Outer And Middle Ear Disorders

Question 1

How does auricular haematoma occur?

Answer 1

Due to damage of the auricle

Question 2

What is the management of auricular haematoma?

Answer 2

Incision and drainage
Pressure dressing- prevents re accumulation
Antibiotics- prevent infection of cartilage pinna

Question 3

What are complication of auricular haemotoma?

Answer 3

Cauliflower ear- necrosis of cartilage of auricle

Question 4

What is the management of foreign body in ear?

Answer 4

Removal (if very small it will come out with wax)
Urgency of removal depends on type of foreign body

Question 5

How soon should you remove a button battery?

Answer 5

Within hours?

Question 6

How soon should you take out an organic foreign body?

Answer 6

Within days

Question 7

How soon should you take out an inorganic foreign body?

Answer 7

Within weeks

Question 8

What is otitis externa?

Answer 8

Inflammation of external auditory meatus

Question 9

How does otitis externa present?

Answer 9

§ Pain
§ Discharge
§ Itching
§ Hearing loss

Question 10

What is the management of otitis externa?

Answer 10

§ Antibiotics/ steroid ear drops
§ +/- suction under microscope

Question 11

What is prevention of otitis externa?

Answer 11

Don’t use water or cotton buds

Question 12

What is malignant otitis externa?

Answer 12

Can spread
Osteomyelitis of temporal bone

Question 13

How does malignant otitis externa present

Answer 13

Severe pain in elderly diabetic
Granulations in external auditory meatus
+/- cranial nerve palsies

Question 14

Malignant Otitis externa management?

Answer 14

Antibiotics for weeks or months

Question 15

What is otitis media with effusion?

Answer 15

Sterile fluid in middle ear

Question 16

How does otitis media with effusion present?

Answer 16

Hearing loss
Speech delay

Question 17

How is otitis media with effusion managed?

Answer 17

Observation for 3 months
Otovent- a look up the nose
Gromnet- plastic tube that sits in the eardrum

Question 18

Wha is acute supportive otitis media?

Answer 18

Pus in middle ear

Question 19

How does acute supportive otitis media present?

Answer 19

Otalgia +/- otorrhoea

Question 20

How is otitis media managed?

Answer 20

Observation +/- antib

Question 21

What is tympanisclerosis?

Answer 21

Calcification in tympanic membrane +/- middle ear

Question 22

How does tympanosclerosis present?

Answer 22

Usually asymptomatic
Can have white patches in tympanic membrane

Question 23

What is the management of tympanosclerosis?

Answer 23

None

Question 24

What are the complications of chronic supportive otitis media?

Answer 24

Dead ear
Facial palsy
Meningitis
Brain abscess

Question 25

What causes perforation of tympanic membrane?

Answer 25

Infection Trauma Grommet

Question 26

What is the presentation of perforation of tympanic membrane?

Answer 26

Recurrent infection Hearing loss

Question 27

What is the management of perforation of tympanic membrane?

Answer 27

Water precautions +/- myringoplasty

Question 28

What is cholesteatoma caused by?

Answer 28

Eustachian tube dysfunction Impaired skin migration

Question 29

How does Cholesteatoma present?

Answer 29

Persistent offensive otorrohoea

Question 30

What is the management for Cholesteatoma?

Answer 30

Mastoidectomy

Question 31

What is the presentation of otosclerosis?

Answer 31

Conductive hearing loss Normal tympanic membrane

Question 32

What is the pathology of otosclerosis?

Answer 32

Fixation of stapes by extra bone

Question 33

What is the management of otosclerosis?

Answer 33

Hearing aid Stapedectomy

Question 34

What is the clinical features of facial nerve palsy?

Answer 34

Lower motor neuron facial palsy

Question 35

What are the differential diagnosis to FNP?

Answer 35

Intratemporal eg cholesteatoma Extratemporal eg parotid tumour Idiopathic = Bell’s palsy

Question 36

What is the management of FNP?

Answer 36

Treat underlying cause Steroids Eye care