Anatomy of the Pharynx

Question 1

Where is the oral vestibule located?

Answer 1

between the lips and teeth

Question 2

What is the sublingual caruncle?

Answer 2

opening for submandibular gland

Question 3

What is the sublingual caruncle a part of?

Answer 3

frenulum

Question 4

What are the 2 muscles of the of the floor of the mouth?

Answer 4

geniohyoid; mylohyoid

Question 5

What nerve supplies geniohyoid?

Answer 5

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

Question 6

what nerve supplies mylohyoid?

Answer 6

V3

Question 7

Where does the parotid gland enter the mouth?

Answer 7

by upper 2nd molar

Question 8

How does the submandibular gland enter the mouth?

Answer 8

via lingual caruncle

Question 9

how does the aublingual gland enter the mouth?

Answer 9

lays in floor of mouth and secreste vis severeal ducts

Question 10

What nerve suppleois the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands?

Answer 10

CN VII

Question 11

What does chorda tympni join to on its way to supply the salivary glands?

Answer 11

lingual nerve branch of V3

Question 12

What is the secretomotor nerve supply to the parotid?

Answer 12

CN IX

Question 13

How does CN IX get to the parotid gland?

Answer 13

synapses at the otic ganglion and travels on the auriculotemporal branch of V3

Question 14

What nerve supplies general sensory to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

Answer 14

V3

Question 15

what nerve supplies special spensory to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

Answer 15

VII

Question 16

What nerve supplies the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?

Answer 16

IX

Question 17

What papillae do not take part in taste?

Answer 17

filiform papillae

Question 18

hwat do the filiform papillae detect?

Answer 18

touch, temperature

Question 19

What are the papillae with taste buds?

Answer 19

foliate; vallate; fungiform

Question 20

What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 20

change the position of the tongue

Question 21

What is the function fo the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 21

modify the shape of the tongue

Question 22

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 22

palatoglossus; styloglossus; genioglossus; hyoglossus

Question 23

How does the he nerve descend in the neck?

Answer 23

lateral to the carotid sheath

Question 24

At what level does hyoglossal nerve pass anteriorly towards the tongue?

Answer 24

hyoid bone

Question 25

What would happen when the patient sticks their tongue out if there is unilateral CN XII damage?

Answer 25

the tongue tip will point towards the side of the injured nerve

Question 26

How does the hypoglossal nerve get to the muscles of the tongue?

Answer 26

passes lateral to the loop of the lingual artery and lateral to hyoglossus

Question 27

How do all nerves pass hyoglossus?

Answer 27

lateral

Question 28

How do all arteries pass to hyoglossus?

Answer 28

medial

Question 29

What type of epithelium lines the soft palate?

Answer 29

non-keratinised stratified squamous

Question 30

WWhat type of epithelium lines the hard palate?

Answer 30

keratinised stratified squmous

Question 31

What bones form the hard palate?

Answer 31

palatine processes of maxillae; palatine bones; lateral nad medial pteryhoid plates of sphenoid

Question 32

What do the greater and lesser palatine foramina carry?

Answer 32

branches of CN V2 and branches of maxilalry artery

Question 33

What is the purpose of the palatal rugae?

Answer 33

to assist with breaking down food

Question 34

What foramen is foun at the front of the hard paalte?

Answer 34

incisive foramen

Question 35

What are the muscles of the soft palate?

Answer 35

tensor veli palatini; levator veli palatini; musculus uvulae; palatoglossus; palatopharyngeus

Question 36

What muscles does CN X of the soft palate?

Answer 36

levator veli palatini; musculus uvulae; palatopharyngeus; palatoglossus

Question 37

What is the function of tensor veli palatini?

Answer 37

tenses the palatine aponeurosis

Question 38

What nerve supplies tensor veli palatini?

Answer 38

V3

Question 39

what is the function of palatopharyngeus?

Answer 39

lifts pharynx and thyroid cartilage

Question 40

What is the function of palatoglossus?

Answer 40

brings tongue and soft palate together

Question 41

What is the function of musculus uvulae?

Answer 41

shortens uvula

Question 42

What is the function of levator veli palatini?

Answer 42

lifts palatine aponeurosis

Question 43

What happens if there is unilateral nerve pathology when the patient opens mouth and says Ahhhh?

Answer 43

uvula will be pulled away from the non-functioning sideby the normal side

Question 44

What is the outer circular layer of the pharynx made of?

Answer 44

superior, middle and inferior constrictors

Question 45

What is the function of the inner longitudinal layer?

Answer 45

pulls larynx superiorly shortening pharynx during swallowing

Question 46

What nerve innervates the muscles of the phayrnx?

Answer 46

vagus

Question 47

What muscle is not supplied by the vagus?

Answer 47

stylopharyngeus

Question 48

What does the superiro constrictor attach to?

Answer 48

pterygoid hamulus; pterygomandibular raphe; mylohyoid line of mandible

Question 49

What does the middle constrictor attach to?

Answer 49

greater horn of hyoid

Question 50

What does the inferior constrictor attach to?

Answer 50

thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage

Question 51

Where is the gateway to the mouth located?

Answer 51

between the superior and middle constrictor muscles

Question 52

What passes through the gateway to the mouth?

Answer 52

CNIX; lingual artery and stylopharyngeus

Question 53

What do all the constrictor mscles insert onto?

Answer 53

midline raphe

Question 54

What does the midline raphe attach to superiorly?

Answer 54

pharyngeal tubercel of occipital bone

Question 55

What does the midline raphe form superiorly?

Answer 55

pharyngo-basilar fascia

Question 56

What nerve suppleis the circular muscles?

Answer 56

CN X via pharyngeal plexus

Question 57

What nerve supplies stylopharyngeus?

Answer 57

CN IX

Question 58

What does stylopharyngeus attach to?

Answer 58

styloid process

Question 59

What are the 3 longitudinal muscles ?

Answer 59

stylopharyngeus; palatopharyngeus; salpingopharyngeus

Question 60

What do the 3 longituidinal muscles all insert onto?

Answer 60

posterior border of thyroid cartilage

Question 61

What is found either side of the laryngeal aditus?

Answer 61

piriform fossae

Question 62

What is is the torus tubarius?

Answer 62

a fold of mucus superior to the opeining od the eustachian tube

Question 63

What is the salpingopharyngeal fold

Answer 63

stretches from the lower part of torus tubarius- contains the salpingopharyngeal muscle

Question 64

What makes up Waldeyer's Ring?

Answer 64

pharyngeal (adenoid) tonsil; tubal tonsil; palatine tonsil; lingual tonsil

Question 65

What are the regional nodes for the tip of the tongue?

Answer 65

submental nodes

Question 66

What does the jugulo-digastric node drain?

Answer 66

palatine tonsil

Question 67

Where does all the lymph eventuall drain?

Answer 67

deep cervical nodes within the carotid sheath