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EoSC Spring Semester > American History - Q2 > Flashcards

American History - Q2 Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

First two peoples banned from emigrating to U.S.

A

Chinese, followed by Japanese

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2
Q

Booker T. Washington

A

Founded the 1890 schools
Believed school segregation was here to stay and worked to improve education from within the system
Founded Tuskegee school

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3
Q

1890 Schools

A

A series of segregated universities founded by Booker T. Washington

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4
Q

W.E.B. DuBois

A

Founded NAACP to advocate for desegregation of schools

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5
Q

Yellow Journalism

A

Journalism of the late 1800s and Early 1900s, named for the yellow color of the newspapers

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6
Q

William Randolph Hearst

A

News Mogul
Founded the Hearst Company (now known for reality TV)
Primarily Motivated by Money

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7
Q

Joseph Pulitzer

A

News Mogul

Primarily motivated by influencing the public

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8
Q

Labor Union

A

An organization that advocates for workers

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9
Q

Knights of Labor

A

Early Labor union that advocated for shorter work days (10 hrs.), a day off, and higher pay

Considered illegal by government, especially after a bomb exploded at one of their protests

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10
Q

Anarchism

A

Belief that a single violent act can change policy
Opposition to hierarchical government

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11
Q

Haymaker Riot

A

A Knights of Labor protest in which a bomb exploded, killing 7 police officers and several bystanders

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12
Q

Samuel Gompers

A

Cigar maker, founded AFL (American Federation of Labor)

