AMSSM 2025

Question 1

Ultrasound for acute muscular injuries is best performed what time period after initial injury?

Answer 1

24 hours after

Question 2

the area between the heads of the origin of the biceps femoris is called what?

Answer 2

T junction

Question 3

which tendons form the conjoint tendon of the ischial tuberosity?

Answer 3

biceps femoris and semitendinosis

Question 4

t/f intratendinous involvement of muscular hamstring injuries predicts longer time to return to play

Answer 4

true

Question 5

which regenerative medicine procedure is better to PRP when used for muscle thigh injuries?

Answer 5

PPP

Question 7

how does stiffness change in cases of tendinopathy

Answer 7

increase in stiffness in tendinopathy

Question 8

compared to eccentric exercise, what type of exercises may be more helpful for tendinopathy in season?

Answer 8

isometric exercises

Question 9

t/f BFR can improve return to sport an pain level for tendinopathy

Answer 9

true

Question 10

cold laser photobiomodulation improves pain / function in tendinopathy when combined with what other modality?

Answer 10

exercise

Question 11

what are the two quickest modalities for tendinopathy treatment in season?

Answer 11

NTG patch and dry needling

Question 12

what modality works the slowest for tendinopathy treatment?

Answer 12

PRP

Question 13

which ligament overlies the suprascapular notch?

Answer 13

transverse scapular ligament

Question 14

which nerve provides sensory innervation to the AC joint, GH joint and the subacromial bursa?

Answer 14

suprascapular nerve

Question 15

the dorsal scapular nerve travels through which muscle?

Answer 15

middle scalene

Question 16

what is the most common cause of quadrilateral space syndrome?

Answer 16

adhesions from repetitive overhead trauma

Question 17

in the case of quadrilateral space syndrome, you will look for atrophy of what two muscles on MRI?

Answer 17

deltoid and teres minor

Question 18

at what two locations can you perform a block to help diagnose nTOS?

Answer 18

deep to pec minor or interscalene

Question 19

what type of brace could be helpful for cases of nTOS?

Answer 19

figure 8 brace

Question 20

t/f RTC strengthening can make nTOS worse

Answer 20

true

Question 21

which two modalities can cause disinhibitory activation in the quad muscle?

Answer 21

ice and TENS

Question 22

bone to bone ACL will have a higher risk in what area post-op?

Answer 22

anterior knee

Question 23

which tendon autograft has lower donor site morbidity to bone to bone graft with similar functional outcomes for ACL reconstruction?

Answer 23

quad tendon graft

Question 25

in the case of an ACL tear, which other areas will show bone contusion?

Answer 25

lateral femoral condyle and lateral tibial plateau

Question 26

which meniscus is more commonly torn in the setting of acute ACL tear?

Answer 26

lateral

Question 27

t/f repairing an ACL reduces the chance of future OA

Answer 27

false

Question 28

which two types of comorbid injury increase the risk of OA after ACL tear?

Answer 28

meniscus or cartilage injury

Question 29

the addition of what intraoperatively to an ACL graft provides lower retear rate with no additional complications?

Answer 29

internal brace / suture tape augmentation

Question 30

what is a lateral extraarticular tenodesis?

Answer 30

the ITB is rerouted and fixed to the femur and tibia to add additional knee stability

Question 31

which band of the UCL is the primary restraint to valgus stress in throwing?

Answer 31

anterior band

Question 32

what two ways do you define a positive UCL stress test with ultrasound?

Answer 32

>2mm gap or >1mm difference compared to the contralateral side

Question 33

what is the primary treatment for multidirectional instability of the shoulder?

Answer 33

rehab

Question 34

what measurement is considered an abnormal scapholunate width?

Answer 34

3mm or greater

Question 35

what is the second most common hand/wrist fracture after scaphoid in athletes?

Answer 35

hook of hamate fracture

Question 36

if taken chronically, zinc can block the absorption of what other two nutrients?

Answer 36

copper and iron

Question 37

intake of what two nutrients enhances protein recovery after fracture?

Answer 37

collagen and vitamin C

Question 38

t/f cortisol and IL-6 increase if glucose availability is low after fracture

Answer 38

true

Question 39

the physis of bone is made of what type of tissue?

Answer 39

cartilage

Question 40

which type of pediatric fracture is characterized by bulging of a single cortex side of a long bone?

Answer 40

torus / buckle

Question 41

which type of pediatric fracture consists of unilateral cortex disruption?

Answer 41

greenstick

Question 42

what is the name for a distal tibial physeal fracture in a child?

Answer 42

juvenile tilaux

Question 43

t/f the fifth metatarsal base has a longitudinal apophysis in the skeletally immature

Answer 43

true

Question 44

from the history, what is the primary way to differentiate between tibial tubercle fracture and osgood schlatter?

Answer 44

tibial tubercle fracture is sudden onset and OS is more insidious

Question 45

what is a Toddler's fracture?

Answer 45

distal spiral fracture

Question 46

what two criteria typically justify operation of midshaft clavicle fracture in adults?

Answer 46

>2cm shortening or 100% displaced

Question 47

you should follow physeal fractures every how many months for the first year with radiographs?

Answer 47

every 3 months

Question 48

which rehab modality used in fracture care consists of compression cycles of positive and negative pressure?

Answer 48

shockwave therapy

Question 49

what rehab modality used for fracture non union creates microfractures that induce osteogenesis?

Answer 49

shockwave

Question 50

which modality used for fracture delayed / non union is superior for treatment compared to non union?

Answer 50

intraosseous bone marrow concentrate

Question 51

which nerve roots of the brachial plexus are most commonly affected by nTOS?

Answer 51

C7-T1

Question 53

EMG is normal in what percentage of cases of nTOS?

Answer 53

98%

Question 54

what is the best option for diagnosis of nTOS?

Answer 54

diagnostic block injection

Question 55

if a diagnostic block helps in suspected nTOS, what is the next step from an interventional standpoint?

Answer 55

botox

Question 56

t/f an MRI is rarely useful for nTOS diagnosis

Answer 56

true

Question 57

which nerve is superficial to the anterior scalene?

Answer 57

phrenic nerve

Question 58

fibromyalgia and POTS generally fall under the category of what dysfunction?

Answer 58

dysautonomia

Question 59

how does a pec minor tenotomy typically work to improve nTOS?

Answer 59

by improving scapular dyskinesis

Question 60

if you have suspicion that a patient with possible nTOS may have fibromyalgia, what treatment should you consider?

Answer 60

lyrica

Question 61

what study should you do prior to compartment pressure testing for suspected CECS?

Answer 61

MRI

Question 62

which two lower extremity compartments are most often affected by CECS?

Answer 62

anterior and lateral

Question 63

physical therapy for CECS should focus on what running change?

Answer 63

transition to forefoot running

Question 64

for refractory cases of CECS, what non surgical treatment can be attempted if the patient is not high level athlete?

Answer 64

botox

Question 65

in surgical fasciotomy for CECS, what nerve injury is the most likely complication?

Answer 65

superficial peroneal nerve injury

Question 66

the tibial nerve is in what compartment of the leg?

Answer 66

deep posterior

Question 67

t/f surgical treatment has higher likelihood of return to sport in CECS compared to non surgical treatment

Answer 67

true