Anatomy test 3

Question 1

the central nervous system consists of the

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

Question 2

“fight or flight” situations are dominated by the

Answer 2

sympathetic NS

Question 3

the supporting and the connecting cell of the nervous systems are

Answer 3

neuroglial cells

Question 4

the small space between the neurons is called the

Answer 4

synaptic cleft

Question 5

the protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord are

Answer 5

meninges

Question 6

the substances released as axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called the

Answer 6

neurotransmitter

Question 7

the autonomic NS is divided into the

Answer 7

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 8

synaptic vesicles store

Answer 8

neurotransmitters

Question 9

the numbers of pairs of spinal nerves are

Answer 9

31

Question 10

neurons that have one main dendrite and one axon are called

Answer 10

bipolar

Question 11

gaps in the myelin sheath in the PNS are called

Answer 11

nodes of Ranvier

Question 12

the function of Schwann cells is to

Answer 12

produce myelin

Question 13

the branch of a neuron that carries a nerve impulse away from the cell body is the

Answer 13

axon

Question 14

ion channels open and close due to the presence of

Answer 14

gates

Question 15

afferent fibers conduct nerve impulses from

Answer 15

peripheral receptors

Question 16

the spinal cord is continuous with the

Answer 16

brain

Question 17

autonomic visceral reflexes involve

Answer 17

heart rate, BP

Question 18

fine control of body coordination and balance is a function of the

Answer 18

cerebellum

Question 19

the brainstem is made up of the

Answer 19

1. midbrain
2. pons
3. medulla oblongata

Question 20

cerebrospinal fluid NEVER has

Answer 20

blood/red blood cells

Question 21

damage to the cerebellum would result in

Answer 21

loss of motor skills

weak muscles, slurred speech

Question 22

the reticular activating system functions to

Answer 22

control wakefulness

when you sleep and wake up when you hear the baby cry or a burglar

Question 23

the hypothalamus controls

Answer 23

1. heart rate
2. BP
3. temperature
4. weight
5. hunger
6. reproduction
7. sleep
8. growth

Question 24

the cerebral hemispheres are connected internally by the

Answer 24

corpus collosum

Question 25

damage to the cribriform plate of the ethmoidbone owuld most likely result in the loss of

Answer 25

smell

Question 26

midbrain

Answer 26

1. auditory | 2. visual reflexes

Question 27

limbic system

Answer 27

emotions & expression

Question 28

hypothalamus

Answer 28

maintains homeostasis of the body

Question 29

thalamus

Answer 29

directs sensory info

Question 30

diecephalon

Answer 30

1. thalamus 2. hypothalamus 3. pituitary glands

Question 31

conscious awareness of external or internal stimuli defines the

Answer 31

sensory NS

Question 32

white matter of the NS is composed of

Answer 32

mylinated neurons

Question 33

type A neuron

Answer 33

1. the motor neuron 2. mylin covering 3. very fats

Question 34

a ganglion contains

Answer 34

cell bodies

Question 35

the thalamus, hypothalamus, and the pituitary glad are located in the

Answer 35

diencephalon

Question 36

endorphins and enkephalins are neuropeptides that

Answer 36

reduce pain

Question 37

a typical pain neurotransmitter is

Answer 37

fast/rapid substance P

Question 38

the cuada equina is

Answer 38

bundle of spinal nerves

Question 39

cerebrospinal fluid normally circulates in the

Answer 39

central canal

Question 40

in the adult, the spinal cord extends from the medulla to the

Answer 40

2nd lumbar vertebrae

Question 41

an afferent neuron is a

Answer 41

sensory neuron usually unipolar

Question 42

the diameter of a spinal cord is slightly larger in the

Answer 42

cervical and lumbar enlargement

Question 43

the innermost layer of the meninges

Answer 43

pia mater

Question 44

the contralateral reflex that helps you to keep your balance when the flexor reflex is initiated is the

Answer 44

withdrawal reflex *day of test

Question 45

a spinal nerve is covered from the inside out with

Answer 45

1. myelin 2. endoneurium 3. perineurium 3. epineurium

Question 46

the function of the choroid plexus

Answer 46

produces cerebrospinal fluid

Question 47

the function of the arachnoid villi is to

Answer 47

absorb cerebrospinal fluid

Question 48

between the foramen magnum and the pons is the

Answer 48

medulla oblongata

Question 49

during the depolarization phase of an action potential, what is the primary activity

Answer 49

sodium rushes in

Question 50

during the depolarization phase of the action potential, what situations exist

Answer 50

the cell becomes more positive

Question 51

during the REpolarization phase of the action potential, which situations exist

Answer 51

1. potassium rushes out | 2. cell becomes more negative

Question 52

the safety center is located in the

Answer 52

hypothalamus

Question 53

spinal nerves are considered mixed, meaning

Answer 53

they contain both sensory and motor neurons

Question 54

1 Olfactory

Answer 54

sensory S: impulses associated with smell

Question 55

2 Optic

Answer 55

sensory S: impulses associated with vision

Question 56

3 Oculomotor

Answer 56

primarily motor M: raise eyelids, move eyes, adjust amount of light in eye, focus lenses

Question 57

4 Trochlear

Answer 57

primarily motor M: impulses that move the eyes

Question 58

5 Trigeminal 1. Opthalmic division 2. Maxillary division 3. Mandibular division

Answer 58

mixed 1. S: tear glands, scalp, forehead, upper eyelids 2. S: upper teeth, upper gum, upper lip, lining of palate, skin of face 3. S: skin of jaw, lower teeth, lower gum M: chewing muscles

Question 59

6 Abducens

Answer 59

primarily motor move eyes

Question 60

7 Facial

Answer 60

mixed S: taste of tongue M: facial expression, tear glands, salivary glands

Question 61

8 Vestibulocochlear 1. Vestibular branch 2. Cochlear branch

Answer 61

sensory 1. equilibrium 2. hearing

Question 62

9 Glossopharyngeal

Answer 62

mixed S: impulses from the pharynx, tonsils, tongue, carotid arteries M: swallowing, salivary glands

Question 63

10 Vagus

Answer 63

mixed Somatic motor: speech, swallowing, impulses to heart, smooth muscles, glands in thorax & abdomen S: impulses from pharynx, larynx, esophagus, viscera of thorax and abdomen

Question 64

11 Accessory 1. Cranial branch 2. Spinal branch

Answer 64

primarily motor 1. muscles of soft palate, pharynx, larynx 2. muscles of neck and back

Question 65

12 Hypoglossal

Answer 65

primarily motor muscles that move the tongue