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Aps 136 Animal Physiology > Animal Physiology - Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Animal Physiology - Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Unlike mitosis, chromosomes in meiosis undergo … and meiosis II results in .. gametes

A

recombination, haploid

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2
Q

sperm and ova are produced in the .

A

gonads

-specialised organs

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3
Q

seminiferous tubules in the human testes produce ..

A

sperm

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4
Q

the epididymis in humans acts as a site for sperm ..

A

storage

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5
Q

the Vas deferns transfers sperm to the …

A

penis

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6
Q

in humans, seminal fluids are collected at the .. and the .. ..

A

prostate

seminal vesicle

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7
Q

seminal fluids in drosophila are collected .. ..

A

ejaculatory duct

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8
Q

spermatogenesis in Drosophilla occurs in the .. at the end of the testes

A

hub

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9
Q

Primary spermatocyte 2n -> x2 secondary … 2n -> x4 …. n -> … n.

A

spermatocyte
spermatids
sperm
-x2, x4 etc. relative the the initial one spermatocyte

  • spermatogonial cells refer to sperm-type cells
  • this type of division is evolutionarily conserved
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10
Q

One diploid cell -> … haploid sperm.

A

4.

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11
Q

Spermatogenesis begins in the … stage of Drosophila, producing

A

larval

10,000

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12
Q

Spermatogenesis begins at .. for humans, producing .. .. sperm per day.

A

Puberty

300 million

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13
Q

What is the shape of Drosophila testes are .. and ..

A

Long and tubular

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14
Q

house mouse sperm has a .. end and travel in ..

A

hooked, packs

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15
Q

sperm gigantism is very .. sperm relative to the size of the organism

Drosophila bifurca is ..mm in length while its sperm is ..mm

A

large

3,60

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16
Q

Sperm heteromorphism refers to one ejaculate having two sperm of .. sizes

Drosophila aphynis has .. fertile sperm and .. infertile sperm

A

different
long, short

-Short sperm there to fill up space, blocking sperm from other males coming in

17
Q

oogenic meiosis differs from spermatogeneic as the placement of the … plate is different, so the division of nutrients between dividing cells is unballanced.

A

metaphase

18
Q

the follicile in oogensis contains an … which lasts .. weeks before rupturing

A

ovum, two

19
Q

after the human follicle ruptures, the … … forms around the empty follicle

eventually the follicle then regresses and is …

A

Corpus luteum

reabsorbed

20
Q

a human female starts with …. follicles

A

400,000

21
Q

drosophilla take a few .. to lay eggs and they lay about ..

A

days, ~100

22
Q

the only insect which goes through pregnancy and births live young is the … ..

A

Madagascan Hawkmoth

23
Q

GnRH is released from the …

It causes … and … to be released from the .. … cells

A

hypothalamus,

FSH, LH, anterior pituitary cells.

24
Q

LH stimulates .. cells to secrete testosterone which stimulates spermatogenesis

In Oogenesis LH stimulates follicle … and the release of the .. at ovulation

A

Leydig cells

maturation, ova

25
Q

FSH stimulates … cells which alongside … facilitate sperm production in the seminiferous tubules.

FSH in Oogenesis stimulates follicle … and production of …

A

Stertoli cells, testosterone

growth, oestrogen

26
Q

Oestrogen enhances follicle .. and grows the …

A

growth, endometrium

27
Q

Progresterone grows and maintains the … during pregnancy, stimulating nutrient secretion on a .. day cycle

A

endometrium, 28

28
Q

if fertilised, embryonic placental cells secrete .. … which rescues the .. … and maintains its function

A

Chorionic gonadotrophin, corpus luteum

29
Q

the birth control pill contains a small amount of .. and ..

these inhibit the bodies natural cyclical hormones, preventing pregnancy

A

oestrogen, progesterin

30
Q

seminiferous tubules in insects .. sperm

A

store

31
Q

the endometrium is the .. layer of the uterus

A

inner

32
Q

the corpus luteum secretes … which prepares the body for pregnancy

when fertilised … is vital for establishing the placenta, the placenta itself then takes the role of secreting ..

A

progesterin, progesterin, progestrin

Aps 136 Animal Physiology (19 decks)

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