Ultrasound

Question 1

which one of the major dorsal forearm muscles/tendons does not attach to the lateral epicondyle?

Answer 1

ECRL does NOT attach to the lateral epicondyle

Question 2

which muscle is deep to the ECRB distal to the radial head?

Answer 2

supinator muscle

Question 3

describe the relationship of FDL and FHL at the knot of henry

Answer 3

the FDL crosses inferior /superficially to the FHL

Question 4

what is the name for the effect created by converting volt from an ultrasound probe to sound waves?

Answer 4

reverse pizoelectric effect

Question 5

the degree of reflection in an ultrasound image is based upon what principle?

Answer 5

acoustic impedance

Question 6

t/f a linear transducer produces less anisotropy compared to curved transducer

Answer 6

true

Question 7

what is the most common artifact in MSK ultrasound imaging?

Answer 7

anisotropy

Question 8

what soft tissue structure is the most susceptible to anisotropy?

Answer 8

tendon

Question 9

what ultrasound term refers to refraction artifact secondary to velocity change deep to a curved interference?

Answer 9

edge shadowing

Question 10

which ultrasound finding of MSK structures is characterized by thickening/swelling , loss of usual fibrillar echotexture, and neovascularity?

Answer 10

tendinosis

Question 11

what artifact will be seen in MSK imaging of calcific tendinopathy?

Answer 11

posterior shadowing

Question 12

which ultrasound imaging artifact can be helpful in identifying torn tendon ends?

Answer 12

edge shadowing artifact

Question 13

ligaments are generally what degree of echogenecity?

Answer 13

hyperechoic

Question 14

on ultrasound imaging of the ATFL you note swollen and hypoechoic appearance without fiber disruption or laxity on dynamic stress imaging. what is the grade of injury?

Answer 14

grade 1

Question 15

you see a focal narrowing of a nerve at an area of suspected entrapment. what is this sign called?

Answer 15

notch sign

Question 16

on which facet does the anterior band of the gluteus medius insert on the greater trochanter?

Answer 16

lateral facet

Question 17

how does hyaline cartilage appear under ultrasound?

Answer 17

hypoechoic/anechoic

Question 18

M mode of the pleura in PTX will result in what appearance?

Answer 18

barcode

Question 19

t/f in the case of hamstring tendon / muscle injury, muscular edema will appear hyperechoic

Answer 19

true

Question 20

what measurement of the IVC indicates hypovolemia?

Answer 20

<2cm

Question 21

what percentage collapse of the IVC with respiratory variation indicates hypovolemia

Answer 21

> 50%

Question 22

in IVC fluid measurement, how many cm away from the right atrium should you measure the AP diameter?

Answer 22

3-4 cm away

Question 23

at the carpal tunel inlet, the median nerve lies directly beneath what structure?

Answer 23

transverse carpal ligament

Question 24

when performing injection of the biceps tendon sheath of the shoulder, what arterial structure should you assess for to avoid during the procedure?

Answer 24

anterior humeral circumflex artery

Question 25

what is the term for the procedure where fluid is injected both above and below the median nerve?

Answer 25

hydrodissection

Question 26

median nerve / carpal tunnel injection should be performed with the needle from what direction?

Answer 26

from lateral to medial

Question 27

between what two bones is a dorsal wrist joint injection performed?

Answer 27

radius and lunate

Question 28

during a 1st dorsal compartment injection, what artery / nerve structures should you avoid?

Answer 28

superficial radial nerve and radial artery

Question 29

when injecting the first dorsal compartment and using the transverse anatomic plane, the needle should be advanced in what direction?

Answer 29

volar to dorsal

Question 30

which facet of the greater trochanter does the gluteus medius and maximus insert, respectively?

Answer 30

gluteus medius - lateral facet gluteus maximus - posterior facet

Question 31

when performing a greater trochanteric bursa injection, the target lies between what two structures?

Answer 31

the gluteus maximus superficially and the gluteus medius tendon deep

Question 32

which nerve should you assess for to avoid during an ITBS knee bursa injection?

Answer 32

common fibular nerve

Question 33

when performing an US guided injection of the plantar fascia, the ultrasound probe is placed in the transverse plane and needle is advanced in what relative direction?

Answer 33

medial to lateral