Ancient Egypt New Kingdom (1550-1050)

Question 1

The New Kingdom

Answer 1

1550-1100. Capital at Thebes. Born from driving out Hyksos. 18-20th Dynasties.

Question 2

18th Dynasty

Answer 2

Thutmosid (Moses). Ahmose/Kamose, Thutmose I, Hatshepsut, Thutmose II, Thutmose III, Amenhotep II, Thutmose IV, Amenhotep III, Amenhotep IV, King Tut, Ay/Horemhab

Question 3

Ahmose (and Kamose)

Answer 3

drove out Hyksos to form dynasty

Question 4

Thutmose I

Answer 4

(1500)-armies easter and souther than before

Question 5

Thutmose II

Answer 5

stepbrother and husband of Hatshepsut

Question 6

Hatshepsut

Answer 6

-overthrew stepson, married Thutmose II, could be daughter of Thutmose III?, could be daughter that rescued Moses, created valley of the kings behind temple (62 rulers) west side of Nile across from Thebes, monuments; fancy temple Deir el Bahr

Question 7

Thutmose III

Answer 7

conquered Nubia (Sudan), pharaoh of oppression, one of two who reigns for 40+ years

Question 8

Amenhotep II

Answer 8

1446 Exodus (440 years before temple)

Question 9

Thutmose IV

Answer 9

dream stele–> not oldest son of Amenhotep II (firstborn died in plague?)

Question 10

Amenhotep III

Answer 10

r. 1390-1352. feared growing power of shrine to Amun-Ra, improved temples

Question 11

Amenhotep IV

Answer 11

closed temples and confiscated property in fear of priestly takeover (had a lot of land), announced Egypt would now worship only Aten (disk of the sun), and only pharaoh had access to him. Changed name to Akhenaten (beloved of the sun) and built new capital Akhetaten (Horizon of the sun), known as Amarna between Thebes and Cairo. Oldest accepted monotheism, so its argued that Hebrews got it from him and Exodus is later. Placed near a sunrise cliff to represent openness of this new god. Wanted to stay in Amarna, evidently ignored cries for help from Egyptian rulers. Probably ended by priestly and military uprising. Odd expressionistic sculptures, like one of wife Nefertiti. Art is more realistic. Amarna Letters found in Akkadian cuneiform from this period. “Hapiru” running around–Hebrews?

Question 12

King Tutankhaten

Answer 12

(1336) controlled by a faction trying to return to traditional polytheism from before Amarna. changed name to Tutankhamun to honor sun god. tomb discovered by Howard Carter in 1922

Question 13

military ursurpers following Tut

Answer 13

Ay and Horemhab

Question 14

19th Dynasty

Answer 14

(Ramessid). Ramses I founded it, Sethi I was another ruler. Ramses II is dad. Merneptah Stele was only reference to Israel from Egypt

Question 15

Ramses II

Answer 15

warrior and prolific builder. 1279-1212. half of Egypts monuments are built, longer than 60 years rule
Abu Simbel–temple in Southern Egypt w/ 4 statues of Ramses II. Dam would flood it, so they picked it up and moved it somewhere else
Kadesh 1285–battle between superpowers, with Israel in middle. Hittites control border city, Egyptian invading in waves, but are ambushed. Remaining waves save the day. Draw, signed non-aggression pact, left land between them empty

Question 16

20th Dynasty

Answer 16

Ramses III defeated sea peoples called Peleset–Philistines.

Question 17

fall of Ancient Egypt

Answer 17

sea peoples invade delta and decline begins. lot of people switch power for a long time after that.