Amino Acids

Question 1

Building blocks of protein

Answer 1

Amino acids

Question 2

Composed of alpha carbon

Answer 2

Amino acids

Question 3

Unique to each amino acids

Answer 3

R (side chain)

Question 4

Can act both as an acid and base

Answer 4

Amphoteric

Question 5

Accepts hydrogen atom

Answer 5

Amino group

Question 6

Donate hydrogen atom

Answer 6

Carboxyl group

Question 7

Both positively and negatively charged amino acids

Answer 7

Zwitterion

Question 8

Almost all amino acids

Answer 8

L-amino acids

Question 9

Can be seen in cell walls / antiobiotics

Answer 9

D-amino acids

Question 10

Connects amino acids to produce protein

Answer 10

Peptide bond

Question 11

Used in protein synthesis

Answer 11

Magic 20 amino acids

Question 12

Dependent on R chain

Answer 12

Chemical nature

Question 13

Amino acids that synthesized by the body

Answer 13

Non-essential amino acids

Question 13

Must be acquired thru diet

Answer 13

Essential amino acids

Question 14

Synthesized in adequate amounts by adults, but supplemented in newborns

Answer 14

Semi-essential amino acids

Question 15

Used to generate glucose thru gluconeogenesis

Answer 15

Glucogenic amino acids

Question 16

Used to generate ketone bodies

Answer 16

Ketogenic amino acids

Question 17

Used as an alternative energy source

Answer 17

Ketone bodies

Question 18

Hydrophobic amino acids

Answer 18

Nonpolar and uncharged

Question 19

Hydrophilic amino acids

Answer 19

Polar & uncharged

Question 20

Are fundamental units of proteins

Answer 20

Amino acids

Question 21

Simple molecules containing both a amine group and an acid group

Answer 21

Amino acids

Question 22

Magic 20 is labeled by

Answer 22

Francis crick & James Watson

Question 23

He determined the structure of DNA

Answer 23

Francis Crick & James Watson

Question 24

This makes amino acids water-soluble

Answer 24

Zwitterion

Question 25

It is protaned, giving the amino acid a positive charge

Answer 25

Carboxylate group

Question 26

It is the pH at which an amino acid exists in its zwitterion form (equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms)

Answer 26

Isoelectric point

Question 27

It is deprotonated, the amino acid giving a negative charge

Answer 27

Ammonium group

Question 28

Molecules with a chiral carbon atom are optically active, meaning they can rotate plane polarized light

Answer 28

Chiral molecules

Question 29

Only chiral amino acid, due to having two hydrogen atoms attached to the a-carbon

Answer 29

Glycine

Question 30

Only forms found in proteins

Answer 30

L-amino acids

Question 31

Found in some antibiotic and bacterial cell walls

Answer 31

D-amino acids

Question 32

A way to represent the arrangement of groups around a chiral carbon atom

Answer 32

Fischer projection

Question 33

These amino acids can hydrogen bond with water, making them more soluble than nonpolar amino acids

Answer 33

Polar and uncharged amino acids

Question 34

A weaker acid than the primary carboxylic acid group in the Amino acid backbone

Answer 34

Secondary carboxylic acid group

Question 35

It is important for interactions with metal ions, acting as nucleophiles in enzymes, and in ionic interactions

Answer 35

Side chain

Question 36

It forms the guanidinium group

Answer 36

Arginine

Question 37

It has a simple ammonium ion as its basic group

Answer 37

Lysine

Question 38

Forms an imidazolium group

Answer 38

Histidine

Question 39

These are found in collagen and gelatin

Answer 39

Hydroxylysine and hydroxyproline

Question 40

Nonpolar side chains clump together due to London dispersion forces. They exclude water and other side chains.

Answer 40

Hydrophobic interactions

Question 41

Polar and uncharged side chains interact through hydrogen bonding with water and each other.

Answer 41

Hydrophilic interactions

Question 42

Acidic and basic side chains with opposite charges attract. A carboxylate group from one side chain can form an ionic bond with the ammonium ion of another side chain.

Answer 42

Ionic interactions

Question 43

Two cysteine molecules can form a disulfide linkage through a mild oxidation reaction.

Answer 43

Disulfide linkages

Question 44

A protein is a chain of at least now many amino aids joined together

Answer 44

150

Question 45

Is a crucial bond in biochemistry, formed between two amino acids through A dehydration reaction

Answer 45

Peptide bond

Question 46

Product of two amino acids joined by peptide bond

Answer 46

Dipeptide

Question 47

a flat, planar structure stabilized by resonance.

Answer 47

Peptide bond

Question 48

formed by adding a third amino acid to a dipeptide.

Answer 48

Tripeptide