Neuroanatomy 1

Question 1

name the 3 embryological regions of the brain from anterior to posterior

Answer 1

prosencephalon
mesencephalon
rhomencephalon

Question 2

name the regions of the brainstem from proximal to distal

Answer 2

midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

Question 3

what regions of the brain derive from the metencephalon

Answer 3

pons

cerebellum

Question 4

what region(s) of the brain are derived from the mesencephalon?

Answer 4

midbrain

Question 5

what region(s) of the brain are derived from the myelencephalon?

Answer 5

medulla

Question 6

what region(s) of the brain are derived from the diencephalon?

Answer 6

thalamus

hypothalamus

Question 7

how many axons does a typical neuron have?

Answer 7

1

Question 8

the soma contains the ___ of the neuron

Answer 8

nucleus

Question 9

which part of the brain contains the most neurons?

Answer 9

cerebellum

Question 10

the CNS lacks what type of tissue?

Answer 10

connective tissue

Question 11

what kind of cells are astrocytes and what do they do?

Answer 11

glial cells (glue cells)
support, maintaining BBB and homeostasis

Question 12

what kind of cells are oligodendrocytes and what do they do?

Answer 12

glial cells

produce myelin IN THE CNS ONLY

Question 13

what kind of cells are microglia and what do they do?

Answer 13

glial cells

immune monitoring and antigen presentation (the brain’s resident immune cells)

Question 14

what lines the brain’s ventricles?

Answer 14

ciliated cuboidal/columnar epithelium called ependymal cells

Question 15

what is the first embryological brain structure?

Answer 15

neural tube

Question 16

the outer section of the brain is made up of __ matter

Answer 16

grey

Question 17

inwards projections of the brain are called ___

Answer 17

sulci (s: sulcus)

Question 18

the outward projections of the brain are called __

Answer 18

gyri (s: gyrus)

Question 19

what is the difference between a fissure and a sulcus?

Answer 19

a fissure protrudes deeper than a sulcus

Question 20

what exists in the white matter

Answer 20

axons

support cells eg white cells

Question 21

what exists in the grey matter

Answer 21

glial cells
neurons
cell bodies

Question 22

there are grey matter structures deep in the brain T or F

Answer 22

T!

Question 23

how is grey and white matter arranged in the spinal cord

Answer 23

grey = an "H" shape in the middle
white = surrounding it

Question 24

a horn of the spinal cord means it will be __ matter

Answer 24

grey

Question 25

the ventral horn is located in the posterior column of the spinal cord T or F

Answer 25

F, ventral means anterior here

Question 26

posterior column of the spinal cord is also called the ___ column

Answer 26

dorsal

Question 27

the central sulcus has the __ gyrus in front of it and the __ gyrus behind it

Answer 27

precentral | postcentral

Question 28

postcentral gyrus is the ____ centre of the brain

Answer 28

somatosensory

Question 29

precentral gyrus is the ___ centre of the brain

Answer 29

somatomotor

Question 30

what is the corpus collosum made of and what does it do

Answer 30

made up of white matter; allows the left side of the brain to connect with the right PLUS; the spinal cord to connect with the brain

Question 31

what 2 structures make up the lentiform nucleus?

Answer 31

putamen | globus pallidus

Question 32

"2 potatoes sitting at the top of the brainstem" describes---

Answer 32

the thalamus

Question 33

central sulcus forms the boundary between what 2 lobes?

Answer 33

parietal and frontal lobes

Question 34

what separates the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe?

Answer 34

parietooccipital sulcus

Question 35

the lateral sulcus separates....

Answer 35

parietal and temporal lobes

Question 36

name the 5th lobe and where it is located

Answer 36

insular lobe | deep in the brain between the frontal and parietal lobe

Question 37

function of the insular lobe

Answer 37

pain | sensory functions

Question 38

name the meninges of the brain from superficial to deep

Answer 38

dura mater arachnoid mater subarachnoid space pia mater (very thin)

Question 39

the 3rd ventricle is surrounded by the ___ on either side

Answer 39

thalamus

Question 40

what connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles?

Answer 40

cerebral aqueduct

Question 41

CSF is made...

Answer 41

in ALL ventricles

Question 42

where is most CSF absorbed?

Answer 42

dural venous sinus in the subarachnoid space

Question 43

posterior cerebral arteries supply what parts of the brain

Answer 43

occipital lobe

Question 44

internal carotid arteries give rise to what arteries of the brain?

Answer 44

middle and anterior cerebral arteries

Question 45

the dural venous sinuses go through the __ foramen and drain into ....

Answer 45

jugular foramen | internal jugular vein