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Pediatrics > Allergy & Immunology > Flashcards

Allergy & Immunology Flashcards

0
Q

First antibody produced in an infection

A

IgM

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1
Q

Antibody that readily crosses placentA

A

IgG

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2
Q

Immunoglobulin that functions in mucosal defense

A

IgA

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3
Q

Immunoglobulin secreted in breast milk

A

IgA

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4
Q

Immunoglobulin involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections

A

IgE

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5
Q

Protects against intracellular organisms and opportunistic infections

A

T cells

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6
Q

B cell deficiency lead to which type of infections

A

Recurrent sinopulmonary infections

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7
Q

Strep pneumo, H flu, staph aureus, entero virus, giardia

A

Infections B cell deficient patients are susceptible to

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8
Q

Skin and organ abscesses with staph aureus and catalase positive organisms

A

Phagocytic disorder

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9
Q

Blood cx positive for Serratia or Burkholderia

A

CGD

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10
Q

Overwhelming sepsis, pyogenic infection, neisseria meningitis

A

Complement deficiency

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11
Q

SCID, wiskott aldrich, ataxia telangictasia, Bloom syndrome, Nijmegen breakage syndrome

A

Combined B cell and T cell deficiency

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12
Q

Eczema, chronic lung infxn, chronic diarrhea, FTT, absent thymus

A

SCID

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13
Q

No T cells, No NK cells, B cells present

A

X linked SCID (dx: with flow cytometry and molecular analysis, tx: BMT)

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14
Q

No T cells, No B cells, No NK cells

A

Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency

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15
Q

Eczema, immunodeficiency, thrombocytopenia, small platelets

A

Wiskott Aldrich

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16
Q

Mode of inheritance: wiskott Aldrich

A

X linked

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17
Q

Tx Wiskott Aldrich

A

BMT or ppx abx and IVIG

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18
Q

Ataxia, telangiectasia, immunodeficiency

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

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19
Q

AR defect in ATM gene responsible for DNA repair

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

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20
Q

Elevated alpha fetoprotein

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

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21
Q

Immunodeficiency with high risk of cancer (leukemias and lymphomas)

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia, Bloom Syndrome

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22
Q

AR deficiency of DNA ligase 1

A

Bloom Syndrome

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23
Q

Small stature, Telangiectasia, CNS anomalies, immunodeficiency

A

Bloom Syndrome

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24
Q

Bird like face, microcephaly, immunodeficiency, mild MR

A

Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome

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25
Q

Primary T cell deficiency

A

DiGeorge Syndrome, (have problems with INTRAcellular organisms)

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26
Q

Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia, CVID, Hyper IgM, Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy, x linked lymphoproliferative syndrome

A

B cell immunodeficiencies

27
Q

Mutation on BTK gene (Bruton tyrosine kinase)

A

X linked agammaglobulinemia

28
Q

No mature B cells, no abx present, recurrent ear infxns, sinusitis, PNA

A

X linked agammaglobulinemia

29
Q

Dx of x linked agammaglobulinemia

A

Flow cytometry for CD19, response to vaccination.

no mature B cells, no antibodies, no antibody fxn

30
Q

Tx for x linked agammaglobulinemia

A

IVIG

31
Q

Mature B cells unable to differentiate into plasma cells

A

CVID

32
Q

Mature B cells present, low antibody levels, poor antibody response

A

CVID

33
Q

Sprue like illness with diarrhea, malabsorption, steatorrhea

A

CVID

34
Q

Dx of CVID

A

Flow cytometry (mature B cells present), check antibody levels/response

35
Q

Susceptible to sinopulmonary bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jiroveci

A

X linked hyper IgM Syndrome

36
Q

CD40 ligand defect, normal levels IgM, low levels of IgG and IgA

A

X linked hyper IgM

37
Q

Tx for hyper IgM

A

BMT or IVIG + Bactrim for PJP ppx

38
Q

Immunodeficiency with near fatal EBV infections, progress to lymphoma

A

X linked lymphoproliferative syndrome

39
Q

Abnormal prolongation of the physiological hypogammaglobulinemia that occurs between 4 and 6 months of age.

A

Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy

40
Q

Will have normal IgG levels by 4 years, have good vaccine response

A

Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy

41
Q

AR neutropenia

A

Kostmann syndrome

42
Q

Sterile abscess, delayed separation of umbilical cord, severe leukocytosis, gingivitis, oomphalitis

A

Leukocyte adhesion defect type 1 (defect in CD18)

43
Q

Elevated IgE, recurrent abscesses, eczema, delayed eruption of primary teeth, pneumatoceles, broad nose, triangular jaw, prominent forehead

A

Job Syndrome (Hyper IgE)

44
Q

Oculocutaneous albinism, recurrent skin and sinopulmonary infxns, MR, immunodeficiency, peripheral neuropathy

A

Chediak Higashi

45
Q

Peripheral smear with giant granules

A

Chediak Higashi

46
Q

Inability to generate respiratory burst

A

CGD (x linked)

47
Q

Recurrent organ and skin abscesses

A

CGD

48
Q

Dx of CGD

A

Dihydrorhodamine oxidation test (DHR). Replaced NBT test

49
Q

Tx of CGD

A

Ppx abx and interferon gamma

50
Q

Due to defect in C1 inhibitor function

A

Hereditary Angioedema

51
Q

Hives, allergic rhinitis, asthma, food and latex allergies. IgE mediated

A

Type 1 Hypersensitivity

52
Q

IgM or IgG antibodies bind to fixed tissue or cell receptors and cause complement activation. Goodpastures, myasthenia gravis, hemolytic anemia

A

Type 2 hypersensitivity - cytotoxic

53
Q

Vasculitis, serum sickness, arthus reaction. Immune complexes form when antibodies combine with antigen

A

Type 3 hypersensitivity - Immune Complex

54
Q

Contact dermatitis, tuberculin sensitivity. Sensitized T cells interact with antigen

A

Type 4 hypersensitivity - delayed hypersensitivity

55
Q

Tx for anaphylaxis patients not responsive to epinephrine (e.g. on beta blockers)

A

Glucagon or vasopressin

56
Q

Asthma predictive index major criteria

A

One parent with asthma

Child has eczema

57
Q

Asthma predictive index minor criteria

A

Child has allergic rhinitis
Child has wheezing apart from colds
Child has eosinophilia

58
Q

Positive Asthma predictive index positive

A

1 major or 2 minor. If +, 76% of having asthma by 6 yrs. If -, 95% chance of not getting it

59
Q

Asthma predictive index criteria

A

Children under three, with at least 4 episodes of wheezing

60
Q

Urticaria pigmentosa, tryptase level above 20

A

Cutaneous mastocytosis

61
Q

IgE mediated drug reaction like anaphylaxis

A

Type 1 drug reaction

62
Q

Immunoglobulin or antibody mediated reaction like ITP

A

Type 2 drug reaction

63
Q

Immune complex mediated disorder like serum sickness

A

Type 3 drug reaction

64
Q

Cell mediated immune reaction like celiac disease

A

Type 4 drug reaction

65
Q

Foods that cross react with latex

A

Potato, kiwi, banana, avocado

66
Q

CD18 and CD11

A

Leukocyte adhesion defect

Pediatrics (20 decks)

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