Anatomy And Physiology Of The Neck

Question 1

What bones make up the lateral aspect of the cranium?

Answer 1

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital

Question 2

What bones make up the base of the cranium?

Answer 2

Frontal
Sphenoid
Temporal
Parietal
Occipital
Ethmoid

Question 3

What suture runs between parietal and frontal bone?

Answer 3

Coronal suture

Question 4

What bones the coronal suture separate?

Answer 4

The frontal and parietal bones

Question 5

What suture separates the two parietal bones?

Answer 5

The saggital suture

Question 6

What bones does the saggital suture separate?

Answer 6

The left and right parietal bones

Question 7

What suture separates the occipital and parietal bones?

Answer 7

Lambdoid suture

Question 8

What bones does the lambdoid suture separate ?

Answer 8

Occipital and parietal bones

Question 9

What can lie in the connection between the coronal and saggital suture?

Answer 9

The frontal fontanelle

Question 10

What can lie in the connection between the saggital and lambdoid suture?

Answer 10

The occipital fontanelle

Question 11

What is a fontanelle?

Answer 11

Gaps in unfused sutures

Question 12

what are gaps in unfused sutures?

Answer 12

Fontanelle

Question 13

How many cervical vertebra is there?

Answer 13

7

Question 14

What is C1 called?

Answer 14

Atlas

Question 15

What is C2 called?

Answer 15

Axis

Question 16

What are the broad triangles of the neck?

Answer 16

Anterior
Posterior

Question 17

What is important in the division of the triangles?

Answer 17

The SCM muscle

Question 18

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle?

Answer 18

Midline of the neck
Mandible
SCM

Question 19

What are the muscles in the suprahyoid part of the anterior triangle?

Answer 19

Digastric muscle (anterior and posterior belly)
Mylohyoid muscle
Geniohyoid muscle

Question 20

What are the muscles in the infrahyoid part of the anterior traingle?

Answer 20

Omohyoid muscle (superior belly)
Sternohyoid muscle
Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid

Question 21

What are the subdivisions of the anterior triangle?

Answer 21

Muscular
Carotid
Submandibular
Submental

Question 22

What are the arteries in the anterior triangle?

Answer 22

Common carotid
ECA
ICA
Superior thyroid (ECA)
Inferior thyroid (Thyrocervical trunk)

Question 23

What are the veins in the anterior triangle?

Answer 23

Anterior jugular veins
Internal jugular vein
Superior thyroid vein
Middle thyroid veins

Question 24

What are the nerves in the anterior triangle?

Answer 24

Vagus nerve CNX
Hypoglossal nerve CNXIII
Part of the sympathetic trunk

Question 25

What are the branches of the ECA?

Answer 25

Superior thyroid artery Ascending pharyngeal artery Lingual artery Facial artery Occipital artery Posterior auricular artery Maxillary artery Superficial temporal artery

Question 26

What does the carotid sinus act as?

Answer 26

A barrier receptor for detecting BP

Question 27

What does carotid body act as?

Answer 27

Chemoreceptors for acid base disturbances

Question 28

What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?

Answer 28

SCM Trapezius Clavicle

Question 29

What muscles are in the posterior triangle?

Answer 29

SCM Splenius capitis Lavator scapulae Anterior scalene Middle scalene Trapezius

Question 30

What arteries are in posterior triangle?

Answer 30

Subclavian artery

Question 31

what veins are in the posterior triangle?

Answer 31

EJV

Question 32

What nerves are in the posterior triangle?

Answer 32

Accessory nerve (CNXI) Branches of the cervical plexus Upper brachial plexus

Question 33

What nerve is vulnerable to injury?

Answer 33

Accessory nerve, superficial so vulnerable to injury

Question 34

What do the superficial vessels drain from and to?

Answer 34

Drain from the scalp, face and neck into the superficial ring of lymph nodes at the junction of the head and neck

Question 35

Where so the deep lymphatic vessel arise from?

Answer 35

Deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 36

What do the deep lymphatic vessels converge to form?

Answer 36

Left and right jugular lymphatic trunks

Question 37

What is the route of the left jugular lymphatic trunk?

Answer 37

Combine with thoracic duct at the root of the neck. This empties into the venous system via the left subclavian vein

Question 38

What is the route of the right jugular lymphatic trunk?

Answer 38

Forms the right lymphatic duct at the root of the neck. This empties into the venous system via the right subclavian vein

Question 39

What does the superficial lymph nodes receive lymph from?

Answer 39

Scalp, face and neck

Question 40

What do the superficial lymph nodes drain into?

Answer 40

Deep nodes

Question 41

What are the groups of the superficial lymph nodes?

Answer 41

Occipital Pre and post auricular Parotid Submental Submandibular

Question 42

Where does the deep lymph nodes receive lymph from?

Answer 42

From the head and neck via the superficial lymph nodes

Question 43

what are the deep lymph nodes in close proximity to?

Answer 43

Internal jugular vein within the carotid sheath

Question 44

What are the groups of the deep lymph node?

Answer 44

Prelaryngeal Jugulodigastric Supraclavicular nodes- virchows node

Question 45

What is important about virchows node?

Answer 45

Receives drainage from abdomen- if enlarged = abdominal malignancy

Question 46

Where is the thyroid gland?

Answer 46

In the midline of the anterior neck. Extends from C5 to T1.

Question 47

What is the thyroid gland made up of?

Answer 47

Two lobes and an isthmus that joins the lobes Pyramidal lobe may be found at times

Question 48

Where is the parathyroid gland located?

Answer 48

The posterior aspect of the thyroid

Question 49

How many parathyroid glands are there?

Answer 49

4, 2superior and 2 inferior

Question 50

What is the arterial supply of the thyroid gland?

Answer 50

Superior thyroid artery Inferior thyroid artery Thyroid ima

Question 51

What is the venous drainage of the thyroid gland?

Answer 51

Superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins

Question 52

What is the arterial supply of the parathyroid glands?

Answer 52

Inferior thyroid artery

Question 53

What is the venous drainage of the parathyroid gland?

Answer 53

Superior, middle and inferior thyroid vein