Cortext Week 6

Question 1

What reflex is absent in spinal shock?

Answer 1

Bulbocavernous reflex - contraction of anal sphincter with either squeeze of penis glands, tapping mons pubis or pulling on urethral catheter

Question 2

With incomplete spinal injuries - what do peruanal sensation, voluntary anal contraction and big toe flexion indicate?

Answer 2

Corticospinal motor and spinothalamic tracts

Question 3

What syndrome can occur with hyperextension injury in cervical spine with osteoarthritis?

Answer 3

Central cord syndrome

Question 4

What type of pelvis fracture occurs with side impact where one half of pelvis is displaced medially, fractures through the pubic rami or ischium are accompanied by a sacral compression fracture or SI joint disrutoion?

Answer 4

Lateral compression fracture

Question 5

What pelvic fracture occurs due to axial force on one hemipelvis where the affected hemipelvis is displaced superiorly, the leg on affected side will appear shorter?

Answer 5

Vertical shear force

Question 6

What is antother term for anteroposterior compression pelvic injury?

Answer 6

Open book fracture

Question 7

What type of pelvic fractures do elderly get?

Answer 7

Minimally displaced lateral compression injuries

Question 8

What is the most common humeral neck fracture pattern?

Answer 8

Surgical neck fracture with medial displacement of humeral shaft due to pull of pectoralis major muscle

Question 9

How are patella nad quadricep tendon tears treated?

Answer 9

Surgically

Question 10

Which way of dislocatgion is more common in the shoulder?

Answer 10

Anterior

Question 11

What dislocation of shoulder occurs after excessive external rotation force or a fall onto back of shoulder?

Answer 11

aNterior

Question 12

What is another term for detatchment of anterior glenoid labrum and capsule in anterior shoulder dislocation?

Answer 12

Bankart lesion

Question 13

What is another term for the posterior humeral head impacting on the anterior glenoid producing an impaction fracture of the posterior head?

Answer 13

Hill-Sachs lesion

Question 14

Name a clinical sign of anterior shoulder dislocation?

Answer 14

Loss of rounded shoulder and loss of sensation in regimentl badge area.

Question 15

How is shoulder dislocation diagnosed>

Answer 15

X-ray

Question 16

What is mainstay of treatment for anterior dislocaiton of shoulder/

Answer 16

Closed reduction under sedation

Question 17

What dislocation of shoulder will happen on an adducted and internally rotated arm?

Answer 17

Posterior

Question 18

What is injured after a fall onto the point of a shoulder?

Answer 18

AC joint

Question 19

How are most AC fractures treated?

Answer 19

Conservatively

Question 20

What nerve is affected in wrist drop and loss of sensation in first dorsal web space?

Answer 20

Radial

Question 21

Who do supracondylar fractures usually occur in?

Answer 21

Children

Question 22

What occurs after a fall onto the point of elbow with contraction of triceps muscle?

Answer 22

Olecranon fracture

Question 23

How are monteggia fractures treated?

Answer 23

ORIF

Question 24

What is a Colles fracture?

Answer 24

Extra-articular fracture of distal radius within an inch of the articular surface and with dorsal displacement or angulation

Question 25

Name a local late complication of colles fracture?

Answer 25

Rupture of extensor pollicis longus tendon

Question 26

What is another name for flexion fracture of radius?

Answer 26

Smiths

Question 27

What is a volarly displaced or angulated extra-articular fracture of the distal radiuswhich usually occurs after falling onto back of flexed wrist?

Answer 27

Smiths

Question 28

How should all smiths fractures be treated?

Answer 28

With ORIF - highly unstable injuries

Question 29

What are the names of intra-articular fractures of distal radius involving the dorsal or voalr rim, where the carpalk bones of the wrist joint sublux?

Answer 29

Bartons

Question 30

What is an avulsion of extensor tendon from its insertion into terminal phalynx and is caused by forced flexion of the extended DIPJ, often from ball sport?

Answer 30

Mallet finger

Question 31

How are 3rd, 4th and 5th metacarpals treated?

Answer 31

Conservatorly

Question 32

What normally fracutres in a punching injury?

Answer 32

5th metacarpal

Question 33

How are extracapsular hip fractures managed?

Answer 33

Dynamic hip screw

Question 34

How much blood loss can occur with femoral shaft frac=tures?

Answer 34

1.5 litres

Question 35

What tibial plateu fracture will valgus force cause?

Answer 35

Lateral

Question 36

What is used to fix tibial plataeu fractures?

Answer 36

Plates and screws

Question 37

What is name for distal tibial fracture/

Answer 37

Pilon

Question 38

What is the name of the fracture of the base of the 2nd metatarsal associated with dislocation of the base of 2nd metatarsal with or without dislocation of others?

Answer 38

Lis franc

Question 39

What is the periosteium like in childrens bones?

Answer 39

Much thicker and bendier

Question 40

What Salterharris class is pure physeal seperation?

Answer 40

1

Question 41

What Salter Harris class are msot common?

Answer 41

2

Question 42

What class of Salter Harris are intraarticular/

Answer 42

3 and 4

Question 43

What are bucjkle and greenstick fractures?

Answer 43

Childrens distal radius fractures

Question 44

If the patient is unable to make ok sign - what nerves and muscles are affected?

Answer 44

;oss of FPL, FDP and median nerve

Question 45

In children less than 2 with femur shaft fractures - what splint is ued?

Answer 45

Gallows traction

Question 46

Who are undisplaced spiral fractures of tibial shaft common in?

Answer 46

Toddlers