Anatomy and physiology

Question 1

What do the cells on a body form

Answer 1

When they work together to they are called tissues, there are many types

Question 2

Whats fo tissues form when working together

Answer 2

An organ

Question 3

Whats it call when organs work together

Answer 3

An organ system

Question 4

What are the 4 types of tissues

Answer 4

Epithelial tissue (skin)
Connective tissue(fill ins and connect things, like ligaments or cartilage)
Muscular tissue (anything that contracts and expands)
Nervous tissue (tissue that relays messages throughout your body)

Question 5

What are the three layers of skin?

Answer 5

Epidermis
Dermis
Fatty layer

Question 6

What are the layer of the bone?

Answer 6

Periosteum
Compact
Bone marrow
Spongy bone

Question 7

What are the four types of joints?

Answer 7

Pivot joint
Gliding joint
Hinge joint
Ball and socket joint

Question 8

List some basic functions of skin

Answer 8

Physical barrier, regulates body temperature, produces vitamin d, removes body waste, has nerve endings

Question 9

What minerals make bones hard

Answer 9

Calcium and phosphorus

Question 10

Whats the difference between ligaments and tendons

Answer 10

Ligaments connect bones to bones, tendon connect muscle to bones

Question 11

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system and subdivisions

Answer 11

Central and peripheral

Somatic and autonomic

Question 12

What does the central nervous system do

Answer 12

The brain and spinal cord relays messages between brain and body

Question 13

What are the two types if neurons in the nervous system and what do they do

Answer 13

Sensory: Relay sensory and pain. information to the brain
Motor:Relay info from muscle to brain to make muscles move

Question 14

What are the three main parts of the brain

Answer 14

Cerebrum
brain stem
cerebellum

Question 15

Give a basic description usuing proper vocabulary of how neorons communicate

Answer 15

Made of a cell body, axon, and dendrite.
Dendrite transmits the impulse to the cell body, the body the axon takes that signal and releases a neurotransmitter chemical that send it along

Question 16

Give a basic description usuing proper vocabulary of how eyes work

Answer 16

The eyes lens and cornea bend light to the receptors at the back of your eye, they then transmit the information to the optic nerve the carries it to the brain to interpret the information as an image

Question 17

what does tge brain stem do

Answer 17

control involuntary movement

Question 18

Which gland controls the other glands

Answer 18

The pituitary gland

Question 19

What is chyme

Answer 19

Food combined with digestive juices

Question 20

What does your body burn for energy quickly

Answer 20

Carbohydrates

Question 21

Most nutrients are absorbed in the ____ intestine

Answer 21

small

Question 22

What connect the kidney and bladder

Answer 22

ureter

Question 23

What does our body use to build and re grow cells

Answer 23

Protiens

Question 24

what are nephrons

Answer 24

Filtration units in your kidneys

Question 25

Give an example to explain the difference between chemical and mechanical digestion

Answer 25

Chewing is mechanical, saliva breakd down simple sugars

Question 26

Name the 4 types of blood

Answer 26

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

Question 27

Name the parts of the respiratory tract in order

Answer 27

Pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, alveoli, bronchi, bronchiole

Question 28

Name the 4 heart chambers

Answer 28

Right, left atrium, Right left ventricle

Question 29

What kind of has exchange takes place in the lungs

Answer 29

Your blood picks up oxygen and expels carbon dioxide

Question 30

Describe the path blood takes round the body

Answer 30

Blood leaving your heart travels through arteries to capillaries. Nutrient and gad exchange with surrounding cells takes place in capillaries, blood returns through veins.

Question 31

After blood gets oxygenated in the lungs, what part of the heart does it go to first

Answer 31

The left ventricle

Question 32

Define pathogens

Answer 32

A virus or bacteria

Question 33

Name tge difference between passive and active immunity

Answer 33

Active in s learned antibodies through fighting, and passive ate antibodies your body didn’t work for, they were passed on

Question 34

Why does inflammation occur

Answer 34

To draw more blood, and therefore white blood, too a potentially infected area

Question 35

list four pathogens

Answer 35

virus, bacteria, protists, and fungi

Question 36

Define allele

Answer 36

One form, or variation, of a gene

Question 37

What are tge twi types of Allele

Answer 37

Dominant and recessive

Question 38

Whats a phenotype

Answer 38

A gene that gets expressed, when there but not expressed its called a genotype

Question 39

What are the main principles of mendelian genetics

Answer 39

1. Each trait is controlled by two genes called alleles 2. Alles can be: recessive, dominate, recessive 3. You get one allele frpm each parent

Question 40

Define homozygous

Answer 40

An organism having 2 of the same allele, if not then heterozygous