Genetics: Guide to the Human Genome Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Genetics: Guide to the Human Genome Deck (10)
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1
Q

how is DNA packaged when it’s not being transcribed

A

wound into chromosomes and associated with proteins including histones

2
Q

3 types of DNA damage

A
  • chemical crosslinking
  • strand breakage
  • mismatched base
3
Q

what do defects in DNA repair mechanisms cause

A

disease

4
Q

when does DNA replication occur

A

S phase

5
Q

what happens during meiosis

A

one diploid cell becomes 4 haploid daughter cell

6
Q

how does variation occur in meiosis

A
  • independent assortment

- crossing over of genes at chiasma

7
Q

describe the process of DNA replication generally

A

DNA transcribed -> pre-mRNA -> spliced -> mRNA translated -> protein

8
Q

what are SNPs

A
  • single nucleotide polymorphisms

- changes in DNA sequence

9
Q

polymorphisms

A

genetic variations that dont cause disease but may predispose to one

10
Q

mutations

A

a heritable change in a gene that causes disease

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