Cells Flashcards
(50 cards)
Name 5 properties of a living organism
Are structured around the most basic living unit:a cell Grow, change and develop Respond to stimuli Consume energy to live Reproduce
What are all the categories in the classification hierarchy (what all living things can be sorted by:by broad to specific )
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
What are the six main kingdoms
Plant animals fungi protists archaebacteria eubacteria
What characteristics do all living things have
Consume energy, are made of cells, grown and change, respond to stimuli, and reproduce
Give an example of binomial nomenclature
Genus:defines small groups of species
Species: defines a single species by itself
What three shapes does bacteria usually come in
Spherical, rod like, and spiral
Whats the difference between autotroph organism and a heterotroph
One feeds itself through photosynthesis, and the other eats other plants or animals to get energy
Describe a virus
A virus is a strand of genetic information surrounded by a protein coat
Why might a virus not be considered living
It needs a host in order to survive, it cannot supply anything for itself or reproduce
What is immunity
The resistance to getting sick, after contracting a virus, your body learns about it and makes more specific cells to prepare for that virus in the future
The parts of cell theory
All organisms are made of cells
The cell is the basic building block of life
Every cell comes from another existing cell
What are the parts of a cell (all are called) called
Organelles
All cells vary, but what must all cells have?
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Define cell membrane
Holds the cell together and can let certain things through and keep others out
Define cell wall
Most plants and some animals have a tough and rigid outside wall that protects the cell and gives it shape
Define cytoplasm
inside the cell membrane It contains everything inside the cell
Define cytoskeleton
Made of thin protein fibers and hallow protein tubes, maintains structure and helps things move around in the cell.
Define ribosomes
They make protein specific to hereditary material, are found in most structural components, and are part of major reactions in the cell.
Define nucleus
The center of the cell, it contains its chromosomes and makes ribosomes
Define mitochondria
It releases energy
Define vacuoles
Temporary cell storage for food water and waste
Define lysosome
Breaks down waste and foreign particles, digests old/dead cells, makes new cells (contains chemicals to break down and recycle old cell parts)
Define Endoplasmic reticulum
Made of folded membranes and process and moves materials (transport facility)
Define Golgi bodies
They sort protein and other produces from ER and package and distribute them
