Neuroanatomy Revision Night: Brain

Question 1

sylvian fissure is another word for…

Answer 1

the lateral fissure/sulcus

Question 2

what artery is contained within the pontine cistern?

Answer 2

basilar

Question 3

what layer is the pontine cistern located in?

Answer 3

subarachnoid space

Question 4

where is the suprasellar cistern located?

Answer 4

above sella turcica

Question 5

what is the name of the layer of dura that separates the cerebral hemispheres medially and covers their superior surfaces?

Answer 5

falx cerebri

Question 6

the sagittal sinus runs along with which layer of dura?

Answer 6

falx cerebri

Question 7

what bones is the calvarium made of?

Answer 7

frontal
parietal
occipital

Question 8

what bones make up the cranial base?

Answer 8

frontal
parietal
occipital
ethmoid
sphenoid
temporal

Question 9

what do fontanelles do?

Answer 9

allow bones to move over each other

Question 10

the cranial base has _ fossae

Answer 10

3

Question 11

what cranial nerves are in the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 11

1

Question 12

what cranial nerves are in the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 12

2-6

Question 13

what cranial nerves run in the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 13

7-12

Question 14

meninges get their blood supply from what arteries

Answer 14

meningeal

Question 15

what meningeal layer is avascular

Answer 15

arachnoid mater

Question 16

name the horns of the lateral ventricle

Answer 16

anterior

inferior

Question 17

name the septum between the anterior horns of each lateral ventricle

Answer 17

septum pellucidum

Question 18

each ventricle is lined by ___ which secretes CSF

Answer 18

choroid

Question 19

name a deep cerebral vein?

Answer 19

great vein of galen

Question 20

where do all of the venous sinuses meet?

Answer 20

confluens of sinuses

Question 21

name the path of venous sinuses from the confluens to the jugular vein

Answer 21

confluens of sinuses
transverse sinus
sigmoid sinus
internal jugular vein

Question 22

what cranial nerves run through the cavernous sinus

Answer 22

3
4
V1
V2
6

Question 23

the ____ carotid artery has a role in the blood supply to the brain

Answer 23

internal

Question 24

basilar gives off the ___ cerebral artery

Answer 24

posterior

Question 25

what branch comes off the posterior cerebral artery?

Answer 25

the posterior communicating artery

Question 26

ACA supplies what parts of the brain....

Answer 26

most anterior part of the frontal love | medial parts of the frontal and parietal lobes

Question 27

ACA has a role in supplying the sensory/motor function of what parts of the body?

Answer 27

lower limb

Question 28

why do you get lower limb paralysis and sensory loss in an ACA stroke?

Answer 28

the stroke has affected the sensory homunculus medially in the region of the ACA which is the area where the legs are

Question 29

most common artery for SAH

Answer 29

anterior communicating artery

Question 30

Tx of SAH

Answer 30

coil via femoral artery

Question 31

most common cause of subdural haemorrhage?

Answer 31

bridging veins of dural venous sinuses to cortex

Question 32

who is most at risk of SDH

Answer 32

elderly alcoholics epileptics

Question 33

appearance of SDH on imaging

Answer 33

crescent/sickle cell shaped | dark in colour

Question 34

most common haemorrhage from sports injuries?

Answer 34

epidural haemorrhage

Question 35

posterior border of frontal lobe

Answer 35

central sulcus

Question 36

inferior border of the frontal love

Answer 36

lateral sulcus

Question 37

what are the frontal lobe's special areas (2)?

Answer 37

precentral gyrus | brocas area

Question 38

can a left or right sided stroke cause speech deficits

Answer 38

left sided

Question 39

boundaries of the parietal lobe?

Answer 39

central sulcus | parietooccipital fissure

Question 40

what part of the parietal lobe associates sensory info?

Answer 40

parietal association cortex

Question 41

parietal lobe epilepsy causes what kind of seizures?

Answer 41

sensory

Question 42

how to remember visual field deficits in parietal and temporal lobes

Answer 42

PIST parietal inferior superior = temporal

Question 43

what kind of hallucinations are present in sensory epilepsy

Answer 43

olfactory hallucinations

Question 44

encephalitis primarily affects what lobe?

Answer 44

temporal

Question 45

insular lobe is deep to the...

Answer 45

temporal lobe

Question 46

symptoms of occipital lobe damage

Answer 46

visual hallucinations | homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

Question 47

caudate and putamen make up...

Answer 47

striatum

Question 48

what makes up the corpus striatum?

Answer 48

caudate nucleus putamen globus pallidus

Question 49

what is located between the substantia nigra and the thalamus?

Answer 49

subthalamic nucleus

Question 50

describe the direct pathway

Answer 50

excitation of striatum inhibits GPi which inhibits thalamus which then excites the cortex which excites the striatum

Question 51

main focus of the direct pathway

Answer 51

initiates movements

Question 52

what structures are inhibited in the indirect pathway

Answer 52

GPe subthalamic nucleus thalamus

Question 53

dopaminergic neurons ___ the indirect pathway

Answer 53

inhibit (they want to enhance movement)

Question 54

main effect of the indirect pathway?

Answer 54

to decrease involuntary movement

Question 55

what pathway is mostly affected in huntingtons

Answer 55

indirect

Question 56

what structures of the indirect pathway are affected in huntingtons? what happens?

Answer 56

less excitation of the GPi and more inhibition of the thalamus

Question 57

what does the vermis do?

Answer 57

connects the 2 cerebellar hemispheres in the midline

Question 58

the superior, middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles connect the cerebellum to what structures?

Answer 58

midbrain (sup) pons medulla

Question 59

how many types of white matter nuclei are present in the cerebellum?

Answer 59

4

Question 60

what side of the body is affected if the right cerebellum is injured

Answer 60

same side as the lesion so right