Aminoglycosides

Question 1

Aminoglycosides
- Resistance Mechanism

Answer 1

• Enzyme modification of aminoglycosides
• Ribosomal Resistance (Streptomycin)
• Ineffective transport into cell (S. aureus)
• Efflux pumps

Adaptive resistance (Dose extended doses to reverse)

Question 2

Aminoglycosides
- Spectrum

Answer 2

Synergize well with beta-lactams and Vancomycin

Question 3

Aminoglycoside
- Counseling

Answer 3

Poor oral absorption

Careful in renal failure

Question 4

Aminoglycoside
- Adverse Effects

Answer 4

Nephrotoxicity

Ototoxicity

Neuromuscular Blockage

Question 5

Aminoglycosides
- Nephrotoxicity

Answer 5

Indicator: Increase in serum creatinine

Usually mild and reversible

Question 6

Aminoglycoside
- Kinds of Ototoxicity

Answer 6

Cochlear Damage
- Hearing Loss

Vestibular Damage
- Vertigo caused by d

Question 7

Aminoglycoside
- Ototoxicity site of damage

Answer 7

Hearing Loss
- Damage to hair cells in corti in cochlea

Vertigo
- Damage to hair cells in summit of ampulla cristae in the vestibular complex

Question 8

Aminoglycosides
- Adverse Effects Onset

Answer 8

Nephrotoxicity (Reversible)
- Several days after

Ototoxicity (Permanent)
- During therapy, or weeks after discontinuation

Question 9

Ototoxic Drugs

Answer 9

Amphotericin B
Cisplatin
Loop Diuretics

Aminoglycosides
Vancomycin

Question 10

Additive Nephrotoxicity

Answer 10

Amphotericin B
Cisplatin
Cyclosporine

Vancomycin