ANAT NOTES 1 PART 1

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of the STRUCTURE of the human body

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of body FUNCTION

Question 3

Gross anatomy

Answer 3

Dissection of body

Question 4

Regional anatomy (examples)

Answer 4

Thorax, abdominal, etc.

Question 5

Systematic anatomy (examples)

Answer 5

Cardiovascular sys, skeletal sys, etc.

Question 6

Surface anatomy

Answer 6

What you see

Question 7

Microscopic anatomy

Answer 7

What you can’t see with the naked eye

Question 8

Histology

Answer 8

Study of tissues

Question 9

What are the 11 anatomical systems?

Answer 9

1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
5. Endocrine
6. Cardiovascular
7. Lymphatic System/Immunity
8. Respiratory
9. Digestive
10. Urinary
11. Reproductive Systems (Male & Female)

Question 10

Anatomical position 
(Common visual reference point)

Answer 10

• person stands erect with feet together and eyes forward

- palms face anteriorly (supine) with the thumbs pointed away from body

Question 11

Axial region

Answer 11

Axis of body - head, neck, and trunk

Question 12

Appendicular region

Answer 12

Appendages

Question 13

Frontal (coronal) plane

Answer 13

Lies vertically and divides body into anterior and posterior parts

Question 14

Transverse plane

Answer 14

Runs horizontally and divides body into superior and inferior parts

Question 15

Sagittal planes

Answer 15

Vertically divide body into right and left parts

Question 16

Parasagittal planes

Answer 16

A sagittal plane offset from the midline

Question 17

How many parts can the abdominopelvic cavity be divided into? What are they?

Answer 17

• two parts

- abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Question 18

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

Answer 18

Liver, stomach, kidneys, and other organs

Question 19

What does the pelvic cavity contain?

Answer 19

Bladder, some reproductive organs, and rectum

Question 20

Serous cavities

Answer 20

A slitlike space lined by a serous membrane

Question 21

Serosae associated with…

Answer 21

Pleura (lungs)
Pericardium (hearts)
Peritoneum (abdominal viscera)

Question 22

Parietal serosa

Also provide different serosae names

Answer 22

Outer wall of the cavity

1. Parietal pleura
2. Parietal pericardium
3. Parietal peritoneum

Question 23

Visceral serosa

Also provide different serosae names

Answer 23

Covers the visceral organs

1. Visceral pleura
2. Visceral pericardium
3. Visceral peritoneum

Question 24

Serious fluid

Answer 24

Produced by both layers of the serous membrane

In between visceral and parietal and often referred to as the cavity

Question 25

What organs can be found in the RUQ? | Anterior view

Answer 25

- liver | - gallbladder

Question 26

What organs can be found the LUQ? | Anterior view

Answer 26

- diaphragm - spleen - stomach - transverse colon of large intestine

Question 27

What organs can be found in the RLQ? | Anterior view

Answer 27

- ascending colon of large intestine - small intestine - cecum - appendix

Question 28

What organs can be found in the LLQ? | Anterior view

Answer 28

- descending colon of large intestine - initial part of sigmoid colon - urinary bladder

Question 29

Microscopy

Answer 29

Examining small structures through a microscope

Question 30

Light microscopy

Answer 30

Illuminated tissue with a beam of light (lower magnification)

Question 31

Electron microscopy

Answer 31

Used beams of electrons (higher magnification)

Question 32

X Ray (best used for?)

Answer 32

Electromagnetic waves of very short length | -best for visualizing bones and abdominal dense structures

Question 33

Computed (axial) tomography (CT or CAT)

Answer 33

- takes successive X rays around a persons full circumference - computer translates recorded information into a detailed pic of the body section

Question 34

Angiography

Answer 34

Contrast medium highlights vessel structure

Question 35

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)

Answer 35

- images taken before and after contrast medium injection | - computer subtracts “before” and “after” to identify blockage of arteries to heart wall and brain

Question 36

Position emission tomography (PET)

Answer 36

Forms images by detecting radioactive isotopes injected into the body

Question 37

Sonography (ultrasound imaging)

Answer 37

Body is probed with pulses of high-frequency sound waves that echo off the body’s tissues (Used to determine age of a developing fetus)

Question 38

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 38

Produces high-quality images of soft tissues | Distinguishes body tissues based on relative water content