Alternative therapies Flashcards
2 (12 cards)
what dietary manipulation can be employed to modify gut microbes?
altering…
- dietary ingredients + source
- nutrient types consumed
- nutrient source + structure
what are benefits of using antibiotics?
- intensive livestock farming
- improved feed efficiency
- reduced nutrient wastage
- improved animal health and performance
- enhanced animal product quality
what are issues surrounding use of antibiotics/reasons to use alternative therapies?
- high resistance in hospitals/childcare centres
- existing antibiotics fail against frequent infections
- newer and more expensive drugs also face more resistance
what are life-threatening infections that could become more wide spread as antibiotic resistance increases?
salmonella, campylobacter, staphylococcus aureus, clostridium difficile, mastitis
what does MIC stand for?
minimal inhibitory concentration
what is clinical resistance?
occurs to a drug when the MIC of an agent vs a specific bacteria exceeds the safe level in vivo
how is clinical resistance caused?
mutation in a gene that is sensitive/resistant to a drug
gaining DNA carrying a resistant gene
what is cross resistance?
a single mechanism gives resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents that are closely related
what is multiple resisitance?
multiple mechanisms give resistance to unrelated antimicrobial agents
how does tetracycline work?
inhibits tRNA and bacterial growth by binding to 30S ribosomes
name 5 examples of alternatives to antibiotics
- stabilising gut microbes
- dietary manipulation
- prebiotics
- probiotics
- directly fed microbes
what can be done to stabilise gut microbes?
