Anatomy Week 1

Question 1

In the gluteal region - what are the superficial muscle group?

Answer 1

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia latae

Question 2

What function do the gluteal region superficial muscles give?

Answer 2

Extensors, abductors, and medial rotators of thigh

Question 3

What nerves innervate the gluteal region superficial muscle group?

Answer 3

Superior gluteal

Inferior gluteal - gluteus maximus

Question 4

What muscles make up the gluteal region deep muscle group?

Answer 4

Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Quadratus femoris

Question 5

What function do the gluteal region deep muscle group have?

Answer 5

Lateral rotators of thigh and hip stabilisers

Question 6

What nerve innervates the deep muscle group of gluteal region?

Answer 6

Sacral plexus

Question 7

In the gluteal region - how to nerves enter and exit pelvis and perineum?

Answer 7

Via greater and lesser sciatic foramen

Question 8

What ligaments form the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 8

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

Question 9

What is the largest nerve in hte body?

Answer 9

Sciatic (L4-S3)

Question 10

What does the sciatic nerve supply?

Answer 10

Posterior thigh, all leg and foot muscles and most of the skin

Question 11

What is the principal nerve to perineum?>

Answer 11

Pudendal (S2-S4)

Question 12

What nerve supplies skin over posterior thigh, popliteal fossa, lateral perineum and upper medial thigh?

Answer 12

Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (S1-S3)

Question 13

Where does the sciatic nerve usually exit?

Answer 13

Inferior to piriformis

Question 14

Does the sciatic nerve supply anything in the gluteal region?

Answer 14

Nothing

Question 15

What does the sciatic nerve seperate into in distal thigh?

Answer 15

Tibial nerve and common fibular

Question 16

What is a fasciotomy used for?

Answer 16

To relieve compartment syndroe

Question 17

What are the three compartments of thigh?

Answer 17

Anterior, medial and posterior

Question 18

What are three compartments of leg?

Answer 18

Anterior, posterior and lateral compartments

Question 19

What nerve supplies anterior compartment of thigh?

Answer 19

Femoral nerve (L2-L4) for all apart from psoas major (L1-L3)

Question 20

What nerves supply medial compartment of thigh?

Answer 20

All obturator nerve (L2-L4) apart from hamstring part of adductor magnus which is tibial nerve

Question 21

What function does the posterior compartment of thigh have?

Answer 21

Extensors of thigh and flexors of legs

Question 22

Name the three muscles in posterior compartment of thigh?

Answer 22

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris

Question 23

What is the nerve supply to posterior compartment of thigh?

Answer 23

All tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2) apart from short head biceps femoris (common fibular division of sciatic)

Question 24

What compartment of leg gives dorsiflexors of ankle and extensors of toe?

Answer 24

Anterior

Question 25

What are the four muscles of anterior compartment of leg?

Answer 25

Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis tertius

Question 26

What nerve supplies anterior compartment of leg muscles?

Answer 26

Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

Question 27

What compartment of leg everts foot and weakly plantarflex ankle?

Answer 27

Lateral

Question 28

What two muscles are in lateral compartment of leg?

Answer 28

Fibularis longus | Fibularis brevis

Question 29

What nerve supplies lateral compartment of leg?

Answer 29

Sueprficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 30

What do the superficial group of posterior compartment of leg do?

Answer 30

Plantarflexors of ankle

Question 31

Name the three superficial group muscles in posterior compartment of leg?

Answer 31

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

Question 32

What are superficial group muscles in posterior compartment of leg innervated by?

Answer 32

Tibial nerve

Question 33

What group of muscles in posterior compartment of leg are flexors of toes and plantarflexors of ankle?

Answer 33

Deep group

Question 34

Name the four deep group muscles in posterior compartment of leg?

Answer 34

Popliteus Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior

Question 35

What nerve innervates deep group muscles in posterior compartment of leg?

Answer 35

Tibial nerve

Question 36

What are the four boundariesof popliteal fossa?

Answer 36

Superolaterally - biceps femoris Superomedially - semimembranosus Inferiorly - gastrocnemius roof - popliteal fascia

Question 37

What is the contents of popliteal fossa?

Answer 37

Fat, terminal small saphenous vein, popliteal vessels, tibial nad common fibular nerves

Question 38

Name three ligaments in the hip joint?

Answer 38

Iliofemoral Pubofemoral Ischiofemoral

Question 39

What is the ligamentum teres and what joint is it found in?

Answer 39

Ligament to head of femur - hip joint

Question 40

Name three arteries that supply the hip joint?

Answer 40

Medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries | Artery to head of femur - branch of obturator

Question 41

Name three extracapsular ligaments in knee joint?

Answer 41

Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament Medial (tibial) collateral ligament Patellar ligament

Question 42

Name two intra-articular ligaments in knee joint?

Answer 42

Anterior cruciate | Posterior cruciate

Question 43

Name two menisci ligaments found in knee joint?

Answer 43

Medial and lateral

Question 44

Name thickest and strongest tendon in body?

Answer 44

Achilles - calcaneal tendon

Question 45

What makes up achilles tendon?

Answer 45

Tendons of gastrocnemius and soleus coming together

Question 46

Where does calcaneal tendon attach distally?

Answer 46

To calcaneal tuberosity of calcaneus

Question 47

What does the ankle jerk reflex test?

Answer 47

S1, S2 nerve roots