Animal Physiology - Lecture 16

Question 1

air diffuses through insect .., enters the .. which branch to tracheoles

.. inflate and deflate to pump air through

larger insects may also .. rhythmic body movement

Answer 1

spiracles, trachaea

trachaea

exhibit

Question 2

tidal ventilation refers to gases .. and .. the same way

Answer 2

entering, exiting

Question 3

insects close spiracles when the environment is … to avoid .. loss

hairs around spiracles .. water

Answer 3

dry, water

trap

Question 4

warmer, .. water has less oxxygen

Answer 4

saltier

Question 5

fish have a countercurrent flow for .. exchange

Answer 5

gas

-water flowss single direction

Question 6

birds have two sets of inhalations/exhalations

first air enters the … air sacs, then exhaled into the lungs, second inhalation the … air sacs and air is pushed out of the body

Answer 6

posterior, anterior

• birds have the thinnest surface for gas exchange
• needed as they breathe at high altitudes

Question 7

mammal inhalation, the intercostal muscles and diaphragm .. and air comes ..

Answer 7

contract, in

-exhalation opposite

Question 8

marine mammals store oxygen in ..

Answer 8

muscles

Question 9

a fall in pH …. haemoglobin affinity for oxygen

Answer 9

ecrease