Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuro > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

(51 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What cranial nerves are sensory only

A

1, 2, 8

olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What cranial nerves are mixed sensory and motor?

A

5, 7, 9, 10

trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which cranial nerves emerge from the midbrain

A

3 and 4 (oculomotor, trochlear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which cranial nerves emerge from the pons

A

5, 6, 7, 8
trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which cranial nerves emerge from the medulla

A

9, 10, 11, 12
glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the functional component(s) of the lateral horns of the spinal cord?

A

Sympathetic division of autonomic motor activation:

urination, digestion, heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the functional component(s) of the anterior/ventral horns of the spinal cord?

A

Voluntary motor activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the functional component(s) of the posterior/ dorsal horns of the spinal cord?

A

receive sensory input: pressure, vibration, fine touch, proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the functions of the midbrain?

A

vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake cycle, consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the functions of the pons?

A

sensation of facial expressions, body equilibrium/posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the functions of the medulla?

A

regulation of blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, digestion (visceral reflexes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the functions of the thalamus?

A

Relays sensory and motor information to and from cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the functions of the hypothalamus?

A

body temp regulation, sleep/wake cycle, hunger/thirst, regulates release of endocrine hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the functions of the basal ganglia?

A

finetunes motor movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the functions of the frontal lobe?

A

executive function, movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the functions of the temporal lobe?

A

language processing, visual recognition, short term memory (sense info to hippocampus), smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the functions of the parietal lobe?

A

creates 3D representation of space, gives awareness of where we are in space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Increased reflexes indicates an upper or lower motor neuron problem?

A

Upper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Decreased reflex indicates upper or lower motor neuron problem

A

lower.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what key function is associated with the reticular formation

A

consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
Study These Flashcards
A

foramen lacerum

22
Q
Study These Flashcards
A

clivus of occipital bone

23
Q

what are the structures that pass through the foramen ovale

Study These Flashcards
A

mnemonic to remember these structures is “VALE” (V3 mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve, accessory meningeal branch of maxillary artery, Lateral petrosal nerve, Emissary vein).

emissary veins connect the cavernous sinus with the pterygoid plexus.

24
Q

what are the structures that pass through the foramen spinosum

Study These Flashcards
A

middle meningeal artery (a branch of the maxillary artery, which is in turn a branch of the external carotid artery) supplies blood to the dura mater that surrounds the brain.

25
What structures pass through the optic canal?
Optic nerve (CNII), ophthalmic artery
26
What strutures pass through the superior orbital fissure?
Oculomotor nerve (CNIII), trochlear nerve (CNIV), ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV1), abducent nerve (CNVI), ophthalmic veins
27
What structures pass through the foramen rotundum?
Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV2)
28
What structures pass through the foramen lacerum?
Greater petrosal nerve
29
What passes through the Carotid canal?
internal carotid artery
30
What's this?
carotid canal from posterior skull base view
31
what are the segments of the internal carotid artery
Mnemonic: Come, Please Let Children Consume Our Candy Cervical (C1), Petrous (C2), Lacerum (C3), Cavernous (C4), Clinoid (C5), Ophthalmic (C6), Communicating segments (C7)
32
what are the branches of the internal carotid artery
They stem from several segments (C2, C4, C6, and C7), the only exceptions being the cervical (C1), lacerum (C3), and clinoid (C5) segments do not give rise to any branches. Mnemonic: A VIP’S COMMA Caritocotympanic (C2), Vidian (C2), Meningeal (C4), Inferior Hypophyseal (C4), Superior Hypophyseal (C6), Ophthalmic (C6), Posterior Communicating (C7), Anterior Choroidal (C7) Terminal Branches: Anterior Cerebral (C7), Middle Cerebral Arteries (C7)
33
what are the contents of the cavernous sinus
Mnemonic: Oh, COAT Oculmotor nerve (III), Internal Carotid artery, Ophthalmic nerve (V1), Abducens nerve (VI), Trochlear nerve (IV)
34
where it enters the brain (after it passes through the distal dural ring), the internal carotid artery gives off the _____ and terminates in the \_\_\_\_\_
gives off the posterior communicating artery, anterior choroidal artery, and superior hypophyseal artery terminates in both the middle cerebral artery and the anterior cerebral
35
at what segment does the internal carotid artery give off the opthalmic artery
the clinoid portion
36
which CN is damaged in a patient with dry eye (assuming it's neuro cause)
CN VII (facial, via parasympathetic axons)
37
the oculomotor nerve (CNIII) innervates which muscles of the eye
all of the extgrinsic muscles of the eye except for the lateral rectus (abducens) and the superior oblique (trochlear)
38
Trochlear n. .. why is it so unique
it is the only CN to emerge from posterior brainstem (where it exits just below the inferior colliculus) and its only function is to innervate the superior oblique muscle of the eye (which uses a trochlea/pulley to move the eye). It is the only CN where the defect would occur on the contralateral side (b/c it crosses over in between the inferior colliculi) also, its nucleus is only at the level of the inferior colliculus of the midbrain mn: TR - OBLIQ - LEAR
39
function of abducens n.
its only function is to innervate the lateral rectus eye muscle mn: AbducEns --\> lAteral rEctus also, ABDucens does ABDuction of the eye
40
what tract does reception of pain and temperature
the lateral spinothalamic tract --\> to the spinal lemniscus
41
what tract does light touch and pressure
anterior spinothalamic tract --\> to the spinal lemniscus
42
what tract does reception of discriminative touch, proprioception, and vibration
the cuneate and gracile fasciculi --\> posterior column to the medial lemniscus mn: MEdial lemnisucs does MEniscule differences between 2 point touch and tells where ME is in space. Also when you hum MEEE your head vibrates
43
what are the nuclei of the facial nerve?
Facial motor nuclei (pons) Superior Salivatory nucleus (parasympathetic in pons) Solitary nucleus (gustatory sensation) (medulla) Spinal trigeminal (sensation from external auditory meatus, the tympanic membrane, and the pinna of the ear) (shares this nucleus/tract with other CNs, esp. V). located across pons and medulla
44
An aneurysm of the posterior communicating artery can cause compression of what CN?
the nearby oculomotor nerve (CN III). it is the main cause of isolated CNIII palsy
45
clinical picture of Thrombosis of the cavernous sinus
variable clinical manifestation because of the number of cranial nerves passing through the region (CN III, IV, V1, V2 VI). Patients with cavernous sinus thrombosis can present with 1. headaches 2. unilateral CN III palsy. 3. signs of fever, 4. unilateral periorbital edema, 5. photophobia
46
Foramen Rotunda is the hole for
trigeminal n V2 (exits in the maxilla)
47
exact location of Broca's area
Broca’s area is Broadman’s area 44 and 45 (pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus) in frontal lobe supplied by superior branch of middle cerebral artery
48
broadman area and blood supply to Wernicke
Aa to Wernicke’s: inferior branch of middle cerebral artery broadman area 22
49
what is the association fiber tract running between broca and wenickes?
arcuate fasciculus
50
what are the dopaminergic pathways
nigrostriatal, mesolimbic, mesocortical, tuberoinfundibular
51
information from the pressure sensors at the carotid sinus are carried via what nerve? input from the chemoreceptors of the aortic bodies are carried via what nerve?
pressure sensors at the carotid sinus: glossopharyngeal chemoreceptors of the aortic bodies: vagus

Neuro (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions