klinefelter’s syndrome: a)low papillary lines set, big distance between lines; b) predominance of ulnar loops; c) predominance of arches; d) a four-digital sulcus; e) angle atd = 40° - 42°.

Answer 24

a)low papillary lines set, big distance between lines; c) predominance of arches; e) angle atd = 40° - 42°

Question 25

Opportunities of a cytogenetic method: a)allows to establish hereditary diseases linked to change of chromosomes number and structure, a translocation; b) to define phylum and variant of inheritance; c) to define hereditary diseases of a metabolism

Answer 25

a)allows to establish hereditary diseases linked to change of chromosomes number and structure, a translocation;

Question 26

Entoderm derivatives: a) epithelium of a foregut and hindgut; b) epithelium of an middle gut; c) epithelium of the respiratory system; d) digestive glands.

Answer 26

b) epithelium of an middle gut; c) epithelium of the respiratory system; d) digestive glands.

Question 27

Hypothesis of acceleration: a) enough noutrishment; b) influence of earth magnetic field; c) high action of electromagnet rays by TV and radio; d) appearance of heterosis.

Answer 27

a) enough noutrishment; b) influence of earth magnetic field; c) high action of electromagnet rays by TV and radio; d) appearance of heterosis.