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unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define life science or biology

A

The study of all living things, like plants, animals, and even single cell organisms.

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2
Q

Define earth science

A

deals with earth and space-things like planets, stars, and rocks. Earth science studies nonliving things and their history.

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3
Q

define Physical science and what fields it includes.

A

Its all about matter and energy, the most basic building blocks of the universe. It includes physics and chemistry

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4
Q

What is physics essentially?

A

energy interacting with matter

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5
Q

What is chemistry essentially?

A

Matter and how it transforms

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6
Q

What does physics study

A

A single “lego” and all of its properties, like how it moves around and its energy

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7
Q

What does chemistry study

A

How legos fit together to create larger things

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8
Q

What does life science study

A

All possible living things made of legos

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9
Q

What does earth science study

A

All non living things in the lego world

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10
Q

What are the parts of a scientific inquiry in order?

A

Question, background research, which is used to create, hypothesis, which is tested by, observation.Then after this has most likely been repeated, conclusion.

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11
Q

What are the different types of observations?

A

Quantitive and qualitative.

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12
Q

Define a quantitative observation

A

An observation in the form of a measurement of any kind.

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13
Q

Define a qualitative observation

A

Based on the qualities of something

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14
Q

What are the three types of models

A

physical, computer, mathematical

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15
Q

Define scientific theory

A

A proposed explanation for something, its based on many observations and has been extensively tested

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16
Q

what is a scientific idea

A

A prediction after observations are made that evidence may or may not support

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17
Q

Whats a theory

A

An explanation of WHY something happens, based on years of testing and observation

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18
Q

Define scientific law

A

Describes WHAT happens under certain conditions

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19
Q

What is a hypothesis

A

An educated prediction that can be tested

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20
Q

If your observations don’t support your hypothesis what should you do

A

Make q new hypothesis based on your observations and begin scientific inquiry all over again

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21
Q

What can evidence-observations or data- do in scientific inquiry

A

Support or oppose a hypothesis

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22
Q

Evidence is used to ___

A

Test a hypothesis, it’s essentially used to be analyzed and fine out whether or not a hypothesis is true

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23
Q

Difference between theory and law?

A

A theory explains why something happens, a law identifies what happens in nature but not necessarily why

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24
Q

Name three good needed steeps for designing an experiment

A

Observe: something you are curious about
Alter: a previous experiment to better develop your own
Repeat:past experiments to see if you get the same results

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25
Define procedure
A step by step list of how to carry out the experiment
26
Define variables in an experiment
The steps, they can either be changed or stay the same
27
define control
The parts of something that were always this way, the variable that was completely unchanged
28
Define constant
the variables in an experiment that remain the same, everything should have this thing
29
Define an independent variable
The one you change
30
Define dependent variable
The variable that is changed by the independent one, aka the result
31
Data once collected should be turned into a
Graph
32
Line graphs show ___
How variables relate based on repetition or change within results
33
Define engineering
A branch of studies that uses the design, building, and use of machines and structures to solve real world problems
34
Define mechanical engineering
deals with mechanical power and designing mechanical systems, machines, and tools; studies forces and motion
35
Define chemical engineering
works with raw materials and chemicals; discovers new materials and process
36
Define civil engineering
includes designing and constructing buildings, roads, dams and more
37
Define design specs
The requirements and engineer must fulfill in their design
38
define constraints
Restrictions or limitations that need to be kept in mind when designing (can be physical, social, or financial)
39
Define design statement
Essentially a brainstorm of design ideas to solve a problem that need to all be evaluated
40
What is some universal design criteria?
Robustness, cost, aesthetics, resources, time ☕️, skill required, safety, elegance
41
Define prototype
A preliminary model that can be easily adjusted
42
What is the engineer design process
1. define the problem 2. do background research 3. determine design specs and constraints 4.create a design statement 5.design and construct prototype 6. test and evaluate prototype If it works make and show off final product, if not back to step 4 💻
43
Line graphs essentially
Compare information, put that way its easy to draw conclusions between the independent and dependent variable
44
What is a step by step list of how to carry out an experiment
A procedure
45
Whats the variable that is changed on purpose in an experiment by the scientist?
Independent variable
46
Whats the factor that is influenced by the independent variable, usually the observed result of an experiment?
dependent variable
47
Whats the factors in an experiment that remain the same
constants
48
An experiment where all variables are held constant
Control
49
What it called when you use evidence to draw conclusions you may not have directly observed
Inferring
50
What are the steps of a lab report, be sure you know their definitions too.
Title, purpose, background information, hypothesis, materials and equipment, procedure, data that is accurate and precise, conclusion
51
Define precision
How consistent and exact your results are
52
Define accuracy
How close to the actual value your measurement is
53
Describe the difference between precision and accuracy
Precision is how consistent and exact a measurement is, while accuracy is how close to the true or targeted value a measurement is
54
What does a hypothesis tell you in a lab report?
It describes the predictions you were testing
55
What does a procedure tell you in a lab report?
Its a list of the steps to carry out an experiment, so its telling you how to reproduce the experiment if needed
56
What shod be included in a conclusion?
A summary of what you learned, whether your results supported your hypothesis, any errors, and questions for more experiments
57
Describe some reasons why you might be critical of scientific findings
The person or group conducting the experiment is biased, data is unreasonable, and/or the results aren’t replicable
58
Define bias
A bias is having special interests that prevents you from being objective, basically having special interest that makes the results unreliable
59
Si is and means?
it stands for system internationale which is french for international system, it’s essentially a system to tell you what unit to use to measure type of quantity
60
What do all SI units have that can by used to convert between measurement by division and multiplication
A multiplier, a set number given to each quantity thats used to convert it
61
Types of measurements are
``` Length Volume Mass Weight Density Temperature Time ```
62
what is the formula to convert celsius to kelvin units?
Tk = Tc + 273.15 or Tc = Tk - 273.15
63
What is the formula to convert between Fahrenheit and celsius
Tf = (tc x 9/5) +32 or Tc = (tf -32) x5/9
64
Define meniscus
The curved surface of liquid in a tube, its where you read measurements of a graduated cylinder at eye level
65
If a solid is irregular, whats the best way to find is volume?
Measure the volume of the water they displace when you stick it in the water
66
Density is
The amount of matter in a certain volume
67
How to measure density
Mass/volume
68
What are the SI units for mass, length and temperature?
Grams, meters, kelvin
69
Where do you look to take the volume of a reading of a liquid in a graduated cylinder
the bottom of the meniscus
70
Volume in a rectangle =?
L x W x H
71
Whats the difference between mass and weight
Mass is the amount of matter in an object, and weight is the force applied by mass
72
Define volume
The amount of space something occupies
73
define density
The amount of matter in a volume: something denser will sink below something that is less dense
74
How to use eyewash
use and rise your eye immediately for 15 minutes, use if chemicals get in your eye
75
When to use Thermal mitts or tongs
Use when handing hot beaker/equipment
76
Whats a fire blanket for
Use to smother fire, if a person is on fire, wrap them up and have them roll on the floor
77
what to do if you have a minor burn
put under cold running water for at least five minutes, bandage with gause and polysporine
78
Water will not put out what type of fire?
Electrical
79
What are the six types of hazardous waste
``` biological toxic radioactive flammable corrosive chemical sharp objects and glassware ```
80
How to smell chemicals
Waft it
81
Define biological materials
living or once living materials
82
What is used to heat things with an open flame
A bunsen burner
83
Dont eat or ____ in a lab
Drink
84
A _____ stand is used in conjunction with a bunsen burner
Ring

Everything science (6 decks)

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