Anesthetic

Question 1

Inhalation anesthetic

Answer 1

Volatile liquid,sevoflurane, and gaseous nitrous oxide

Question 2

Non inhalation anesthetic

Answer 2

Propofol,ketamine,etomidate, midazolam

Question 3

Premedication agents are

Answer 3

Atropine, diazepam and midazolam

Question 4

Sedative agents

Answer 4

Dexmedetomidine

Question 5

Myorelaxaxants

Answer 5

Rocuronium,suxamethonium

Question 6

Local anesthetic

Answer 6

Lidocaine,bupivacaine, benzocaine

Question 7

Anesthesia causes

Answer 7

Amnesia,loss of consciousness,immobility

Question 8

The stronger the drug

Answer 8

The lower MAC

Question 9

Depth of anesthetic is controlled by

Answer 9

EEG and hemodynamic function control

Question 10

4 stages of general anesthesia

Answer 10

Analgesia, excitement, surgical anesthesia, respiratory paralysis

Question 11

Propofol is

Answer 11

Allosteric modulator of GABAA receptor and has hypnotic and sedative effect

Question 12

Use of propofol

Answer 12

Maintenance of generalized anesthesia,induction anesthesia and sedation

Question 13

Etomidate

Answer 13

GABA a allosteric modulator, sedative and hypnotic effect

Question 14

Etomidate use

Answer 14

Induction anesthesia

Question 15

Ketamine

Answer 15

NMDA receptor channel blocker analgesic,dissociative anesthesia

Question 16

Ketamine use

Answer 16

Maintenance of general anesthesia, induction anesthesia and postoperative sedation

Question 17

Dissociative anaesthesia means

Answer 17

A cataleptic condition in which the patients eyes are open,but he is not communcative

Question 18

Sevoflurane

Answer 18

GABA receptor modulator, anesthetic effect

Question 19

Sevoflurane use

Answer 19

Maintenance anesthesia,but has arrythmogenic effect

Question 20

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer 20

Increased temp, tachycardia, respiratory failure,acidosis, rigidity and rhabdomyolysis

Question 21

Nitrous oxide

Answer 21

NMDA receptor antagonist, sedative and analgesic effect,no muscle relaxation effect

Question 22

N2O use

Answer 22

Maintenance anesthesia

Question 23

N2O causes release of

Answer 23

Endogenous opioid peptides(endorphins)

Question 24

Dexmedetomidine

Answer 24

Central alpha 2 receptor agonist

Question 25

Dexmedetomidine effects

Answer 25

Sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic and sympatholytic activity

Question 26

Dexmedetomidine use

Answer 26

Sedation , for short term diagnostic or surgical procedures

Question 27

Central action myorelaxaxants

Answer 27

BZD

Question 28

Local anesthetic reversibly inhibits

Answer 28

Sensory and or motor nerves

Question 29

Type of local anesthesia

Answer 29

1.Surface or terminal,2.Infiltration anesthesia 3 Regional anesthesia

Question 30

Regional anesthesia 3types

Answer 30

Spinal,epidural and wire

Question 31

Wire anesthesia

Answer 31

Drug administration perineural or endoneurial,blocks trunk and plexus

Question 32

Epidural anesthesia

Answer 32

Drug injected in spinal canal,nerve roots are blocked

Question 33

Spinal anesthesia

Answer 33

Drug injected into subarachnoid space,nerve roots are blocked

Question 34

Heterotrimeric sodium channels have

Answer 34

Alpha,beta 1 and beta 2 subunits

Question 35

Non ionised form of local anesthetic

Answer 35

Penetrate through cell membrane where as ionised form binds to ion channel

Question 36

Degrees of ionisation of local anesthetic dependent on

Answer 36

Pka of drug and pH of tissue

Question 37

Most local anesthetic have

Answer 37

Vasodilatory effect,so often combined with vasoconstrictor

Question 38

Systemic side effects of local anesthetic include

Answer 38

Cardiotoxicity and CNS toxicity

Question 39

Amides are metabolised by

Answer 39

Hepatic microsomal enzyme p450

Question 40

Lidocaine has

Answer 40

Anesthetic effect and class 1b antiarrhythmic effect

Question 41

Lidocaine and bupivacaine are

Answer 41

Sodium channel blocker and amides

Question 42

Benzocaine is

Answer 42

Amino ester and has short term action duration compared to amides,allergic reactions are common

Question 43

Lidocaine and bupivacaine are used in

Answer 43

All type of anesthesia

Question 44

Benzocaine is used only in

Answer 44

Surface anesthesia