Anatomy terminology

Question 1

describe what is meant by anatomical position and anatomical planes and terms of movement

Answer 1

in an anatomical position the person is standing upright facing forward. Arms straight held by the hip and palms facing forward. feet parallel and toes pointing forward.

three main types of planes are ;
sagittal
coronal
transverse

Question 2

describe sagittal plane

Answer 2

vertical line which divides the body into equal left and right section

Question 3

describe coronal plane

Answer 3

vertical line which divides the body into an anterior section (front) & a posterior section (back)

Question 4

describe transverse plane

Answer 4

horizontal line which divides the body into a superior section and inferior section

Question 5

what angle are the 3 main planes within each other ?

Answer 5

90 degree angle

Question 6

what do the terms anterior and posterior mean?

Answer 6

anterior - front
posterior -back
e.g the elbow is located on the posterior side of the arm

Question 7

what do the terms superior and inferior mean??

Answer 7

superior - higher
inferior - lower

Question 8

when are the terms distal and proximal used ?

Answer 8

structures that have a beginning and an end

Question 9

what do the terms proximal and distal mean?

Answer 9

proximal - closer to the origin (attachment)
distal- further away from origin

e.g the wrist is proximal to the hand

Question 10

describe the 4 terms of movement ;
flexion and extension

abduction and adduction

Answer 10

flexion = bending
extension = lengthening

abduction = movement away from the midline

adduction = movement towards the midline

Question 11

what is the name for the combination of flexion extension adduction and abduction anatomical movement

Answer 11

circumduction

Question 12

describe elevation and depression anatomical movement

Answer 12

elevation ; movement in a superior direction

depression ; movement in an inferior direction

Question 13

describe the terms protraction and retraction

Answer 13

protraction : forward movement of the shoulder (reaching out )

retraction : backwards movement of the shoulder (e.g picking something up)

Question 14

what is opposition and reposition

Answer 14

opposition ;
movement of the thumb and pink towards each other

reposition ; back to anatomical position

Question 15

what is another name for anterior and posterior

Answer 15

anterior - ventral

posterior - dorsal

Question 17

name the two main cavities of the body

Answer 17

dorsal cavity and ventral

Question 18

what is the ventral cavity divided into?

Answer 18

thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity

Question 19

What structure separates the thorax from the abdomen

Answer 19

diaphragm

Question 20

what can the thoracic cavity be divided into

Answer 20

left and right pleural cavity (contains the lungs)

and pericardial cavity (contains the heart)