Unit 2

Question 1

Define matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

Define atom

Answer 2

The smallest unit of matter

Question 3

What are the three things that make up an atom

Answer 3

Electrons, protons, neutrons

Question 4

Whats a nucleus made of

Answer 4

Protons and neutrons

Question 5

What particle is positively charged

Answer 5

Proton

Question 6

What particle is neutrally charged, meaning not charged?

Answer 6

Neutrons

Question 7

Electrons have what type of charge?

Answer 7

Negative

Question 8

What does an atom look like

Answer 8

A cumulation of protons and neutrons at the center called the nucleus, surrounded by a cloud like structure made of electrons,the thicker/denser the cloud is, the more electrons.

Question 9

Electrons ____ around the nucleus

Answer 9

Orbit to fast to pin point

Question 10

What 2 proporties are used to differentiate matter?

Answer 10

Physical and chemical

Question 11

Some examples of physical properties are

Answer 11

color
size
desity 
malleability 
magnetism 
boiling/melting point
solubility

Question 12

What’s the difference between chemical and physical changes?

Answer 12

Physical is typically reversible, just changing the state of an object, but chemical changes what the object itself is, and cannot be reversed.

Question 13

List some chemical properties

Answer 13

Flammability 
Reactivity
Any other change that makes it a new subtance
-color
-energy
-odor
-formation (its physical state)

Question 14

What is conorvation of mass?

Answer 14

The law that states no matter what you do to it, the amount of matter you started will always be the same as what you end with

Question 15

Explain conservation of mass technicaly

Answer 15

The reactant (changed substance) will always equal the mass of the product, no matter where its properties

Question 16

Solids:features and movment of particles

Answer 16

Fixed shape and volume

Vibrate, but fixed positions

Question 17

liquid particles: features and movment of particles

Answer 17

Shape can change, volume is fixed, can flow

Free moving no fixed positions

Question 18

Gas particles

Answer 18

Move so freely and aren’t packed at all, no mater where they are they will fill the space

Question 19

Gas: features and movment of particles

Answer 19

Shape and volume not fixed and depends on container, can flow
Particles move quickly and are far apart

Question 20

Define viscosity

Answer 20

Resistance to flow

Question 21

What is vaporization

Answer 21

when liquid turns to vapor

Question 22

Why makes elements different from other elements?

Answer 22

The different numbers of protons and electrons which when combined result in different properties

Question 23

Define element

Answer 23

A type of atom

Question 24

Define atomic number

Answer 24

The number of protons an element has, elements are separated bu this because they all have a different number

Question 25

Define atomic mass

Answer 25

The average mass of that atom containing that element

Question 26

Define period

Answer 26

A row of categorized elements across the periodic table

Question 27

Define group or family

Answer 27

A column of of elements in the periodic table. Groups of elements have similar physical and chemical properties

Question 28

What are the rings that make an electron cloud called

Answer 28

There are two rigs around the nucleus called energy levels.

Question 29

How many electrons can each ring hold?

Answer 29

The first can only hold two with how attracted they are to the center, making them a higher negative charger and hard to remove. The second has a lower charge and can hold up to eight.

Question 30

While an element always has the same number of protons, ____ varies, and the more it has makes it _____ more

Answer 30

Neutrons, weigh

Question 31

Define isotopes

Answer 31

Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons

Question 32

All atoms at forst have ____ charge, meaning the number of protons is equal too ____

Answer 32

Neutral, the number of electrons

Question 33

A charged atom (has more or less electrons then protons) is called

Answer 33

An ion

Question 34

Why do atoms combine(give and take an even amount of shit from each other)

Answer 34

To become stable, they will give take and even combine to be neutral.

Question 35

Where is an atoms shell?

Answer 35

The outer ring of electrons

Question 36

What are the electrons on the outer ring called and what do they do?

Answer 36

Valence shells, form chemical bonds with the valence electrons

Question 37

What do two or more atoms combine to form?

Answer 37

A molecular compound

Question 38

To figure out the number of neutrons present you

Answer 38

Subtract the atomic number(protons/electrons) from the atomic mass (average weight of neutrons)

Question 39

define chemical bond

Answer 39

When atoms share electrons