Animal Physiology - Lecture 2

Question 1

Unlike mitosis, chromosomes in meiosis undergo … and meiosis II results in .. gametes

Answer 1

recombination, haploid

Question 2

sperm and ova are produced in the .

Answer 2

gonads

-specialised organs

Question 3

seminiferous tubules in the human testes produce ..

Answer 3

sperm

Question 4

the epididymis in humans acts as a site for sperm ..

Answer 4

storage

Question 5

the Vas deferns transfers sperm to the …

Answer 5

penis

Question 6

in humans, seminal fluids are collected at the .. and the .. ..

Answer 6

prostate

seminal vesicle

Question 7

seminal fluids in drosophila are collected .. ..

Answer 7

ejaculatory duct

Question 8

spermatogenesis in Drosophilla occurs in the .. at the end of the testes

Answer 8

hub

Question 9

Primary spermatocyte 2n -> x2 secondary … 2n -> x4 …. n -> … n.

Answer 9

spermatocyte
spermatids
sperm
-x2, x4 etc. relative the the initial one spermatocyte

• spermatogonial cells refer to sperm-type cells
• this type of division is evolutionarily conserved

Question 10

One diploid cell -> … haploid sperm.

Answer 10

4.

Question 11

Spermatogenesis begins in the … stage of Drosophila, producing

Answer 11

larval

10,000

Question 12

Spermatogenesis begins at .. for humans, producing .. .. sperm per day.

Answer 12

Puberty

300 million

Question 13

What is the shape of Drosophila testes are .. and ..

Answer 13

Long and tubular

Question 14

house mouse sperm has a .. end and travel in ..

Answer 14

hooked, packs

Question 15

sperm gigantism is very .. sperm relative to the size of the organism

Drosophila bifurca is ..mm in length while its sperm is ..mm

Answer 15

large

3,60

Question 16

Sperm heteromorphism refers to one ejaculate having two sperm of .. sizes

Drosophila aphynis has .. fertile sperm and .. infertile sperm

Answer 16

different
long, short

-Short sperm there to fill up space, blocking sperm from other males coming in

Question 17

oogenic meiosis differs from spermatogeneic as the placement of the … plate is different, so the division of nutrients between dividing cells is unballanced.

Answer 17

metaphase

Question 18

the follicile in oogensis contains an … which lasts .. weeks before rupturing

Answer 18

ovum, two

Question 19

after the human follicle ruptures, the … … forms around the empty follicle

eventually the follicle then regresses and is …

Answer 19

Corpus luteum

reabsorbed

Question 20

a human female starts with …. follicles

Answer 20

400,000

Question 21

drosophilla take a few .. to lay eggs and they lay about ..

Answer 21

days, ~100

Question 22

the only insect which goes through pregnancy and births live young is the … ..

Answer 22

Madagascan Hawkmoth

Question 23

GnRH is released from the …

It causes … and … to be released from the .. … cells

Answer 23

hypothalamus,

FSH, LH, anterior pituitary cells.

Question 24

LH stimulates .. cells to secrete testosterone which stimulates spermatogenesis

In Oogenesis LH stimulates follicle … and the release of the .. at ovulation

Answer 24

Leydig cells

maturation, ova

Question 25

FSH stimulates ... cells which alongside ... facilitate sperm production in the seminiferous tubules. FSH in Oogenesis stimulates follicle ... and production of ...

Answer 25

Stertoli cells, testosterone | growth, oestrogen

Question 26

Oestrogen enhances follicle .. and grows the ...

Answer 26

growth, endometrium

Question 27

Progresterone grows and maintains the ... during pregnancy, stimulating nutrient secretion on a .. day cycle

Answer 27

endometrium, 28

Question 28

if fertilised, embryonic placental cells secrete .. ... which rescues the .. ... and maintains its function

Answer 28

Chorionic gonadotrophin, corpus luteum

Question 29

the birth control pill contains a small amount of .. and .. these inhibit the bodies natural cyclical hormones, preventing pregnancy

Answer 29

oestrogen, progesterin

Question 30

seminiferous tubules in insects .. sperm

Answer 30

store

Question 31

the endometrium is the .. layer of the uterus

Answer 31

inner

Question 32

the corpus luteum secretes ... which prepares the body for pregnancy when fertilised ... is vital for establishing the placenta, the placenta itself then takes the role of secreting ..

Answer 32

progesterin, progesterin, progestrin