Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

DHHD 1 > Amino Acids > Flashcards

Amino Acids Flashcards

(48 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are proteins polymers of?

A

Amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Transports oxygen in red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Myoglobin

A

Stores oxygen in muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Collagen

A

Forms fibers in a supporting matrix for connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Amelogenin

A

Organizes the formation of mineral crystals in enamel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Keratin

A

Forms fibers that provide the strength for skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dextransucrase (an enzyme)

A

catalyzes the formation of the polymer, dextran, that is a component of dental plaque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the common structure of an amino acid?

A

amino group
side-chain
carboxylic acid group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the one exception to the common structure of the amino acid?

A

Proline; it has a carboxylic acid, imino group (HN) and and R

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In glycine the R group is

A

H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Only L-amino acids are

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is an imino group polar or non-polar?

A

non-polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are acids polar or nonpolar?

A

polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Are bases polar or nonpolar?

A

nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are your non polar amino acids?

A 
Alanine
Glycine 
Cysteine
Leucine
Valine
Isoleucine
Methionine
Proline
Phenylalanine
Tryptophan
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which nonpolar amino acids are aliphatic?

A

Alanine
Valine
Leucine
Isoleucine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What sort of bonds can form between two cysteines?

A

Disulfide bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which amino acids are acidic?

A

Aspartic acid

Glutamic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which amino acids are basic?

A

Lysine
Arginine
Histidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which amino acid is the most basic?

21
Q

Which amino acid is the least basic?

22
Q

Which amino acids are polar and uncharged and both have aliphatic amides?

Study These Flashcards
A

asparagine

glutamine

23
Q

Which amino acids are polar uncharged and have aliphatic hydroxyls?

Study These Flashcards
A

Serine
Threonine
Tyrosine

24
Q

Which amino acids are polar and uncharged?

Study These Flashcards
A 
Asparagine
Glutamine 
Serine 
Threonine
Tyrosine
25
The more polar the side chain is, the higher the solubility in water is, why?
Charges on water molecules bind to charge on the amino acid side chain
26
Aliphatic - amino acids?
Ala, Val, Leu, Ile
27
Aromatic - amino acids?
Phe, Tyr, Trp
28
Sulfur-containing - amino acids
Met, Cys, (Cys-Cys)
29
Imino acid
Pro
30
How does one get scurvy?
Vitamin C deficiency
31
What is prolyl and lysyl hydroxyl hydroxylases cofactor?
Vitamin C
32
What is the most abundant protein in teeth?
Collagen
33
What is also a component of collagen?
Hydroxylysine
34
What symptoms accompany scurvy?
Spongy gums and hair problems
35
Vitamin-K dependent carboxylase requires which cofactor?
Vitamin-K
36
Glutamate with carboxylase turns into carboxy-glutamte turns into a
Blood clotting factor
37
Serine + NTP -> Phosphoserine + NDP
Cellular signaling via hormones can induce the phosphorylation of serine residues on target enzymes, leading to their activation. Similarly, phosphorylase catalyzes phosphate-induced gylcogen degradation
38
Phosphothreonine + phosphotyrosine =
signal functions
39
Hydroxylation of proline and lysine need what cofactor?
Vitamin C
40
Carboxylation of glutamic acid needs what?
Vitamin K
41
What are structure breaking amino acids?
Glycine - is without side chain, which causes high thermal motion in the neighborhood of glycine Proline: is rigidly in a conformation inconsistent with some protein structures
42
2,3-bisphosphoglyverate (BPG) does what?
reduces affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
43
What charge is BPG?
Negatively charged
44
Multiple charged interaction between ________________ and two of four hemoglobin subunits reduce the affinity for oxygen
2,3-bisphosphoglycerate
45
What will happen if you increase the concentration of 2,3 - bisphosphoglycerate in the red blood cell?
You will promote O2 release or unloading to the target tissues typically at low O2 partial pressures
46
By how much will 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate increase at an elevationof 15,000 ft?
20%
47
What is the only amino acid found in proteins that does not exist as D-L- isomer?
Glycine
48
The disease scurvy is caused by a dietary deficiency of vitamin C. Why is loss of teeth a symptom of this disease?
Collagen holds teeth in place, that is why

DHHD 1 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions