Anatomy of the Lateral Pelvic Wall and a Pelvic Mass

Question 1

what does the obturator internus touch?

Answer 1

obturator membrane

superior pubic ramus

Question 2

where is the obturator foramen located?

Answer 2

opening between the ischium and pubic bones

Question 3

what is deep to the levator ani?

Answer 3

ischioanal fossa

Question 4

what muscle covers the sacrospinous ligament?

Answer 4

coccygeus

Question 5

what muscle splits the greater sciatic foramen in 2 parts?

Answer 5

piriformis

Question 6

majority of pelvic and perineal arteries arise from what artery?

Answer 6

internal iliac artery

Question 7

what arteries do NOT arise from the internal iliac artery?

Answer 7

gonadal artery

superior rectal artery

Question 8

superior rectal artery arises from what artery?

Answer 8

it’s a continuation of the inferior mesenteric

Question 9

the gonadal artery arises from what level of the abdo aorta?

Answer 9

L2

Question 10

what covers the obturator foramen?

Answer 10

obturator membrane

Question 11

middle and inferior rectal veins drain more into the portal/caval system

Answer 11

caval

Question 12

superior rectal veins drain more into the portal/caval system

Answer 12

portal

Question 13

what arteries make up the posterior division of the pelvic arterial supply?

Answer 13

PILS
posterior
iliolumbar
lateral sacral
superior gluteal

Question 14

the gluteal arteries are split by what muscle?

Answer 14

piriformis

Question 15

what artery makes up the “circle of death” in hernia repairs?

Answer 15

a pubic branch of the inferior epigastric artery that anastamoses with the obturator artery

Question 16

name the structures that make up the lateral, medial and median umbilical folds

Answer 16

lateral - inf epigastric vessels
medial - remnant of umbilical artery
median - urachus

Question 17

the perineal artery of the male forms what artery?

Answer 17

continues to become the posterior scrotal artery

Question 18

the internal pudental artery gives off what branches in men?

Answer 18

perineal artery
dorsal artery of penis
deep artery

Question 19

anterior scrotal artery is a branch of…

Answer 19

external pudental artery (branch of femoral)

Question 20

what artery of the male pelvis (NOT perineum) is not present in the female

Answer 20

inferior vesical artery (replaced by cervical artery)

Question 21

what arteries of the female pelvis (NOT perineum) are not present in the male

Answer 21

vaginal

uterine

Question 22

the vaginal artery is a branch of…

Answer 22

uterine artery

Question 23

name the arterial anastamoses present in the female pelvis?

Answer 23

uterine artery and ovarian artery

uterine artery and vaginal artery

Question 24

name the 2 branches of the ovarian artery

Answer 24

tubal

ovarian

Question 25

the uterine artery runs adjacent/parallel to the ureter

Answer 25

adjacent NB water under the bridge

Question 26

the vaginal artery runs adjacent/parallel to the ureter

Answer 26

parallel

Question 27

main artery to the clitoris

Answer 27

dorsal artery of the clitoris

Question 28

what artery supplies the branches to the female perineum? what are these branches?

Answer 28

internal pudental artery; inferior rectal perineal -> labial dorsal artery of clitoris

Question 29

main venous drainage of the pelvis?

Answer 29

internal iliac vein from various venous plexuses

Question 30

sciatic nerve exits below what muscle?

Answer 30

piriformis

Question 31

what pelvic lymph node groups form a T shape? what way do they lie

Answer 31

superfical inguinal - horizontal | deep inguinal - vertical

Question 32

primary lymphatic drainage of the superior pelvic viscera (above pelvic pain line)

Answer 32

external iliac nodes

Question 33

primary lymphatic drainage of the inferior pelvic viscera (below pelvic pain line)

Answer 33

internal iliac nodes

Question 34

primary lymphatic drainage of the superficial perineum

Answer 34

superficial inguinal nodes

Question 35

describe the route from the inguinal nodes up the lymphatic system

Answer 35

to common iliac -> aortic -> thoracic duct -> venous system