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13
Q

Sit-Down Strike

A

A strike in which workers would refuse to work for 1-2 hours per day

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14
Q

William McKinley

A

25 President, Republican
Supported by big business

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15
Q

Populism

A

Support of laborers and farmers over corporations

Belief that laborers/rural folk will solve America’s problems

Bottom-up government

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16
Q

Influence of Sea Powers

A

Book by Alfred Mahan, advocated for reform of navy

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17
Q

Lillie Kawanie

A

Last queen of Hawaii

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18
Q

USS Maine

A

U.S. navy vessel sent to Cuba during rebellion to protect American interests

exploded in Cuba harbor, unknown if accident or sabotage

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19
Q

America’s excuse to begin Spanish-American war

A

Explosion of the USS Maine

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20
Q

America’s main gambling tourist destination prior to 1959

A

Cuba

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21
Q

Reason Theodore Roosevelt was disliked by other republicans

A

He sought sweeping reforms

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22
Q

Rough Riders

A

Military unit formed by Theodore Roosevelt as start of Spanish-American War

Eventually became 45th infantry division

Fought primarily in Cuba

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23
Q

Manilla

A

Primary city of Spanish-occupied Philippines

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24
Q

Reason Spain’s navy lost to the U.S. navy in Philippines

A

Wooden ships Vs. Iron ships
Didn’t know Americans were coming

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25
City outside of which definitive battle of Spanish-American war was fought Americans (specifically Rough Riders) won despite being outnunmbered 3:1
Santiago
26
Four Communities America annexed following Spanish-American war
Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, American Samoa
27
Walter Reid
Doctor during the Spanish-American war Cured Malaria by draining swamps Largest U.S. hospital outside of D.C. named after him
28
Teller Ammendment
Gave Cuba independence after insurrection
29
Length of Filipino Insurrection
1901-1904
30
Win hearts and minds
Taft's plan to ingratiate rebelling territories to U.S. by building infrastructure Largely successful
31
2 Reasons American public grew increasingly anti-imperialistic during Filipino insurrection
High cost Soldiers bringing STDs to U.S. from Filipino brothels
32
Boxer Rebellion
Terrorist attacks by native Chinese, usually young marital artists, against Westerners and Christians in China
33
Legation
A segregated, walled-off portion of a city in China were Westerners were required to live
34
President Roosevelt served as vice president under
William McKinley
35
City William McKinley was assassinated in
Buffalo, NY
36
16th Amendment
National income tax
37
Progressivism
Belief that science/academia can solve the world's problems via government Top-down form of government
38
President who began increase of federal government's power
Theodore Roosevelt
39
Book that prompted reform of food regulation
The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
40
The 2 Food regulatory agencies created by Theodore Roosevelt
FDA and USDA
41
Agency founded by Theodore Roosevelt to regulate college athletics
NCAA
42
Territory whose statehood Roosevelt delayed due to concerns of Democrat-leaning populace
Indian Territory (now Oklahoma)
43
The 3 voting reforms introduced by Roosevelt (I.R.R.)
- Initiative: any voter citizen can introduce a potential law via petition - Referendum: Citizens can vote on individual laws (usually tax laws) - Recall: Any citizen can introduce a motion to remove an elected official via petition
44
Square Deal
Term introduced by Theodore Roosevelt, referencing the square plates common at the time Fair deal
45
First President who supported laborers over corporations
Theodore Roosevelt
46
17th Ammendment
Senators were now determined by popular vote rather than government appointment
47
Theodore Roosevelt believed in what problematic theory?
Eugenics
48
What war is now considered the first race war of the 20th century?
The Russo-Japanese war
49
Eugenics
Belief that your DNA/physical characteristics determined your future success in life and that humanity's problems must be "bred out"
50
When did the U.S. end forced sterilization of criminals and the mentally ill and why?
Great depression, due to lack of funds
51
William Howard Taft
President, R, following Theodore Roosevelt Roosevelt's handpicked successor
52
Why did Theodore Roosevelt have a falling out with Taft?
- Taft did not pursue progressive agendas as aggressively as Roosevelt wanted - Taft allowed for oil drilling on land Roosevelt had deemed protective
53
Bull Moose Party
Progressive political party founded by Theodore Roosevelt when running against Taft
54
Woodrow Wilson
President, D, following Taft Won due to Roosevelt and Taft splitting Republican vote Very Pro-capitalist, pro-education, and pro-Christianity
55
Who was the only U.S. president to serve as chief justice on the supreme court?
William Howard Taft
56
New Freedom Policy
Woodrow Wilson's Political agenda to spread democracy, capitalism, and Christianity to other nations (future adopters dropped the Christianity aspect)
57
Which President hated European colonization of Africa and wanted Africa to be self-governed?
Woodrow Wilson
58
Self-Determination
The belief that a people should have the right to govern themselves, rather than be ruled by an outside power
59
Marine-corps Progressivism
American policy of spreading democracy and capitalism to other nations via deployment of U.S. military
60
Pancho Villa
Leader of Mexican Revolution Attacked Columbus, NM and killed several Americans, prompting U.S. to send military into Mexico to apprehend him
61
What two technologies were first used by the U.S. while searching for Pancho Villa? What American policy was first used in the same incident?
Armored vehicles Airplanes Marine-corps progressiveism
62
Why were most of Europe's monarchs related?
Queen Victoria of England had many children whom married into various royal families
63
What countries formed the Central Powers? What countries formed the Allies?
Germany, Austria-Hungray, Ottoman Empire (now Turkiye) Britain, France, Russia
64
What year did WWI begin, and what year did the U.S. enter WWI?
Began in 1914 U.S. entered the war in 1917
65
Which country built the Suez Canal began the Panama Canal (but didn't finish it)?
France
66
Why did many poor and working-class Americans originally support the Central Powers in WWI?
They were German immigrants or descended from German immigrants
67
Imperialism
Countries (primarily European) established colonies in Africa and Asia to exploit the people and natural resources
68
What is the approximate death toll of WWI?
100 million
69
Balkans
Southeast Europe, (Bosnia & Herzegovina, Serbia, Czechia, etc.)
70
By what political group were Franz Ferdinand and his wife assassinated
Serbian Nationalists
71
Dollar Brides
Wealthy American women that married English nobility to gain access to titles
72
Why did many Americans (especially the rich) initially support the Allies in WWI?
America used to be a British Colony Many wealthy American families had ties to British nobility via dollar brides
73
What caused the U.S. to go from being the largest debtor nation the the largest creditor nation during WWI?
American sold food, ammunition, etc. to both sides of the war
74
What incident caused American sentiment to turn against Germany during WWI?
German U-boats sunk the U.S. passenger liner Lusitania, killing approx. 1200 people (incl. 128 Americans)
75
What caused Russia to drop out of WWI?
The first Russian Revolution
76
Second Russian Revolution
Occurred in November of the same year as the first revolution Communist take over of Russia and murder of royal family
77
Zimmermann Note
Telegraph from Germany to Mexico asking Mexico to invade U.S., intercepted by U.K. Reason U.S. entered WWI
78
Joseph Oklahombi
Choctaw code talker who fought in WWI Single-handedly captured 170 German soldiers and a machine gun nest
79
Harlem Hellfighters
Segregated black unit that U.S. gave to France in WWI Instrumental in stopping German army from reaching Paris
80
Which president wanted U.S. to join League of Nations?
Woodrow Wilson
81
What caused Woodrow Wilson to no longer be able to push his agenda during the presidence
He had a stroke
82
Idealistic Foreign Policy
The idea that America should cooperate with other nations
83
Realistic Foreign Policy
The idea that America should act independently of other nations
84
Fort Riley, KS
The origin of the Spanish Flu Outbreak in the U.S.
85
Ida Wells
Political activist known for support of suffrage and opposition to segregation and Jim Crow
86
19th Ammendment
Gave women the right to vote in federal elections (but not state)
87
Iron Jawed Angels
Suffrage group that protested outside white house Got arrested for illegally voting and went on hunger strikes
88
Dr. Willa Strong
Advocated for equal rights in McAlester
89
Why do women wear white at State of the Union Address?
Support for women's voting rights
90
A. Mitchell Palmer
Attorney general who led the Palmer raids
91
Palmer Raids
A series of raids conducted in 1910s and 1920s to capture and deport communists (also anarchists and socialists)
92
Approx. how many American were killed by the Spanish Flu epidemic?
700,000

EoSC Spring Semester (13 decks)

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