a gamete is a _loid cell
hap
male gamete
spermatozoa
female gamete
oocyte/ovum
gametes are produced by
gonads
male gonad
testes
female gonad
ovaries
a _ cell is produced during fertilisation
diploid cell - zygote
pelvic floor
internal wall of skeletal muscle
the pelvic floor separates
pelvic cavity and perineum
where is the perineum
between proximal parts of lower limbs
what are the 3 openings in the pelvic floor
distal alimentary, reproductive and renal tracts
what if the pelvic roof formed by
parietal peritoneum
parietal peritoneum
lining of abdominal cavity
rectouterine pouch (of Douglas)
most inferior part of the peritoneal cavity in an upright female
female accessory reproductive organs
uterine tubes, uterus, vagina
3 layers of the uterus wall
perimetrium (outer), myometrium (middle), endometrium (internal)
describe normal menstruation
- ova develops in ovaries
- each menstrual cycle, 1 ovum released into peritoneal cavity
- ovum gathered by fimbriae into infundibulum
- moved along the uterine tube by cilia
- unfertilised ovum expelled by myometrium contractions
fertilisation occurs in the
ampulla
implantation occurs in the
body of the uterus
ectopic pregnancy
fertilised ovum implants outwith the uterine cavity
why is an ectopic pregnancy dangerous
danger of haemorrhage
where can ectopic pregnancies occur
uterine tube, abdominal cavity
what happens during female fertilisation
tubal ligation - tubes clipped, cut or cauterised blocking the lumen
during development where do the testes originate
posterior wall of the abdominal cavity
how do the testes move from point of origin to place by birth
from posterior abdominal cavity wall, and into the scrotum via the anterior abdominal wall (inguinal canal)
vas deferens
tube sperm pass through
what is the path of vas deferens during development
follow the testes into the scrotum
the vas deferens connects the _ to almost the _
testes to urethra
spermatic cord contains
vas deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform plexus of veins
torsion of testes
twisting of spermatic cord
why is torsion of testes dangerous
disrupts blood supply, danger of testicular necrosis
function of prosthetic urethra
- drains urine from bladder
- passes semen in ejaculation
during erection what fills with blood and at what pressure
3 cylinders of erectile tissue fill with blood at arterial pressure
male accessory reproductive organs
vas deferens, seminal glands, prostate gland and penis
function of testes
produce sperm
semen is
sperm and seminal fluid
describe the path of the spermatic cords
pass through the abdominal cavity wall within the inguinal canal to reach the pelvic cavity
describe the route of the vas deferens in the pelvic cavity
connects with a duct from a seminal gland to form an ejaculatory duct containing semen
describe the routes of the ejaculatory ducts
R and L ejaculatory ducts join with the prostate gland and drain into the urethra
where is the prostate gland in relation to the bladder
immediately inferior
where does the urethra open
at the external urethral meatus
vasectomy
male sterilisation
describe male sterilisation
vans deferens in transected and lumen is sutured closed bilaterally
