Ancient Sources on Tiberius Flashcards
What was Tiberius known for in his early career?
Outstanding military general
Tiberius played a key role in the complex succession to Augustus.
How do sources differ in their portrayal of Tiberius?
Some admire him, while others highlight his hypocrisy, cruelty, and perversity.
Which authors provide sources on Tiberius?
- Dio Cassius, Roman History
- Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars
- Tacitus, The Annals of Imperial Rome
- Velleius Paterculus, History of Rome
- Younger Seneca, On Benefits
How does Tacitus portray Tiberius?
In the worst possible light: cryptic, harsh, perverted, reticent, and cold.
What is the significance of Tacitus writing as a senator?
He often portrays events in the context of the relationship between emperor and senators.
What did Tacitus claim about his writing purpose?
To teach moral lessons and highlight failures to avoid repetition.
How does Suetonius’ view of Tiberius change after his son’s death?
He acknowledges Tiberius was respectful and courteous initially, but changed after 23 AD.
What is Velleius Paterculus’ view of Tiberius’ reign?
He gives a highly positive view, describing ‘magnificent public buildings’.
What does Suetonius claim about public works under Tiberius?
No magnificent public works took place.
What challenge did Tiberius face regarding succession after Augustus’ death?
No precedent of succession existed for him to follow.
What was Tiberius’ dual challenge as emperor?
To exercise power while appeasing the Senate.
What rebellion hampered Tiberius’ reign?
The rebellion of the Pannonian Legions.
What motivated the mutinies of the German legions?
Soldiers were underpaid or had exceeded their terms of service.
Who did Tiberius send to deal with the Pannonian Rebellion?
Drusus the Younger.
How does Tacitus depict Tiberius’ effectiveness during the mutinies?
He shows Tiberius to be highly ineffective.
How does Velleius Paterculus describe Tiberius’ handling of the mutinies?
As seamless, dealing with the issues almost overnight.
What does Velleius Paterculus claim about the state under Tiberius?
Right is now honoured, evil is punished.
What does Tacitus say about Tiberius’ language?
Always hesitating and obscure, even in matters he did not care to conceal.
